我几个小时以来一直在努力。我只是想在Razor视图中使用Image助手，我得到TypeAccessException。
以下是令人讨厌的代码行：
@Html.Image(Content.images.Profile_gif)
以下是例外：
安全透明方法'Microsoft.Web.Mvc.ImageExtensions.Image（System.Web.Mvc.HtmlHelper，System.String）'尝试访问安全关键类型'System.Web.Mvc.MvcHtmlString'失败。
描述：在执行当前Web请求期间发生了未处理的异常。请查看堆栈跟踪，以获取有关错误及其在代码中的起源位置的更多信息。
异常详细信息： System.TypeAccessException：尝试通过安全透明方法'Microsoft.Web.Mvc.ImageExtensions.Image（System.Web.Mvc.HtmlHelper，System.String）'来访问安全关键键入'System.Web.Mvc.MvcHtmlString'失败。
请参阅下面的完整堆栈跟踪。
这是在MVC5应用程序中，当我在Visual Studio 2012中调试或发布模式下调试时，问题正在发生。大部分代码来自MVC3应用程序，但我实际上是从一个新的MVC5项目开始并复制在文件夹中。我不记得最初遇到这个异常，但它似乎已经在一些错误修复和NuGet更新后悄悄进入。 （编辑：我刚刚恢复到旧版本以确认这一点，但异常仍然发生，所以看起来这个异常一直是个问题，除非我的问题与IIS Express有关。）
以下是我认为可以帮助我的一些关键主题，但没有：
许多建议的解决方案似乎都涉及确保安装了正确的和最新的NuGet软件包，所以这是我的packages.config文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<packages>
<package id="AutoMapper" version="3.3.0" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="BCrypt-Official" version="0.1.109" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="elmah" version="1.2.2" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="elmah.corelibrary" version="1.2.2" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Elmah.MVC" version="2.1.1" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="EntityFramework" version="6.1.1" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="EntityFramework.SqlServerCompact" version="6.1.1" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="FluentValidation" version="5.5.0.0" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="FluentValidation.MVC5" version="5.5.0.0" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="jQuery" version="2.1.1" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="jQuery.UI.Combined" version="1.11.2" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="jQuery.Validation" version="1.13.1" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="MailChimp.NET" version="1.1.65.0" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.Mvc" version="5.2.2" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.Razor" version="3.2.2" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebHelpers" version="3.2.2" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebPages" version="3.2.2" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebPages.Data" version="3.2.2" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebPages.WebData" version="3.2.2" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Microsoft.jQuery.Unobtrusive.Ajax" version="3.2.2" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Microsoft.jQuery.Unobtrusive.Validation" version="3.2.2" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Microsoft.SqlServer.Compact" version="4.0.8876.1" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure" version="1.0.0.0" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Modernizr" version="2.8.3" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Mvc4Futures" version="4.0.20710.0" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="MvcContrib.Mvc5" version="5.0.0.0" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="MvcMailer" version="4.5" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Ninject" version="3.2.2.0" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Ninject.MVC5" version="3.2.1.0" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Ninject.Web.Common" version="3.2.3.0" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Ninject.Web.Common.WebHost" version="3.2.3.0" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="ServiceStack.Text" version="3.9.71" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="T4MVC" version="3.10.0" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="T4MVCExtensions" version="3.10.0" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="T4Scaffolding.Core" version="1.0.0" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="WebActivatorEx" version="2.0.6" targetFramework="net45" />
</packages>
我运行Update-Package -Reinstall以确保每个NuGet包都已正确安装。我还尝试删除packages文件夹，让NuGet包恢复再次下载所有内容。这些都没有任何区别。
以下是我的Web.config的一些相关部分：
<appSettings>
<add key="webpages:Version" value="3.0.0.0" />
<add key="webpages:Enabled" value="false" />
<add key="ClientValidationEnabled" value="true" />
<add key="PreserveLoginUrl" value="true" />
<add key="UnobtrusiveJavaScriptEnabled" value="true" />
</appSettings>
<runtime>
<assemblyBinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="FluentValidation" publicKeyToken="a82054b837897c66" culture="neutral" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-3.4.5.0" newVersion="3.4.5.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="EntityFramework" publicKeyToken="b77a5c561934e089" culture="neutral" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-4.1.0.0" newVersion="4.1.0.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Helpers" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-3.0.0.0" newVersion="3.0.0.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.WebPages" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-3.0.0.0" newVersion="3.0.0.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Mvc" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-5.2.2.0" newVersion="5.2.2.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
</assemblyBinding>
</runtime>
<system.web>
<trust level="Full" />
<customErrors mode="RemoteOnly" defaultRedirect="Error.htm" />
<compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.5" />
<httpRuntime targetFramework="4.5" />
<authentication mode="Forms">
<forms loginUrl="~/Account/LogOn" timeout="10" />
</authentication>
<pages>
<namespaces>
<add namespace="System.Web.Helpers" />
<add namespace="System.Web.Mvc" />
<add namespace="System.Web.Mvc.Ajax" />
<add namespace="System.Web.Mvc.Html" />
<add namespace="System.Web.Routing" />
<add namespace="System.Web.WebPages" />
</namespaces>
</pages>
</system.web>
最后，这是来自异常的完整堆栈跟踪：
[TypeAccessException: Attempt by security transparent method 'Microsoft.Web.Mvc.ImageExtensions.Image(System.Web.Mvc.HtmlHelper, System.String)' to access security critical type 'System.Web.Mvc.MvcHtmlString' failed.]
Microsoft.Web.Mvc.ImageExtensions.Image(HtmlHelper helper, String imageRelativeUrl) +0
ASP._Page_Views_Member_ProfileLink_cshtml.Execute() in d:\Projects\Current\Tennis Club\MVC5\Solution\TennisClub\Views\Member\ProfileLink.cshtml:5
System.Web.WebPages.WebPageBase.ExecutePageHierarchy() +271
System.Web.Mvc.WebViewPage.ExecutePageHierarchy() +122
System.Web.WebPages.WebPageBase.ExecutePageHierarchy(WebPageContext pageContext, TextWriter writer, WebPageRenderingBase startPage) +145
System.Web.Mvc.RazorView.RenderView(ViewContext viewContext, TextWriter writer, Object instance) +695
System.Web.Mvc.BuildManagerCompiledView.Render(ViewContext viewContext, TextWriter writer) +382
System.Web.Mvc.ViewResultBase.ExecuteResult(ControllerContext context) +431
System.Web.Mvc.ControllerActionInvoker.InvokeActionResult(ControllerContext controllerContext, ActionResult actionResult) +39
System.Web.Mvc.ControllerActionInvoker.InvokeActionResultFilterRecursive(IList`1 filters, Int32 filterIndex, ResultExecutingContext preContext, ControllerContext controllerContext, ActionResult actionResult) +116
System.Web.Mvc.ControllerActionInvoker.InvokeActionResultFilterRecursive(IList`1 filters, Int32 filterIndex, ResultExecutingContext preContext, ControllerContext controllerContext, ActionResult actionResult) +529
System.Web.Mvc.ControllerActionInvoker.InvokeActionResultFilterRecursive(IList`1 filters, Int32 filterIndex, ResultExecutingContext preContext, ControllerContext controllerContext, ActionResult actionResult) +529
System.Web.Mvc.ControllerActionInvoker.InvokeActionResultWithFilters(ControllerContext controllerContext, IList`1 filters, ActionResult actionResult) +106
System.Web.Mvc.Async.<>c__DisplayClass2b.<BeginInvokeAction>b__1c() +321
System.Web.Mvc.Async.<>c__DisplayClass21.<BeginInvokeAction>b__1e(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +185
System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncResult`1.CallEndDelegate(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +42
System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncResultBase`1.End() +133
System.Web.Mvc.Async.AsyncResultWrapper.End(IAsyncResult asyncResult, Object tag) +56
System.Web.Mvc.Async.AsyncControllerActionInvoker.EndInvokeAction(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +40
System.Web.Mvc.Controller.<BeginExecuteCore>b__1d(IAsyncResult asyncResult, ExecuteCoreState innerState) +34
System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncVoid`1.CallEndDelegate(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +70
System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncResultBase`1.End() +139
System.Web.Mvc.Async.AsyncResultWrapper.End(IAsyncResult asyncResult, Object tag) +59
System.Web.Mvc.Async.AsyncResultWrapper.End(IAsyncResult asyncResult, Object tag) +40
System.Web.Mvc.Controller.EndExecuteCore(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +44
System.Web.Mvc.Controller.<BeginExecute>b__15(IAsyncResult asyncResult, Controller controller) +39
System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncVoid`1.CallEndDelegate(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +62
System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncResultBase`1.End() +139
System.Web.Mvc.Async.AsyncResultWrapper.End(IAsyncResult asyncResult, Object tag) +59
System.Web.Mvc.Async.AsyncResultWrapper.End(IAsyncResult asyncResult, Object tag) +40
System.Web.Mvc.Controller.EndExecute(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +39
System.Web.Mvc.Controller.System.Web.Mvc.Async.IAsyncController.EndExecute(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +39
System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.<BeginProcessRequest>b__5(IAsyncResult asyncResult, ProcessRequestState innerState) +39
System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncVoid`1.CallEndDelegate(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +70
System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncResultBase`1.End() +139
System.Web.Mvc.Async.AsyncResultWrapper.End(IAsyncResult asyncResult, Object tag) +59
System.Web.Mvc.Async.AsyncResultWrapper.End(IAsyncResult asyncResult, Object tag) +40
System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.EndProcessRequest(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +40
System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.System.Web.IHttpAsyncHandler.EndProcessRequest(IAsyncResult result) +38
System.Web.Mvc.<>c__DisplayClassa.<EndProcessRequest>b__9() +44
System.Web.Mvc.<>c__DisplayClass4.<Wrap>b__3() +34
System.Web.Mvc.ServerExecuteHttpHandlerWrapper.Wrap(Func`1 func) +69
System.Web.Mvc.ServerExecuteHttpHandlerWrapper.Wrap(Action action) +123
System.Web.Mvc.ServerExecuteHttpHandlerAsyncWrapper.EndProcessRequest(IAsyncResult result) +133
System.Web.HttpServerUtility.ExecuteInternal(IHttpHandler handler, TextWriter writer, Boolean preserveForm, Boolean setPreviousPage, VirtualPath path, VirtualPath filePath, String physPath, Exception error, String queryStringOverride) +1464
[HttpException (0x80004005): Error executing child request for handler 'System.Web.Mvc.HttpHandlerUtil+ServerExecuteHttpHandlerAsyncWrapper'.]
System.Web.HttpServerUtility.ExecuteInternal(IHttpHandler handler, TextWriter writer, Boolean preserveForm, Boolean setPreviousPage, VirtualPath path, VirtualPath filePath, String physPath, Exception error, String queryStringOverride) +3177611
System.Web.HttpServerUtility.Execute(IHttpHandler handler, TextWriter writer, Boolean preserveForm, Boolean setPreviousPage) +76
System.Web.HttpServerUtility.Execute(IHttpHandler handler, TextWriter writer, Boolean preserveForm) +28
System.Web.HttpServerUtilityWrapper.Execute(IHttpHandler handler, TextWriter writer, Boolean preserveForm) +19
System.Web.Mvc.Html.ChildActionExtensions.ActionHelper(HtmlHelper htmlHelper, String actionName, String controllerName, RouteValueDictionary routeValues, TextWriter textWriter) +979
System.Web.Mvc.Html.ChildActionExtensions.Action(HtmlHelper htmlHelper, String actionName, String controllerName, RouteValueDictionary routeValues) +112
System.Web.Mvc.T4Extensions.Action(HtmlHelper htmlHelper, ActionResult result) +125
ASP._Page_Views_Member_Filtered_cshtml.<Execute>b__2() in d:\Projects\Current\Tennis Club\MVC5\Solution\TennisClub\Views\Member\Filtered.cshtml:17
System.Web.WebPages.<>c__DisplayClass7.<RenderSection>b__5(TextWriter tw) +352
System.Web.WebPages.HelperResult.WriteTo(TextWriter writer) +42
System.Web.WebPages.WebPageExecutingBase.WriteTo(TextWriter writer, HelperResult content) +45
System.Web.WebPages.WebPageBase.Write(HelperResult result) +53
ASP._Page_Views_Shared_StandardLayouts_Index_cshtml.Execute() in d:\Projects\Current\Tennis Club\MVC5\Solution\TennisClub\Views\Shared\StandardLayouts\Index.cshtml:13
System.Web.WebPages.WebPageBase.ExecutePageHierarchy() +271
System.Web.Mvc.WebViewPage.ExecutePageHierarchy() +122
System.Web.WebPages.WebPageBase.ExecutePageHierarchy(WebPageContext pageContext, TextWriter writer, WebPageRenderingBase startPage) +145
System.Web.WebPages.WebPageBase.ExecutePageHierarchy(WebPageContext pageContext, TextWriter writer) +41
System.Web.WebPages.<>c__DisplayClass3.<RenderPageCore>b__2(TextWriter writer) +335
System.Web.WebPages.HelperResult.WriteTo(TextWriter writer) +42
System.Web.WebPages.WebPageExecutingBase.WriteTo(TextWriter writer, HelperResult content) +45
System.Web.WebPages.WebPageBase.Write(HelperResult result) +53
System.Web.WebPages.WebPageBase.RenderSurrounding(String partialViewName, Action`1 body) +178
System.Web.WebPages.WebPageBase.PopContext() +229
System.Web.WebPages.WebPageBase.ExecutePageHierarchy(WebPageContext pageContext, TextWriter writer, WebPageRenderingBase startPage) +154
System.Web.Mvc.RazorView.RenderView(ViewContext viewContext, TextWriter writer, Object instance) +695
System.Web.Mvc.BuildManagerCompiledView.Render(ViewContext viewContext, TextWriter writer) +382
System.Web.Mvc.ViewResultBase.ExecuteResult(ControllerContext context) +431
System.Web.Mvc.ControllerActionInvoker.InvokeActionResult(ControllerContext controllerContext, ActionResult actionResult) +39
System.Web.Mvc.ControllerActionInvoker.InvokeActionResultFilterRecursive(IList`1 filters, Int32 filterIndex, ResultExecutingContext preContext, ControllerContext controllerContext, ActionResult actionResult) +116
System.Web.Mvc.ControllerActionInvoker.InvokeActionResultFilterRecursive(IList`1 filters, Int32 filterIndex, ResultExecutingContext preContext, ControllerContext controllerContext, ActionResult actionResult) +529
System.Web.Mvc.ControllerActionInvoker.InvokeActionResultFilterRecursive(IList`1 filters, Int32 filterIndex, ResultExecutingContext preContext, ControllerContext controllerContext, ActionResult actionResult) +529
System.Web.Mvc.ControllerActionInvoker.InvokeActionResultWithFilters(ControllerContext controllerContext, IList`1 filters, ActionResult actionResult) +106
System.Web.Mvc.Async.<>c__DisplayClass2b.<BeginInvokeAction>b__1c() +321
System.Web.Mvc.Async.<>c__DisplayClass21.<BeginInvokeAction>b__1e(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +185
System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncResult`1.CallEndDelegate(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +42
System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncResultBase`1.End() +133
System.Web.Mvc.Async.AsyncResultWrapper.End(IAsyncResult asyncResult, Object tag) +56
System.Web.Mvc.Async.AsyncControllerActionInvoker.EndInvokeAction(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +40
System.Web.Mvc.Controller.<BeginExecuteCore>b__1d(IAsyncResult asyncResult, ExecuteCoreState innerState) +34
System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncVoid`1.CallEndDelegate(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +70
System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncResultBase`1.End() +139
System.Web.Mvc.Async.AsyncResultWrapper.End(IAsyncResult asyncResult, Object tag) +59
System.Web.Mvc.Async.AsyncResultWrapper.End(IAsyncResult asyncResult, Object tag) +40
System.Web.Mvc.Controller.EndExecuteCore(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +44
System.Web.Mvc.Controller.<BeginExecute>b__15(IAsyncResult asyncResult, Controller controller) +39
System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncVoid`1.CallEndDelegate(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +62
System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncResultBase`1.End() +139
System.Web.Mvc.Async.AsyncResultWrapper.End(IAsyncResult asyncResult, Object tag) +59
System.Web.Mvc.Async.AsyncResultWrapper.End(IAsyncResult asyncResult, Object tag) +40
System.Web.Mvc.Controller.EndExecute(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +39
System.Web.Mvc.Controller.System.Web.Mvc.Async.IAsyncController.EndExecute(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +39
System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.<BeginProcessRequest>b__5(IAsyncResult asyncResult, ProcessRequestState innerState) +39
System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncVoid`1.CallEndDelegate(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +70
System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncResultBase`1.End() +139
System.Web.Mvc.Async.AsyncResultWrapper.End(IAsyncResult asyncResult, Object tag) +59
System.Web.Mvc.Async.AsyncResultWrapper.End(IAsyncResult asyncResult, Object tag) +40
System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.EndProcessRequest(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +40
System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.System.Web.IHttpAsyncHandler.EndProcessRequest(IAsyncResult result) +38
System.Web.CallHandlerExecutionStep.System.Web.HttpApplication.IExecutionStep.Execute() +9657896
System.Web.HttpApplication.ExecuteStep(IExecutionStep step, Boolean& completedSynchronously) +155
答案 0 :(得分：1)
当我之前查看NuGet包列表时，我注意到其中一个项目相当可疑，因为它的名称包含“Mvc4”而不是“Mvc5”：
<package id="Mvc4Futures" version="4.0.20710.0" targetFramework="net45" />
但是，我认为这不是问题的根源，因为这个包是MvcContrib.Mvc5的依赖，我不认为我（直接）将它用于任何事情。
嗯，不知怎的，我在第一次调查时错过了这个，但事实证明ASP.NET MVC5中没有Image HtmlHelper - 它是Mvc4Futures添加的内容。命名空间Microsoft.Web.Mvc让我误以为它是核心ASP.NET MVC的一部分，但是从MVC5开始，核心命名空间似乎是System.Web.Mvc。
该问题有两种解决方案：
只是使用纯HTML：
<img src="@Content.images.Profile_gif" />
保持代码不变（使用Image帮助程序），但将Mvc4Futures包替换为Microsoft.AspNet.Mvc.Futures包（这需要使用Uninstall-Package -force Mvc4Futures，因为MvcContrib.Mvc5取决于它。）
修改
我随后在CodePlex上的MvcContrib项目网站上添加了一个问题，要求从Mvc4Futures更改依赖关系 - ＆gt; Microsoft.AspNet.Mvc.Futures：