Question

我是Perl的新手。我试图提取存储在文件中的VLAN信息。文件内容，

VLAN0001
  Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp

Interface           Role Sts Cost      Prio.Nbr Type
------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
PE8/1             Desg FWD 2         128.2945 P2p Edge 
Ta579               Desg FWD 3         128.5761 P2p Edge 

VLAN0023
  Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp

Interface           Role Sts Cost      Prio.Nbr Type
------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
PE8/1             Desg FWD 2         128.2945 P2p Edge 
Ta579               Desg FWD 3         128.5761 P2p Edge    

ACCOUNT
  Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp

Interface           Role Sts Cost      Prio.Nbr Type
------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
Ta579               Desg FWD 1         128.5764 P2p

我有perl代码，

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use Data::Dumper;
my $filename = "spanning-tree1.txt";
    open my $fh, '<', $filename or die "error opening $filename: $!";
    my $data = do { local $/; <$fh> };

my @list = ($data =~ /(^[A-Za-z0-9]+.*?(?=^[A-Za-z0-9]+$|\Z))/msg);
#print Dumper($data);
#print "\n##############################################\n";
print Dumper(\@list);

它的出局是，

$VAR1 = [
          'VLAN0001
  Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp

Interface           Role Sts Cost      Prio.Nbr Type
------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
PE8/1             Desg FWD 2         128.2945 P2p Edge
Ta579               Desg FWD 3         128.5761 P2p Edge

VLAN0023
  Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp

Interface           Role Sts Cost      Prio.Nbr Type
------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
PE8/1             Desg FWD 2         128.2945 P2p Edge
Ta579               Desg FWD 3         128.5761 P2p Edge

ACCOUNT
  Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp

Interface           Role Sts Cost      Prio.Nbr Type
------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
Ta579               Desg FWD 1         128.5764 P2p'
        ];

我需要输出（@list）as，

$VAR1 = [
          'VLAN0001
  Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp

Interface           Role Sts Cost      Prio.Nbr Type
------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
PE8/1             Desg FWD 2         128.2945 P2p Edge
Ta579               Desg FWD 3         128.5761 P2p Edge

',
          'VLAN0023
  Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp

Interface           Role Sts Cost      Prio.Nbr Type
------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
PE8/1             Desg FWD 2         128.2945 P2p Edge
Ta579               Desg FWD 3         128.5761 P2p Edge

',
          'ACCOUNT
  Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp

Interface           Role Sts Cost      Prio.Nbr Type
------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
Ta579               Desg FWD 1         128.5764 P2p'
        ];

有趣的是，我在@list中获得了正确的值，输入是以字符串形式提供的，而不是从文件中读取。

Answer 1

有时正则表达式不是唯一的解决方案：

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use Data::Dumper;

my $inc = -1;
my @list;

my $filename = "spanning-tree1.txt";
open my $fh, '<', $filename or die "error opening $filename: $!";

while (<$fh>) {
    /^[A-Z0-9]+\s*$/ and $inc++;
    $list[$inc] .= $_;
}
print Dumper(\@list);
close $fh;

Answer 2

您可以在行的开头拆分整个字符串，后跟数字和大写字母

my @list = split /(?= ^[A-Z0-9]+\s*$ )/mx, do { local $/; <DATA> };

Perl正则表达式无法匹配行尾

2 个答案: