Question

我需要在PHP中使用快速通用方法从输入字符串中提取City和Zipcode（如果可用）信息。

字符串可以是以下形式

$ input_str =“123 Main Street，New Haven，CT”;
$ input_str =“123 Main Street，New Haven，CT 06510”;
$ input_str =“New Haven，CT，United States”;
$ input_str =“New Haven，CT 06510”;

我在想（1）＆amp; （3）至少我可以用“，”来爆炸输入字符串，然后通过数组循环找到一个2位数的STATE字符并忽略它。但是我超越了这一点。

$search_values = explode(',' ,$input_str);
foreach($search_values as $search)
{
    $trim_search = trim($search);   // Remove any trailing white spaces

    // If the 2 digit State is provided without Zipcode, ignore it
    if (strlen($trim_search) == 2)
    {
        //echo 'Ignoring State Without Zipcode: ' . $search . '<br>';
        continue;
    }

    ...

Answer 1

我不是最强大的正则表达式，但是这里有一个找到带有或不带有邮政编码的2字符状态的镜头。

正则表达式：(([A-Z]{2})|[0-9]{5})+

Fiddle

但是，如果您只想在状态和邮政编码在一起时匹配，请看一下：正则表达式：(([A-Z]{2})(\s*[0-9]{5}))+

Fiddle

希望这有点帮助。

修改

class Extract { private $_string; private $_sections = array(); private $_output = array(); private $_found = array(); private $_original_string; private $_countries = array ( 'United States', 'Canada', 'Mexico', 'France', 'Belgium', 'United Kingdom', 'Sweden', 'Denmark', 'Spain', 'Australia', 'Austria', 'Italy', 'Netherlands' ); private $_zipcon = array(); private $ZIPREG = array( "United States"=>"^\d{5}([\-]?\d{4})?$", "United Kingdom"=>"^(GIR|[A-Z]\d[A-Z\d]??|[A-Z]{2}\d[A-Z\d]??)[ ]??(\d[A-Z]{2})$", "Germany"=>"\b((?:0[1-46-9]\d{3})|(?:[1-357-9]\d{4})|(?:[4][0-24-9]\d{3})|(?:[6][013-9]\d{3}))\b", "Canada"=>"^([ABCEGHJKLMNPRSTVXY]\d[ABCEGHJKLMNPRSTVWXYZ])\s*(\d[ABCEGHJKLMNPRSTVWXYZ]\d)$", "France"=>"^(F-)?((2[A|B])|[0-9]{2})[0-9]{3}$", "Italy"=>"^(V-|I-)?[0-9]{5}$", "Australia"=>"^(0[289][0-9]{2})|([1345689][0-9]{3})|(2[0-8][0-9]{2})|(290[0-9])|(291[0-4])|(7[0-4][0-9]{2})|(7[8-9][0-9]{2})$", "Netherlands"=>"^[1-9][0-9]{3}\s?([a-zA-Z]{2})?$", "Spain"=>"^([1-9]{2}|[0-9][1-9]|[1-9][0-9])[0-9]{3}$", "Denmark"=>"^([D-d][K-k])?( |-)?[1-9]{1}[0-9]{3}$", "Sweden"=>"^(s-|S-){0,1}[0-9]{3}\s?[0-9]{2}$", "Belgium"=>"^[1-9]{1}[0-9]{3}$" ); // thanks to http://www.pixelenvision.com/1708/zip-postal-code-validation-regex-php-code-for-12-countries/ public function __construct($string) { $this->_output = array ( "state" => "", "city" => "", "country" => "", "zip" => "", "street" =>"", "number" => "" ); $this->_original_string = $string; $this->_string = $this->normalize(trim($string)); // create an array of patterns in order to extract zip code using the country list we already have foreach($this->ZIPREG as $country => $pattern) { $this->_zipcon[] = $pattern = preg_replace( array("/\^/","/\\$/"),array("",""), $pattern); } $this->init(); } protected function init() { $this->getData(); // get data that can be found without breaking up the string. $this->_sections = array_filter(explode(',', trim($this->_string))); // split each section if(!empty($this->_sections)) { foreach($this->_sections as $i => $d) { $d = preg_replace(array("/\s+/", "/\s([?.!])/"), array(" ","$1"), $d ); $this->_sections[$i] = trim($this->normalize($d)); // normalize strin to have one spacing between each word } } else { $this->_sections[] = $this->_string; } // try to match what's missing with has already been found $notFound = $this->getNotFound(); if(count($notFound)==1 && count($this->_found)>1) { $found = $this->getFound(); foreach($found as $string) { $notFound[0] = preg_replace("/$string/i", "", $notFound[0]); } $this->_output["city"] = $notFound[0]; $this->_found[] = $this->_output["city"]; $this->remove($this->_output["city"]); } } public function getSections() { return $this->_sections; } protected function normalize($string) { $string = preg_replace(array("/\s+/", "/\s([?.!])/"), array(" ","$1"), trim($string)); return $string; } protected function country_from_zip($zip) { $found = ""; foreach($this->ZIPREG as $country => $pattern) { if(preg_match ("/".$pattern."/", $zip)) { $found = $country; break; } } return $found; } protected function getData() { $container = array(); // extract zip code only when present beside state, or else five digits are meaningless if(preg_match ("/[A-Z]{2,}\s*(".implode('|', $this->_zipcon).")/", $this->_string) ){ preg_match ("/[A-Z]{2,}\s*(".implode('|', $this->_zipcon).")/", $this->_string, $container["state_zip"]); $this->_output["state"] = $container["state_zip"][0]; $this->_output["zip"] = $container["state_zip"][1]; $this->_found[] = $this->_output["state"] . " ". $this->_output["zip"]; // remove from string once found $this->remove($this->_output["zip"]); $this->remove($this->_output["state"]); // check to see if we can find the country just by inputting zip code if($this->_output["zip"]!="" ) { $country = $this->country_from_zip($this->_output["zip"]); $this->_output["country"] = $country; $this->_found[] = $this->_output["country"]; $this->remove($this->_output["country"]); } } if(preg_match ("/\b([A-Z]{2,})\b/", $this->_string)) { preg_match ("/\b([A-Z]{2,})\b/", $this->_string, $container["state"]); $this->_output["state"] = $container["state"][0]; $this->_found[] = $this->_output['state']; $this->remove($this->_output["state"]); } // if we weren't able to find a country based on the zip code, use the one provided (if provided) if($this->_output["country"] == "" && preg_match("/(". implode('|',$this->_countries) . ")/i", $this->_string) ){ preg_match ("/(". implode('|',$this->_countries) . ")/i", $this->_string, $container["country"]); $this->_output["country"] = $container["country"][0]; $this->_found[] = $this->_output['country']; $this->remove($this->_output["country"]); } if(preg_match ("/([0-9]{1,})\s+([.\\-a-zA-Z\s*]{1,})/", $this->_string) ){ preg_match ("/([0-9]{1,})\s+([.\\-a-zA-Z\s*]{1,})/", $this->_string, $container["address"]); $this->_output["number"] = $container["address"][1]; $this->_output["street"] = $container["address"][2]; $this->_found[] = $this->_output["number"] . " ". $this->_output["street"]; $this->remove($this->_output["number"]); $this->remove($this->_output["street"]); } //echo $this->_string; } /* remove from string in order to make it easier to find missing this */ protected function remove($string, $case_sensitive = false) { $s = ($case_sensitive==false ? "i" : ""); $this->_string = preg_replace("/".$string."/$s", "", $this->_string); } public function getNotFound() { return array_values(array_filter(array_diff($this->_sections, $this->_found))); } public function getFound() { return $this->_found; } /* outputs a readable string with all items found */ public function toString() { $output = $this->getOutput(); $string = "Original string: [ ".$this->_original_string.' ] ---- New string: [ '. $this->_string. ' ]<br>'; foreach($output as $type => $data) { $string .= "-".$type . ": " . $data. '<br>'; } return $string; } /* return the final output as an array */ public function getOutput() { return $this->_output; } } $array = array(); $array[0] = "123 Main Street, New Haven, CT 06518"; $array[1] = "123 Main Street, New Haven, CT"; $array[2] = "123 Main Street, New Haven, CT 06511"; $array[3] = "New Haven,CT 66554, United States"; $array[4] = "New Haven, CT06513"; $array[5] = "06513"; $array[6] = "123 Main Street, New Haven CT 06518, united states"; $array[7] = "1253 McGill College, Montreal, QC H3B 2Y5"; // google Montreal / Canada $array[8] = "1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043"; // google CA / US $array[9] = "20 West Kinzie St., Chicago, IL 60654"; // google IL / US $array[10] = "405 Rue Sainte-Catherine Est, Montreal, QC"; // Montreal address shows hyphened street names $array[11] = "48 Pirrama Road, Pyrmont, NSW 2009"; // google Australia foreach($array as $string) { $a = new Extract($string); echo $a->toString().'<br>'; }

使用上面代码中的示例，它应输出：

Original string: [ 123 Main Street, New Haven, CT 06518 ] ---- New string: [ , , ] -state: CT -city: New Haven -country: United States -zip: 06518 -street: Main Street -number: 123 Original string: [ 123 Main Street, New Haven, CT ] ---- New string: [ , , ] -state: CT -city: New Haven -country: -zip: -street: Main Street -number: 123 Original string: [ 123 Main Street, New Haven, CT 06511 ] ---- New string: [ , , ] -state: CT -city: New Haven -country: United States -zip: 06511 -street: Main Street -number: 123 Original string: [ New Haven,CT 66554, United States ] ---- New string: [ , , ] -state: CT -city: New Haven -country: United States -zip: 66554 -street: -number: Original string: [ New Haven, CT06513 ] ---- New string: [ , ] -state: CT -city: New Haven -country: United States -zip: 06513 -street: -number: Original string: [ 06513 ] ---- New string: [ 06513 ] -state: -city: -country: -zip: -street: -number: Original string: [ 123 Main Street, New Haven CT 06518, united states ] ---- New string: [ , , ] -state: CT -city: New Haven -country: United States -zip: 06518 -street: Main Street -number: 123 Original string: [ 1253 McGill College, Montreal, QC H3B 2Y5 ] ---- New string: [ , , ] -state: QC -city: Montreal -country: Canada -zip: H3B 2Y5 -street: McGill College -number: 1253 Original string: [ 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043 ] ---- New string: [ , , ] -state: CA -city: Mountain View -country: United States -zip: 94043 -street: Amphitheatre Parkway -number: 1600 Original string: [ 20 West Kinzie St., Chicago, IL 60654 ] ---- New string: [ , , ] -state: IL -city: Chicago -country: United States -zip: 60654 -street: West Kinzie St. -number: 20 Original string: [ 405 Rue Sainte-Catherine Est, Montreal, QC ] ---- New string: [ , , ] -state: QC -city: Montreal -country: -zip: -street: Rue Sainte-Catherine Est -number: 405 Original string: [ 48 Pirrama Road, Pyrmont, NSW 2009 ] ---- New string: [ , , ] -state: NSW -city: Pyrmont -country: Australia -zip: 2009 -street: Pirrama Road -number: 48

如果要提取实际存储的值，以便可以使用。您需要致电getOutput()。这将返回一个包含所有必需值的数组。如果我们在列表中取第一个地址并使用此方法输出其值，则应输出：

Array ( [state] => CT [city] => New Haven [country] => United States [zip] => 06518 [street] => Main Street [number] => 123 )

请注意，此课程可以大大优化和改进。这是我在一小时内出现的，所以我不能保证它适用于所有类型的输入。实质上，您必须确保用户至少努力使用逗号分隔地址的各个部分。您还需要确保提供大写状态和有效的五位邮政编码。

一些规则

要提取邮政编码，必须在其旁边提供有效的2字符状态，并附带有效的邮政编码。示例：CT 06510.如果没有状态，只输入五位数字是没有意义的，因为街道号码中也可能有五位数字。（无法区分两者）。

只有在按顺序提供数字和单词时才能提取街道和号码。示例：123 Main Street。它也必须用逗号分隔，否则它将捕获数字后面的所有单词。例如，123 Main Street New Haven, CT 06518，代码就是街道和数字为123 Main Street New Haven而不是123 Main Street。

只需输入五位邮政编码即可。

如果没有提供国家/地区，则会猜测该国家/地区是否提供有效的邮政编码（请参阅上面的邮政编码列表及其各自的国家/地区）。

~~它假定不提供连字符（特别是对于城市名称）。这可以在以后修改。（需要修改正则表达式以适应城市和街道名称的带连字符的单词）。~~（已修复）

最重要的是，如果你有时间更改和修改正则表达式并相应地自定义它，你可以做更多的事情。

我强烈建议您使用表单（如果您还没有），以便轻松捕获输入中提供的地址。它可能会让你的生活变得更轻松。

快速使用

$Extract = new Extract("123 Main Street, New Haven, CT 06518"); $foundValues = $Extract->getOutput();

在PHP中从String中提取City和Zipcode

1 个答案: