Question

我还在学习C并且在尝试malloc结构时遇到了一些麻烦。我有以下结构：

struct data {
int *ref; 
int *port;
char data[MAX_STRING];
}temp, valid, invalid;

我打算使用＆＃39; temp＆＃39; struct在验证之前存储输入数据，然后根据验证结果将结构复制到有效或无效结构数组的成员。

int main(){
   char inputfile[100];
   FILE *file; = fopen("file.txt" , "r");

   if (file != NULL){
      read_file (file);
   }

   else{
    // Some code here..
   }

   return 0;
}  

void read_file(FILE *file)
{

char buf[1024];

   while(!feof (file))
   {
       struct temp *p_temp = malloc(sizeof(temp));

       p_temp->ref = malloc(sizeof(int));         <<<<<<< 'dereferencing pointer to incomplete type'
       p_temp->port = malloc(sizeof(int));        <<<<<<< 'dereferencing pointer to incomplete type'
       p_temp->data = malloc(sizeof(MAX_STRING)); <<<<<<< 'dereferencing pointer to incomplete type'

       fgets(buf, sizeof buf, file); 

       sscanf(buffer, "%d.%d.%s", p_temp->ref, p_temp->port,  p_temp->data);

       validate();

     }
}

我是否已经开始使用malloc以正确的方式使用临时结构？我收到错误＆＃39;取消引用不完整类型＆＃39;

然后我将如何创建一个有效且无效的malloced结构数组？我会创建一个函数，如：

vaild* vaild_record(){

struct vaild *p_vaild = malloc(sizeof(vaild));
if ( p_vaild == NULL)

{
    // some code here
}

p_vaild->ref= malloc(sizeof(int));
p_vaild->port = malloc(sizeof(int));
p_vaild->data =(char)malloc(sizeof(STRINGMAX);

if ( p_vaild->ref == NULL || p_vaild->port == NULL || p_vaild->data == NULL)
{
   // some code here
}

return 0;
}

我对整件事感到有点困惑。任何清晰度都会非常感谢。

Answer 1

你的问题是你应该声明结构的方式

struct data 
{
    int *ref; 
    int *port;
    char data[MAX_STRING];
};

然后你做

struct data *p_valid;
p_valid = malloc(sizeof(struct data));

另一件事是

p_valid->data = malloc(sizeof(STRINGMAX));

是错误的，因为data不是指针。并且sizeof(STRINGMAX)也是错误的，因为STRINGMAX似乎是一个宏，因此它会扩展到它的价值，如果你有#define STRINGMAX 4那么它会扩展到{{1} }}

Answer 2

Your definition of the struct:

struct data {
    int *ref; 
    int *port;
    char data[MAX_STRING];
}temp, valid, invalid;

should be more like this:

struct data 
{
    int *ref; 
    int *port;
    char data[MAX_STRING];
};

then define the arrays similar to this:

struct data temp;

struct data* valid = NULL;
struct data* invalid = NULL;
int currentValidSize = 0;
int currentInvalidSize = 0;
struct data * validTemp = NULL;
struct data * invalidTemp = NULL;

then, each time the code needs room for (another) instance of a struct

struct data *validTemp = realloc(valid, (currentValidSize+1)* sizeof(data) );
if( NULL == validTemp )
{ // realloc failed
    perrof( "realloc failed" );

    // free everything, close files, etc here probably be writing a sub function
    // and calling it here.
    // a sub function that: 
    // that walks the valid and invalid arrays, 
    // first free'ing any malloc'd fields
    // then finally free'ing the whole array

    exit( EXIT_FAILURE );
}

// implied else, realloc successful

// update array size counter
currentValidSize++;

// update ptr to valid array of structs
valid = validTemp;
validTemp = NULL;

similar for adding an entry to the invalid array of structs

then update the valid array of structs from temp as:
(note the '-1' in the offset into valid[])

memcpy( &valid[currentValidSize-1], &temp, sizeof data );
// Note you will also have to perform a 'deep' copy of any areas 
// that were malloc'd within the 'temp' struct

Answer 3

从快速查看，我认为您的问题可能是您在read_file函数中进行mallocing的地方。你应该有malloc(sizeof(struct temp))。

同时施放malloc也不会受到伤害。

此外，结构末尾不需要temp, valid, invalid，只需使用struct data

希望这有帮助

Malloc一系列结构。

3 个答案: