我喜欢在C#中使用的一个简单技巧是覆盖ToString()
,以便调试器在监视窗口中显示开发人员指定的,人类可读的字符串。这真的很方便。
目前,我正在调试一个256字节的数据包,这是ModBus / TCP的一个轻微变体。我不想在监视窗口中查看256个数组索引,而是希望看到类似“transaction_id_high”,“transaction_id_low”等的内容,其中映射为1:1,因为字段是在结构中定义的。
当我尝试将(ModBusPacket)response_buffer
放入观察窗口以查看会发生什么时,它会回复Cannot convert type 'byte[]' to 'ModBusPacket'
。
有没有人试过这样做并成功了?
ModBusPacket:
public struct ModBusPacket
{
char transaction_id_high;
char transaction_id_low;
char protocol_id_high;
char protocol_id_low;
char unit_id;
char function_code;
char sub_unit_id;
char[] data;
}
字节数组仅仅是
byte[] response_buffer = new byte[256];
答案 0 :(得分:1)
如果您的数据包基于this,我建议不要使用char
来表示字节,因为c#中的char
是16位数字(序数)值。相反,我建议将byte
用于8位无符号值,将UInt16
用于16位无符号值。然后你可以这样做:
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct ModBusPacket
{
// http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modbus#Frame_format
// The byte order is Big-Endian (first byte contains MSB).
public const bool IsLittleEndian = false;
public UInt16 TransactionIdentifier;
public UInt16 ProtocolIdentifier;
public UInt16 Length;
public byte UnitIdentifier;
public byte FunctionCode;
public byte[] Data;
static int PostIncrement(ref int index, int inc)
{
int old = index;
index += inc;
return old;
}
static byte[] ElementArray(byte[] buffer, ref byte[] swapBuffer, ref int index, int size)
{
if (swapBuffer == null || swapBuffer.Length < size)
Array.Resize(ref swapBuffer, size);
Array.Copy(buffer, PostIncrement(ref index, size), swapBuffer, 0, size);
if (BitConverter.IsLittleEndian != IsLittleEndian)
Array.Reverse(swapBuffer);
return swapBuffer;
}
public ModBusPacket(byte[] buffer)
{
int pos = 0;
byte[] swapBuffer = null;
TransactionIdentifier = (buffer.Length >= pos + 2 ? BitConverter.ToUInt16(ElementArray(buffer, ref swapBuffer, ref pos, 2), 0) : (UInt16)0);
ProtocolIdentifier = (buffer.Length >= pos + 2 ? BitConverter.ToUInt16(ElementArray(buffer, ref swapBuffer, ref pos, 2), 0) : (UInt16)0);
Length = (buffer.Length >= pos + 2 ? BitConverter.ToUInt16(ElementArray(buffer, ref swapBuffer, ref pos, 2), 0) : (UInt16)0);
UnitIdentifier = (buffer.Length >= pos + 1 ? buffer[PostIncrement(ref pos, 1)] : (byte)0);
FunctionCode = (buffer.Length >= pos + 1 ? buffer[PostIncrement(ref pos, 1)] : (byte)0);
var length = Math.Max(buffer.Length - pos, 0);
Data = new byte[length];
if (length > 0)
Array.Copy(buffer, pos, Data, 0, length);
}
public override string ToString()
{
return ObjectExtensions.ToStringWithReflection(this);
}
}
public static class ObjectExtensions
{
public static string ToStringWithReflection<T>(this T obj)
{
if (obj == null)
return string.Empty;
var type = obj.GetType();
var fields = type.GetFields();
var properties = type.GetProperties().Where(p => p.GetIndexParameters().Length == 0 && p.GetGetMethod(true) != null);
var values = new List<KeyValuePair<string, object>>();
Array.ForEach(fields, (field) => values.Add(new KeyValuePair<string, object>(field.Name, field.GetValue(obj))));
foreach (var property in properties)
if (property.CanRead)
values.Add(new KeyValuePair<string, object>(property.Name, property.GetValue(obj, null)));
return values.Aggregate(new StringBuilder(), (s, pair) => (s.Length == 0 ? s.Append("{").Append(obj.GetType().Name).Append(": ") : s.Append("; ")).Append(pair)).Append("}").ToString();
}
}
完成此操作后,在即时窗口中,您可以在即时窗口或观察窗口中键入buffer.ToPacket()
并查看格式化数据。或者你可以使用conversion operator将你的字节数组转换为ModBusPacket
,如果那样更有吸引力的话。