如何在python脚本中运行playbook？在python中使用ansible模块的等价物如下：
ansible -i hosts dbservers -m setup
ansible-playbook -i hosts -vvvv -k site.yml
我在http://docs.ansible.com/developing_api.html查看了他们的文件，但他们的例子非常有限。
答案 0 :(得分：34)
弃用通知：此帖不适用于ansible 2. API已更改。
这包含在“{2}”下的“Python API”中。
例如，ansible -i hosts dbservers -m setup通过以下方式实现：
import ansible.runner
runner = ansible.runner.Runner(
module_name='setup',
module_args='',
pattern='dbservers',
)
dbservers_get_facts = runner.run()
Runner的__init__方法（来自ansible.runner）中有许多未记录的参数。有Ansible documentation，但我在这篇文章中包含了一些参数，作为对你专门寻找的内容的猜测。
class Runner(object):
''' core API interface to ansible '''
# see bin/ansible for how this is used...
def __init__(self,
host_list=C.DEFAULT_HOST_LIST, # ex: /etc/ansible/hosts, legacy usage
module_path=None, # ex: /usr/share/ansible
module_name=C.DEFAULT_MODULE_NAME, # ex: copy
module_args=C.DEFAULT_MODULE_ARGS, # ex: "src=/tmp/a dest=/tmp/b"
...
pattern=C.DEFAULT_PATTERN, # which hosts? ex: 'all', 'acme.example.org'
remote_user=C.DEFAULT_REMOTE_USER, # ex: 'username'
remote_pass=C.DEFAULT_REMOTE_PASS, # ex: 'password123' or None if using key
remote_port=None, # if SSH on different ports
private_key_file=C.DEFAULT_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE, # if not using keys/passwords
sudo_pass=C.DEFAULT_SUDO_PASS, # ex: 'password123' or None
...
sudo=False, # whether to run sudo or not
sudo_user=C.DEFAULT_SUDO_USER, # ex: 'root'
module_vars=None, # a playbooks internals thing
play_vars=None, #
play_file_vars=None, #
role_vars=None, #
role_params=None, #
default_vars=None, #
extra_vars=None, # extra vars specified with he playbook(s)
is_playbook=False, # running from playbook or not?
inventory=None, # reference to Inventory object
...
su=False, # Are we running our command via su?
su_user=None, # User to su to when running command, ex: 'root'
su_pass=C.DEFAULT_SU_PASS,
vault_pass=None,
...
):
例如，上面指定sudo用户和pass的命令是：
runner = ansible.runner.Runner(
module_name='setup',
module_args='',
pattern='dbservers',
remote_user='some_user'
remote_pass='some_pass_or_python_expression_that_returns_a_string'
)
对于剧本，请查看too many to list inline，它需要一组类似的初始值设定项：
class PlayBook(object):
'''
runs an ansible playbook, given as a datastructure or YAML filename.
...
'''
# *****************************************************
def __init__(self,
playbook = None,
host_list = C.DEFAULT_HOST_LIST,
module_path = None,
....
可以使用.run()方法执行。 e.g：
from ansible.playbook import PlayBook
pb = PlayBook(playbook='/path/to/book.yml, --other initializers--)
pb.run()
playbook.PlayBook可以找到更强大的用法。
据我所知，将playbooks转换为Python模块需要更多参与，但上面列出的文档应该让你了解，你可以重用Ansible中内置的YAML解析器将playbooks转换为变量。
答案 1 :(得分：10)
我已经回答了问题here 在此处发布此信息会导致社区中的帖子链接失败。希望它有所帮助。
文档非常缺乏，您必须开始here
话虽这么说，这是一个快速的脚本，我一起入侵，设法运行一个剧本。
#!/usr/bin/env python
import os
import sys
from collections import namedtuple
from ansible.parsing.dataloader import DataLoader
from ansible.vars.manager import VariableManager
from ansible.inventory.manager import Inventory
from ansible.executor.playbook_executor import PlaybookExecutor
loader = DataLoader()
inventory = Inventory(loader=loader, sources='/home/slotlocker/hosts2')
variable_manager = VariableManager(loader=loader, inventory=inventory)
playbook_path = '/home/slotlocker/ls.yml'
if not os.path.exists(playbook_path):
print '[INFO] The playbook does not exist'
sys.exit()
Options = namedtuple('Options', ['listtags', 'listtasks', 'listhosts', 'syntax', 'connection','module_path', 'forks', 'remote_user', 'private_key_file', 'ssh_common_args', 'ssh_extra_args', 'sftp_extra_args', 'scp_extra_args', 'become', 'become_method', 'become_user', 'verbosity', 'check','diff'])
options = Options(listtags=False, listtasks=False, listhosts=False, syntax=False, connection='ssh', module_path=None, forks=100, remote_user='slotlocker', private_key_file=None, ssh_common_args=None, ssh_extra_args=None, sftp_extra_args=None, scp_extra_args=None, become=True, become_method='sudo', become_user='root', verbosity=None, check=False, diff=False)
variable_manager.extra_vars = {'hosts': 'mywebserver'} # This can accomodate various other command line arguments.`
passwords = {}
pbex = PlaybookExecutor(playbooks=[playbook_path], inventory=inventory, variable_manager=variable_manager, loader=loader, options=options, passwords=passwords)
results = pbex.run()
答案 2 :(得分：3)
仅适用于2.8.3的快速代码更新
from ansible import context
from ansible.cli import CLI
from ansible.module_utils.common.collections import ImmutableDict
from ansible.executor.playbook_executor import PlaybookExecutor
from ansible.parsing.dataloader import DataLoader
from ansible.inventory.manager import InventoryManager
from ansible.vars.manager import VariableManager
loader = DataLoader()
context.CLIARGS = ImmutableDict(tags={}, listtags=False, listtasks=False, listhosts=False, syntax=False, connection='ssh',
module_path=None, forks=100, remote_user='xxx', private_key_file=None,
ssh_common_args=None, ssh_extra_args=None, sftp_extra_args=None, scp_extra_args=None, become=True,
become_method='sudo', become_user='root', verbosity=True, check=False, start_at_task=None)
inventory = InventoryManager(loader=loader, sources=('/xxx/inventory_file',))
variable_manager = VariableManager(loader=loader, inventory=inventory, version_info=CLI.version_info(gitinfo=False))
pbex = PlaybookExecutor(playbooks=['/xxx/playbook.yml'], inventory=inventory, variable_manager=variable_manager, loader=loader, passwords={})
results = pbex.run()
答案 3 :(得分：0)
基于 vigilander 的回答，我可以自由地将pkg上传到pypi，现在您可以使用这个简单的ansible运行程序了：
只需点安装ansible-playbook-runner并运行：
from ansible_playbook_runner import Runner
Runner(['inventory_path'], 'playbook_path').run()
答案 4 :(得分：0)
Ansible提供了ansible-runner Python程序包（PyPI，GitHub）。
documentation中的用法示例：
import ansible_runner
r = ansible_runner.run(private_data_dir='/tmp/demo', playbook='test.yml')
print("{}: {}".format(r.status, r.rc))
# successful: 0
for each_host_event in r.events:
print(each_host_event['event'])
print("Final status:")
print(r.stats)
答案 5 :(得分：-7)
您正在寻找未经官方支持或推荐的内容，因此无需提供任何文档。
那就是说，如果你真的想要继续这个课程，我会首先在bin中打开ansible-playbook脚本，然后逆向工程你要做的事情。