使用不同的类型序列化/反序列化System.Object

时间:2014-12-08 20:27:08

标签: c# .net json serialization json.net

我想知道如何为以下类实现自定义序列化程序/反序列化程序:

[JsonConverter(typeof(UnderlyingTypeConverter))]
public class ZoneProgramInput
{
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public Subject<object> InputSubject { get; }
    private IDisposable InputDisposable { get; set; }
    public Type Type { get; set; }
    public object Value { get; set; }
}

要求是我想使用属性Value 中存储的类型序列化/反序列化属性Type(类型为对象),而不是类型object。如果我有以下代码:

var zpi = new ZoneProgramInput() { Type = typeof(System.Drawing.Color), Value = System.Drawing.Color.Red };
var serializedZpi = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(zpi);
var deserializedZpi = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<ZoneProgramInput>(serializedZpi);

变量deserializedZpi包含反序列化的zpi实例,deserialized.Value应为System.Drawing.Color 类型。如果没有自定义转换器,则会将其反序列化为字符串而不是System.Drawing.Color。作为一个注释,我只是随意选择了System.Drawing.Color。这种类型可以是任何类型。

我有一个名为UnderlyingTypeConverter的转换器类(在上面的代码中设置为ZoneProgramInput的转换器):

public class UnderlyingTypeConverter : JsonConverter
{
    public override void WriteJson(JsonWriter writer, object value, JsonSerializer serializer)
    {

    }

    public override object ReadJson(JsonReader reader, Type objectType, object existingValue, JsonSerializer serializer)
    {

    }

    public override bool CanConvert(Type objectType)
    {
        return objectType == typeof(ZoneProgramInput);
    }
}

我应该在ReadJson / WriteJson方法中填写什么,以确保Value属性使用Type属性中存储的类型序列化和反序列化?我是尝试浏览Google和StackOverflow以获取ReadJson / WriteJson的示例,但我没有找到任何可以帮助我以这种方式找到类型的内容。感谢您的帮助。

PS:我知道我可以使用泛型,但我已经尝试过了。使ZoneProgramInput采用泛型类型参数,并使该类型的Value仍然将Value序列化/反序列化为字符串。我也尝试使用C#dynamic关键字,结果相同。另外,TypeNameHandling显然不适用于定义为对象类型的东西。它只是将它们序列化为字符串而不是对象。

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

你需要做到这一点真是太遗憾了,但我真的没有办法解决这个问题。这是一个应该工作的转换器:

public class UnderlyingTypeConverter : JsonConverter
{
    public override void WriteJson(
        JsonWriter writer, object value, JsonSerializer serializer)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }

    public override object ReadJson(
        JsonReader reader,
        Type objectType,
        object existingValue,
        JsonSerializer serializer)
    {
        var result = new ZoneProgramInput();

        // Deserialize into a temporary JObject
        JObject obj = serializer.Deserialize<JObject>(reader);

        // Populate the ZoneProgramInput object with the contents
        serializer.Populate(obj.CreateReader(), result);

        // Overwrite the "Value" property with the correct value based on the 
        // "Type" property.
        result.Value = 
            obj.GetValue("value", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
               .ToObject(result.Type, serializer);

        return result;
    }

    public override bool CanConvert(Type objectType)
    {
        return objectType == typeof(ZoneProgramInput);
    }

    public override bool CanWrite
    {
        get { return false; }
    }
}

示例: https://dotnetfiddle.net/Zv57R8

答案 1 :(得分:0)

我正在使用这种方式来序列化System.Object,它可以是不同的类型(可以对其进行修改以支持对象的组合)。

请注意,如果该System.Object中可能存在的所有对象都有某些基类/接口,请使用它代替对象并启用此选项:https://www.newtonsoft.com/json/help/html/SerializeTypeNameHandling.htm

这里是针对System.Object的情况:

public class SerializeMe
{
    [JsonConverter(typeof(ObjectJsonConverter))]
    public JsoSerializableObjectContainer VisualData { get; set; } = new JsoSerializableObjectContainer();
}

public class JsoSerializableObjectContainer
{
    public string ObjectTypeAssemblyName { get; set; }
    public string ObjectTypeName { get; set; }
    public string ObjectTypeData { get; set; }
    [JsonIgnore]
    public object Data { get; set; }
}

public class ObjectJsonConverter : JsonConverter
{
    private static Assembly[] _assemblies;

    public override void WriteJson(JsonWriter writer, object value, JsonSerializer serializer)
    {
        var dataObj = (JsoSerializableObjectContainer) value;

        if (dataObj?.Data == null)
            return;

        var objType = dataObj.Data.GetType();
        dataObj.ObjectTypeName = objType.FullName;
        dataObj.ObjectTypeAssemblyName = objType.Assembly.FullName;
        dataObj.ObjectTypeData = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(dataObj.Data);

        var ser = JsonSerializer.Create();
        ser.Serialize(writer, dataObj);
    }

    public override object ReadJson(JsonReader reader, Type objectType, object existingValue, JsonSerializer serializer)
    {
        var jsonSerializer = JsonSerializer.Create();
        var container = jsonSerializer.Deserialize<JsoSerializableObjectContainer>(reader);

        if (container != null)
        {
            if (_assemblies == null)
            {
                _assemblies = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies();
            }

            var assembly = _assemblies.Single(t => t.FullName == container.ObjectTypeAssemblyName);
            var deserializationType = assembly.GetType(container.ObjectTypeName);

            if (deserializationType == null)
            {
                throw new JsonException(
                    $"Can't find type for object deserialization {container.ObjectTypeName}"); //Probably type was deleted from code
            }

            var myObject = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(container.ObjectTypeData, deserializationType);
            container.Data = myObject;
            return container;
        }

        return null;
    }

    public override bool CanConvert(Type objectType)
    {
        return objectType == typeof(JsoSerializableObjectContainer);
    }
}

测试代码:

        var ser = new SerializeMe();
        ser.VisualData.Data = (int)1;
        var serializationResult = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(ser);
        var deserializedObject = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<SerializeMe>(serializationResult);


        ser.VisualData.Data = new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 1, 2, 3);
        serializationResult = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(ser);
        deserializedObject = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<SerializeMe>(serializationResult);

注意:只能使用objType.AssemblyQualifiedName中的第二个,而不是ObjectTypeAssemblyName和ObjectTypeName,但是它可能会失败,因为它还会在搜索类型时检查程序集版本。并且在更新软件包或dll版本更改后,将无法找到类型。