Question

使用Eclipse进行开发时，如果我之前已经运行/调试过应用程序并且没有更改其源代码，那么再次运行/调试同一个应用程序的速度相当快。

然而，对于Android Studio和Gralde，每当我尝试运行/调试应用程序时，gradle构建将始终运行，在应用程序启动时添加额外的15~45秒延迟（有时向上）在4年前的HP i7笔记本电脑上使用70秒。

因此，问题是：有没有办法跳过Android Studio的gradle构建阶段，或者至少减少运行/调试所需的时间？

注意：我已经按如下方式配置了gradle.properties：

org.gradle.parallel=true
org.gradle.daemon=true
org.gradle.configureondemand=true

编辑：我的gradle构建可能比大多数项目更复杂，因为它有7种不同的风格（将扩展到~20）和3种构建类型，还包含Groovy代码来更改APK名称（插入当前日期），并根据当前的buildType自动插入任务以增加版本代码和版本名称。这是完整的build.gradle（修改为隐藏客户名称）：

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

def appendVersionNameVersionCode(applicationVariants) {
    applicationVariants.all { variant ->
        variant.outputs.each { output ->
            def outputFile = output.outputFile
            if (outputFile != null) {
                def PREFIX = "My_APP_"
                if (outputFile.name.endsWith('.apk') && !outputFile.name.startsWith(PREFIX)) {
                    def names = variant.baseName.split("-");
                    def apkName = PREFIX+names[0]+"_";
                    if(names[1].equals(android.buildTypes.debugEx.name)) {
                        apkName += 'debugEx_'
                    } else {
                        apkName += new SimpleDateFormat("YYYYMMdd").format(new Date())
                    }
                    if(variant.name.toLowerCase().contains(android.buildTypes.release.name)) {
                        if (outputFile.name.contains('unsigned')) {
                            apkName += "-unsigned"
                        } else {
                            apkName += "_SIGNED"
                        }
                    }
                    if (!variant.outputs.zipAlign) {
                        apkName += "-unaligned"
                    }
                    apkName += ".apk"
                    println outputFile.name+" --> " + apkName
                    output.outputFile = new File(outputFile.parent, apkName)
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

def retrieveVersionCode(variantName) {
    def manifestFile = file("src/$variantName/AndroidManifest.xml")
    def pattern = Pattern.compile("versionCode=\"(\\d+)\"")
    def manifestText = manifestFile.getText()
    def matcher = pattern.matcher(manifestText)
    matcher.find()
    return Integer.parseInt(matcher.group(1))
}

def retrieveVersionName(variantName) {
    def manifestFile = file("src/$variantName/AndroidManifest.xml")
    def pattern = Pattern.compile(Pattern.quote("versionName=\"") + "(.*?)"+ Pattern.quote("\""))
    def manifestText = manifestFile.getText()
    def matcher = pattern.matcher(manifestText)
    matcher.find()
    return matcher.group(1)
}

android {
    compileSdkVersion 21
    buildToolsVersion "21.1.0"

    lintOptions {
        abortOnError false
        absolutePaths false
        lintConfig file("lint.xml")
    }

    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.app.sportcam"
        minSdkVersion 8
        targetSdkVersion 21
    }

    if(project.hasProperty("app.signing")
            && new File(project.property("app.signing")+'.gradle').exists()) {
        apply from: project.property("app.signing")+'.gradle';
    } else {
        println 'Warning, signing credential not found: ' + project.property("app.signing")+'.gradle'
    }

    buildTypes {
        all {
                buildConfigField 'String', 'IP', '"192.168.1.1"'
                buildConfigField 'String', 'RTSP_IP', '"rtsp://"+IP+"/"'

                //debugging
                buildConfigField 'boolean', 'DEBUG_DETAILED', 'false'
                buildConfigField 'boolean', 'DEBUG_UI_STATE', 'false'
                buildConfigField 'boolean', 'INTERNAL_DEBUG', 'false'
                buildConfigField 'boolean', 'ENABLE_VIEWSERVER', 'false'
                buildConfigField 'boolean', 'INJECT_PTP_PROPERTIES', 'false'

                //functional
                buildConfigField 'boolean', 'ENABLE_TIME_LIMIT', 'false'
                buildConfigField 'boolean', 'HIDE_ACTIONBAR_ON_LANDSCAPE', 'false'
                buildConfigField 'boolean', 'ENABLE_VIDEO_DOWNLOAD', 'true'
                buildConfigField 'boolean', 'ENABLE_VIDEO_DOWNLOAD_PROGRESS', 'true'
                buildConfigField 'boolean', 'ENABLE_VIDEO_DOWNLOAD_CANCEL', 'false'
                buildConfigField 'boolean', 'SET_TIME', 'true'
                buildConfigField 'boolean', 'SHOULD_SET_CAMERA_MODE_WHEN_TURNING_RECORDING_OFF', 'false'
                buildConfigField 'boolean', 'SHOULD_SET_CAMERA_MODE_ON_CONNECTION', 'false'

            appendVersionNameVersionCode(applicationVariants)
        }

        release {
            minifyEnabled true
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }

        //for customers' testing
        debug {
                buildConfigField 'boolean', 'ENABLE_TIME_LIMIT', 'true'
        }

        //for internal testing
        debugEx {
                buildConfigField 'boolean', 'DEBUG_DETAILED', 'true'
                buildConfigField 'boolean', 'INTERNAL_DEBUG', 'true'
                buildConfigField 'boolean', 'ENABLE_VIEWSERVER', 'true'
                buildConfigField 'boolean', 'INJECT_TEST_PROPERTIES', 'true'

            debuggable true
            signingConfig signingConfigs.debug
            applicationIdSuffix ".debug"
        }
    }

    compileOptions {
        sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_7
        targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_7
    }

    def time=Calendar.getInstance()
    time.add(Calendar.MONTH, 3)
    println 'Debug build expiry date='+time.getTime()

    productFlavors {
        // default BuildConfig variables
        all {
            buildConfigField 'long', 'TIME_LIMIT', time.getTimeInMillis()+'l'

            buildConfigField 'boolean', 'ADD_ABOUT', 'true'

            buildConfigField 'boolean', 'FORCE_DEVICE_CHECK', 'false'

            buildConfigField 'boolean', 'SHOW_CUR_SELECTION_PREF', 'true'
            buildConfigField 'boolean', 'SHOW_CUR_SELECTION_ONSCREEN', 'false'

            buildConfigField 'boolean', 'NO_WIFI_SCREEN', 'true'
            buildConfigField 'boolean', 'NO_STREAMING', 'false'
            buildConfigField 'boolean', 'NO_GALLERY', 'false'

            buildConfigField 'boolean', 'INIT_IN_START', 'true'

            buildConfigField 'boolean', 'CUSTOM_FUNCTIONS', 'true'

            buildConfigField 'boolean', 'ENABLE_TIMEOUT_CONTINUE', 'false'

            buildConfigField 'boolean', 'TRANSPARENT_BOTTOM_BAR', 'false'

            buildConfigField 'int', 'LOGO_TIMING', '1000'
        }

        default {
            //mandatory
            buildConfigField 'int', 'CUSTOMER_NAME_PREFIX', '0xFF'

            buildConfigField 'boolean', 'ADD_ABOUT', 'false'

            applicationId = 'com.app.default'
            def variantName='DEFAULT'
            versionCode retrieveVersionCode(variantName)
            versionName retrieveVersionName(variantName)
        }

        Customer_1 {
            //mandatory
            buildConfigField 'int', 'CUSTOMER_NAME_PREFIX', '0x0B'

            buildConfigField 'boolean', 'FORCE_DEVICE_CHECK', 'true'

            applicationId 'com.app.c1'
            def variantName='c1'
            versionCode retrieveVersionCode(variantName)
            versionName retrieveVersionName(variantName)
        }

        Customer_2 {
            //mandatory
            buildConfigField 'int', 'CUSTOMER_NAME_PREFIX', '0xFF' //TODO not final

            buildConfigField 'boolean', 'SHOW_CUR_SELECTION_ONSCREEN', 'true'

            applicationId 'com.app.c2'
            def variantName='c2'
            versionCode retrieveVersionCode(variantName)
            versionName retrieveVersionName(variantName)
        }

        Customer_3 {
            //mandatory
            buildConfigField 'int', 'CUSTOMER_NAME_PREFIX', '0x12'
            buildConfigField 'int', 'LOGO_TIMING', '3000'

            applicationId = 'com.app.c3'
            def variantName='c3'
            versionCode retrieveVersionCode(variantName)
            versionName retrieveVersionName(variantName)
        }

        Customer_4 {
            //mandatory
            buildConfigField 'int', 'CUSTOMER_NAME_PREFIX', '0x02'

            applicationId = 'com.app.c4'
            def variantName='c4'
            versionCode retrieveVersionCode(variantName)
            versionName retrieveVersionName(variantName)
        }

        Customer_5 {
            //mandatory
            buildConfigField 'int', 'CUSTOMER_NAME_PREFIX', '0x04'

            applicationId = 'com.app.c5'
            def variantName='c5'
            versionCode retrieveVersionCode(variantName)
            versionName retrieveVersionName(variantName)
        }

        Customer_6 {
            //mandatory
            buildConfigField 'int', 'CUSTOMER_NAME_PREFIX', '0xFF'

            applicationId = 'com.app.c6'
            def variantName='c6'
            versionCode retrieveVersionCode(variantName)
            versionName retrieveVersionName(variantName)
        }

        Customer_7 {
            //mandatory
            buildConfigField 'int', 'CUSTOMER_NAME_PREFIX', '0x14'

            buildConfigField 'boolean', 'FORCE_DEVICE_CHECK', 'true'

            applicationId = 'com.app.c7'
            def variantName='c7'
            versionCode retrieveVersionCode(variantName)
            versionName retrieveVersionName(variantName)
        }
    }

    sourceSets{
        main {
            res.srcDirs = ['src/main/res']
        }

        default {
            res.srcDir 'src/_Strings_/Standard'
            res.srcDir 'src/_Strings_/xx'
        }

        Customer_1 {
            res.srcDir 'src/_Strings_/Standard'
            res.srcDir 'src/_Strings_/xx'
        }

        Customer_2 {
            res.srcDir 'src/_Strings_/Standard'
            res.srcDir 'src/_Strings_/xx'
        }

        Customer_3 {
            res.srcDir 'src/_Strings_/Standard'
            res.srcDir 'src/_Strings_/xx'
            res.srcDir 'src/_Strings_/yy'
        }

        Customer_4 {
            res.srcDir 'src/_Strings_/Standard'
            res.srcDir 'src/_Strings_/xx'
        }

        Customer_5 {
            res.srcDir 'src/_Strings_/xx'
            res.srcDir 'src/_Strings_/zz'
        }

        Customer_6 {
            res.srcDir 'src/_Strings_/xx'
            res.srcDir 'src/_Strings_/aa'
        }

        Customer_7 {
            res.srcDir 'src/_Strings_/Standard'
            res.srcDir 'src/_Strings_/xx'
        }
    }
}

import java.util.regex.Pattern
def variantNameRegex = Pattern.quote("generate") + "(.*?)"+ Pattern.quote("BuildConfig")
Pattern patternVariantName = Pattern.compile(variantNameRegex);
tasks.whenTaskAdded { task ->
    //TODO disables lint
    if (task.name.startsWith("lint")) {
        println 'Disables lint task: '+task.name
        task.enabled = false
    }

    def m = patternVariantName.matcher(task.name)
    if (m.find()) {
        def variantName = m.group(1)
        def isRelease=false
        if (variantName.endsWith('Debug')) {
            variantName = variantName.substring(0, variantName.lastIndexOf('Debug'))
        } else if (variantName.endsWith('Release')) {
            variantName = variantName.substring(0, variantName.lastIndexOf('Release'))
            isRelease=true;
        } else {
            return
        }

        def taskIncVerCode="increaseVersionCode$variantName"
        if(!project.hasProperty(taskIncVerCode)) {
            project.task(taskIncVerCode) << {
                def manifestFile = file("src/$variantName/AndroidManifest.xml")
                def pattern = Pattern.compile("versionCode=\"(\\d+)\"")
                def manifestText = manifestFile.getText()
                def matcher = pattern.matcher(manifestText)
                matcher.find()
                def versionCode = Integer.parseInt(matcher.group(1))
                def manifestContent = matcher.replaceAll("versionCode=\"" + ++versionCode + "\"")
                manifestFile.write(manifestContent)
            }
        }
        task.dependsOn taskIncVerCode

        if(isRelease) {
            def taskIncVerName="increaseVersionName$variantName"
            if(!project.hasProperty(taskIncVerName)) {
                project.task(taskIncVerName) << {
                    def manifestFile = file("src/$variantName/AndroidManifest.xml")
                    def patternVersionNumber = Pattern.compile("versionName=\"(\\d+)\\.(\\d+)\\.(\\d+)\"")
                    def manifestText = manifestFile.getText()
                    def matcherVersionNumber = patternVersionNumber.matcher(manifestText)
                    matcherVersionNumber.find()
                    def majorVersion = Integer.parseInt(matcherVersionNumber.group(1))
                    def minorVersion = Integer.parseInt(matcherVersionNumber.group(2))
                    def pointVersion = Integer.parseInt(matcherVersionNumber.group(3))
                    def mNextVersionName = majorVersion + "." + minorVersion + "." + (pointVersion + 1)
                    def manifestContent = matcherVersionNumber.replaceAll("versionName=\"" + mNextVersionName + "\"")
                    manifestFile.write(manifestContent)
                }
            }
            task.dependsOn taskIncVerName
        }
    }
}

dependencies {
    compile fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
    compile 'com.android.support:support-v4:21.0.0'
    compile files('libs/eventbus.jar')
    compile files('libs/libGoogleAnalyticsServices.jar')
    compile files('libs/trove-3.0.3.jar')
}

这是Gradle控制台输出，通过在没有任何gralde /代码修改的情况下执行Run两次生成：

Executing tasks: [:ptp_app_base:assembleCustomer_6DebugEx]

Parallel execution with configuration on demand is an incubating feature.
Debug build expiry date=Mon Mar 16 10:39:02 CST 2015
Disables lint task: lintVitalCustomer_1Release
Disables lint task: lintVitalCustomer_2Release
Disables lint task: lintVitalDefaultRelease
Disables lint task: lintVitalCustomer_3Release
Disables lint task: lintVitalCustomer_4Release
Disables lint task: lintVitalCustomer_5Release
Disables lint task: lintVitalCustomer_6Release
Disables lint task: lintVitalCustomer_7Release
Disables lint task: lint
Disables lint task: lintCustomer_1DebugEx
Disables lint task: lintCustomer_1Debug
Disables lint task: lintCustomer_1Release
Disables lint task: lintCustomer_2DebugEx
Disables lint task: lintCustomer_2Debug
Disables lint task: lintCustomer_2Release
Disables lint task: lintDefaultDebugEx
Disables lint task: lintDefaultDebug
Disables lint task: lintDefaultRelease
Disables lint task: lintCustomer_3DebugEx
Disables lint task: lintCustomer_3Debug
Disables lint task: lintCustomer_3Release
Disables lint task: lintCustomer_4DebugEx
Disables lint task: lintCustomer_4Debug
Disables lint task: lintCustomer_4Release
Disables lint task: lintCustomer_5DebugEx
Disables lint task: lintCustomer_5Debug
Disables lint task: lintCustomer_5Release
Disables lint task: lintCustomer_6DebugEx
Disables lint task: lintCustomer_6Debug
Disables lint task: lintCustomer_6Release
Disables lint task: lintCustomer_7DebugEx
Disables lint task: lintCustomer_7Debug
Disables lint task: lintCustomer_7Release
ptp_app_base-Customer_1-debugEx.apk --> MY_APP_Customer_1_debugEx_.apk
ptp_app_base-Customer_1-debug.apk --> MY_APP_Customer_1_20141216.apk
ptp_app_base-Customer_1-release.apk --> MY_APP_Customer_1_20141216_SIGNED.apk
ptp_app_base-Customer_2-debugEx.apk --> MY_APP_Customer_2_debugEx_.apk
ptp_app_base-Customer_2-debug.apk --> MY_APP_Customer_2_20141216.apk
ptp_app_base-Customer_2-release.apk --> MY_APP_Customer_2_20141216_SIGNED.apk
ptp_app_base-default-debugEx.apk --> MY_APP_default_debugEx_.apk
ptp_app_base-default-debug.apk --> MY_APP_default_20141216.apk
ptp_app_base-default-release.apk --> MY_APP_default_20141216_SIGNED.apk
ptp_app_base-Customer_3-debugEx.apk --> MY_APP_Customer_3_debugEx_.apk
ptp_app_base-Customer_3-debug.apk --> MY_APP_Customer_3_20141216.apk
ptp_app_base-Customer_3-release.apk --> MY_APP_Customer_3_20141216_SIGNED.apk
ptp_app_base-Customer_4-debugEx.apk --> MY_APP_Customer_4_debugEx_.apk
ptp_app_base-Customer_4-debug.apk --> MY_APP_Customer_4_20141216.apk
ptp_app_base-Customer_4-release.apk --> MY_APP_Customer_4_20141216_SIGNED.apk
ptp_app_base-i3-debugEx.apk --> MY_APP_i3_debugEx_.apk
ptp_app_base-i3-debug.apk --> MY_APP_i3_20141216.apk
ptp_app_base-i3-release.apk --> MY_APP_i3_20141216_SIGNED.apk
ptp_app_base-i5-debugEx.apk --> MY_APP_i5_debugEx_.apk
ptp_app_base-i5-debug.apk --> MY_APP_i5_20141216.apk
ptp_app_base-i5-release.apk --> MY_APP_i5_20141216_SIGNED.apk
ptp_app_base-Customer_7-debugEx.apk --> MY_APP_Customer_7_debugEx_.apk
ptp_app_base-Customer_7-debug.apk --> MY_APP_Customer_7_20141216.apk
ptp_app_base-Customer_7-release.apk --> MY_APP_Customer_7_20141216_SIGNED.apk
:ptp_app_base:preBuild
:ptp_app_base:compileCustomer_6DebugExNdk UP-TO-DATE
:ptp_app_base:preCustomer_6DebugExBuild
:ptp_app_base:checkCustomer_6DebugExManifest
:ptp_app_base:preCustomer_4DebugBuild
:ptp_app_base:preCustomer_4DebugExBuild
:ptp_app_base:preCustomer_4ReleaseBuild
:ptp_app_base:preCustomer_5DebugBuild
:ptp_app_base:preCustomer_5DebugExBuild
:ptp_app_base:preCustomer_5ReleaseBuild
:ptp_app_base:preCustomer_6DebugBuild
:ptp_app_base:preCustomer_6ReleaseBuild
:ptp_app_base:preDefaultDebugBuild
:ptp_app_base:preDefaultDebugExBuild
:ptp_app_base:preDefaultReleaseBuild
:ptp_app_base:preCustomer_3DebugBuild
:ptp_app_base:preCustomer_3DebugExBuild
:ptp_app_base:preCustomer_3ReleaseBuild
:ptp_app_base:preCustomer_7DebugBuild
:ptp_app_base:preCustomer_7DebugExBuild
:ptp_app_base:preCustomer_7ReleaseBuild
:ptp_app_base:preCustomer_1DebugBuild
:ptp_app_base:preCustomer_1DebugExBuild
:ptp_app_base:preCustomer_1ReleaseBuild
:ptp_app_base:preCustomer_2DebugBuild
:ptp_app_base:preCustomer_2DebugExBuild
:ptp_app_base:preCustomer_2ReleaseBuild
:ptp_app_base:prepareComAndroidSupportSupportV42100Library UP-TO-DATE
:ptp_app_base:prepareCustomer_6DebugExDependencies
:ptp_app_base:compileCustomer_6DebugExAidl UP-TO-DATE
:ptp_app_base:compileCustomer_6DebugExRenderscript UP-TO-DATE
:ptp_app_base:generateCustomer_6DebugExBuildConfig
:ptp_app_base:generateCustomer_6DebugExAssets UP-TO-DATE
:ptp_app_base:mergeCustomer_6DebugExAssets UP-TO-DATE
:ptp_app_base:generateCustomer_6DebugExResValues UP-TO-DATE
:ptp_app_base:generateCustomer_6DebugExResources UP-TO-DATE
:ptp_app_base:mergeCustomer_6DebugExResources UP-TO-DATE
:ptp_app_base:processCustomer_6DebugExManifest UP-TO-DATE
:ptp_app_base:processCustomer_6DebugExResources UP-TO-DATE
:ptp_app_base:generateCustomer_6DebugExSources
:ptp_app_base:compileCustomer_6DebugExJava
Note: Some input files use or override a deprecated API.
Note: Recompile with -Xlint:deprecation for details.
Note: Some input files use unchecked or unsafe operations.
Note: Recompile with -Xlint:unchecked for details.

:ptp_app_base:preDexCustomer_6DebugEx UP-TO-DATE
:ptp_app_base:dexCustomer_6DebugEx
:ptp_app_base:processCustomer_6DebugExJavaRes UP-TO-DATE
:ptp_app_base:validateDebugSigning
:ptp_app_base:packageCustomer_6DebugEx
:ptp_app_base:zipalignCustomer_6DebugEx
:ptp_app_base:assembleCustomer_6DebugEx

BUILD SUCCESSFUL

Total time: 30.303 secs

当前的构建脚本可能不是最高效的，所以我们将非常感谢有关如何跳过重建或加快重建的提示。

编辑2：我注意到大部分的gradle构建时间用于：

编译[app] Java
DEX [应用]
包[应用]

尽管自上次构建以来没有任何变化，但这些步骤似乎仍在运行。

编辑3：原始标题为“如何在使用Android Studio运行/调试时跳过Gradle构建”，更改为更好地反映问题的症状和补救措施。

Answer 1

原因是我的愚蠢：

我将BuildConfig字段设置为当前时间（以毫秒为单位），这会导致每次Gradle运行时生成的BuildConfig.java不同，从而导致整个编译/删除/打包阶段运行。< / p>

修改

对我来说，问题是由执行类似于此的脚本引起的：

productFlavors { all { buildConfigField 'long', 'TIME_LIMIT', System.currentTimeMillis() + 'l' } ... }

由于System.currentTimeMillis（）每次都不同，这意味着每次Gradle运行它都会发现源代码已经改变，因此触发了一连串的动作。通过将脚本更改为：
来解决此问题
def time = Calendar.getInstance() time.set(Calendar.HOUR, 1); time.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 1); time.set(Calendar.SECOND, 1); time.set(Calendar.MILLISECOND, 1); productFlavors { // default BuildConfig variables all { buildConfigField 'long', 'TIME_LIMIT', time.getTimeInMillis() + 'l' } ... }

上述脚本表示在同一天运行时产生完全相同的时间。因此，如果没有其他任何改变，那么之前生成的APK将被重用，无需重新编译。

每次Gradle运行时都会编译App，花费大量时间

1 个答案: