Question

这可能很明显，但是如何对Ansible中的一组服务器执行操作（这是使用EC2插件）？

我可以创建我的实例：

---
- hosts: 127.0.0.1
  connection: local
 - name: Launch instances
      local_action:
        module: ec2
        region: us-west-1
        group: cassandra
        keypair: cassandra
        instance_type: t2.micro
        image: ami-4b6f650e
        count: 1
        wait: yes
      register: cass_ec2

我可以将实例放入标签中：

   - name: Add tag to instances
      local_action: ec2_tag resource={{ item.id }} region=us-west-1 state=present
      with_items: cass_ec2.instances
      args:
        tags:
          Name: cassandra

现在，让我们说我想在每台服务器上运行一个操作：

# This does not work - It runs the command on localhost
- name: TEST - touch file
  file: path=/test.txt state=touch
  with_items: cass_ec2.instances

如何针对刚创建的远程实例运行命令？

Answer 1

为了仅针对新创建的服务器运行，我使用一个临时组名，并通过在同一个剧本中使用第二个游戏来执行以下操作：

- hosts: localhost
  tasks:
    - name: run your ec2 create a server code here
      ...
      register: cass_ec2

    - name: add host to inventory
      add_host: name={{ item.private_ip }} groups=newinstances
      with_items: cas_ec2.instances

- hosts: newinstances
  tasks:
    - name: do some fun stuff on the new instances here

或者，如果您始终标记所有服务器（如果您还必须区分生产和开发，则使用多个标记;并且您还使用ec2.py作为动态库存脚本;并且您正在针对所有服务器运行此服务器第二个剧本中的服务器运行，然后您可以轻松地执行以下操作：

- hosts: tag_Name_cassandra
  tasks:
    - name: run your cassandra specific tasks here

我个人也在上面使用模式标记（tag_mode_production vs tag_mode_development）并强制Ansible仅在特定模式（开发）中运行特定类型的服务器（在您的情况下为Name = cassandra）。这看起来如下：

- hosts: tag_Name_cassandra:&tag_mode_development

请确保正确指定标记名称和值 - 它区分大小写......

Answer 2

请使用以下playbook模式在同一时间在单个playbook中执行这两个操作（意味着很多ec2实例并在其上执行某些任务）。

这是执行以下任务的工作剧本，这个剧本假设您在运行剧本的同一目录中有hosts文件：

---
  - name: Provision an EC2 Instance
    hosts: local
    connection: local
    gather_facts: False
    tags: provisioning
    # Necessary Variables for creating/provisioning the EC2 Instance
    vars:
      instance_type: t1.micro
      security_group: cassandra
      image: ami-4b6f650e
      region: us-west-1
      keypair: cassandra
      count: 1

    # Task that will be used to Launch/Create an EC2 Instance
    tasks:

      - name: Launch the new EC2 Instance
        local_action: ec2 
                      group={{ security_group }} 
                      instance_type={{ instance_type}} 
                      image={{ image }} 
                      wait=true 
                      region={{ region }} 
                      keypair={{ keypair }}
                      count={{count}}
        register: ec2

      - name: Add the newly created EC2 instance(s) to the local host group (located inside the directory)
        local_action: lineinfile 
                      dest="./hosts" 
                      regexp={{ item.public_ip }} 
                      insertafter="[cassandra]" line={{ item.public_ip }}
        with_items: ec2.instances


      - name: Wait for SSH to come up
        local_action: wait_for 
                      host={{ item.public_ip }} 
                      port=22 
                      state=started
        with_items: ec2.instances

      - name: Add tag to Instance(s)
        local_action: ec2_tag resource={{ item.id }} region={{ region }} state=present
        with_items: ec2.instances
        args:
          tags:
            Name: cassandra

      - name: SSH to the EC2 Instance(s)
        add_host: hostname={{ item.public_ip }} groupname=cassandra
        with_items: ec2.instances

  - name: Install these things on Newly created EC2 Instance(s)
    hosts: cassandra
    sudo: True 
    remote_user: ubuntu # Please change the username here,like root or ec2-user, as I am supposing that you are lauching ubuntu instance
    gather_facts: True
    # Run these tasks  
    tasks:
      - name: TEST - touch file
        file: path=/test.txt state=touch

您的主机文件应如下所示：

[local]
localhost

[cassandra]

现在你可以像这样运行这个剧本：

ansible-playbook -i hosts ec2_launch.yml

Ansible EC2 - 对一组实例执行操作

2 个答案: