Question

我写了以下代码：

Function find_results_idle()

    Public iRaw As Integer
    Public iColumn As Integer
    iRaw = 1
    iColumn = 1

我收到错误消息：

“Sub或Function中的无效属性”

你知道我做错了吗？

我尝试使用Global代替Public，但遇到了同样的问题。

我试图将函数本身声明为`Public，但这也没有用。

创建全局变量需要做什么？

Answer 1

您需要在函数外声明变量：

Public iRaw As Integer
Public iColumn As Integer

Function find_results_idle()
    iRaw = 1
    iColumn = 1

Answer 2

这是关于scope的问题。

如果您只希望变量持续函数的生命周期，请在函数或子函数内使用Dim（ Dimension 的缩写）来声明变量：

Function AddSomeNumbers() As Integer
    Dim intA As Integer
    Dim intB As Integer
    intA = 2
    intB = 3
    AddSomeNumbers = intA + intB
End Function
'intA and intB are no longer available since the function ended

使用Public关键字在函数外部声明全局变量（如SLaks指出的那样）。此变量将在运行的应用程序的生命周期中可用。对于Excel，这意味着只要特定的Excel工作簿处于打开状态，变量就可用。

Public intA As Integer
Private intB As Integer

Function AddSomeNumbers() As Integer
    intA = 2
    intB = 3
    AddSomeNumbers = intA + intB
End Function
'intA and intB are still both available.  However, because intA is public,  '
'it can also be referenced from code in other modules. Because intB is private,'
'it will be hidden from other modules.

您还可以使用Private关键字声明变量，这些变量只能在特定模块（或类）中访问。

如果您正在构建一个大型应用程序并且觉得需要使用全局变量，我建议您为全局变量创建一个单独的模块。这可以帮助您在一个地方跟踪它们。

Answer 3

要使用全局变量，请从VBA项目UI插入新模块并使用Global

声明变量

Global iRaw As Integer
Global iColumn As Integer

Answer 4

如果此函数在模块/类中，您可以在函数外部编写它们，因此它具有Global Scope。全局范围意味着变量可以被同一模块/类中的另一个函数访问（如果使用dim作为声明语句，如果你想要变量可以使用public由所有模块中的所有功能访问）：

Dim iRaw As Integer
Dim iColumn As Integer

Function find_results_idle()
    iRaw = 1
    iColumn = 1
End Function

Function this_can_access_global()
    iRaw = 2
    iColumn = 2
End Function

Answer 5

问题在于范围，正如另一个人所说的那样。

简而言之，请考虑这个“模块”：

Public Var1 As variant     'Var1 can be used in all
                           'modules, class modules and userforms of 
                           'thisworkbook and will preserve any values
                           'assigned to it until either the workbook
                           'is closed or the project is reset.

Dim Var2 As Variant        'Var2 and Var3 can be used anywhere on the
Private Var3 As Variant    ''current module and will preserve any values
                           ''they're assigned until either the workbook
                           ''is closed or the project is reset.

Sub MySub()                'Var4 can only be used within the procedure MySub
    Dim Var4 as Variant    ''and will only store values until the procedure 
End Sub                    ''ends.

Sub MyOtherSub()           'You can even declare another Var4 within a
    Dim Var4 as Variant    ''different procedure without generating an
End Sub                    ''error (only possible confusion).

您可以查看此MSDN reference以获取有关变量声明的更多信息，另请参阅此Stack Overflow Question，了解有关变量如何超出范围的更多信息。

另外两件快事：

在使用工作簿级别变量时进行组织，因此您的代码不会混淆。首选功能（使用正确的数据类型）或传递参数 ByRef 。
如果您希望变量在调用之间保留其值，则可以使用静态语句。

Answer 6

在“一般声明”中创建一个公共整数。

然后在您的功能中，您可以每次增加其值。请参阅示例（将电子邮件的附件保存为CSV的功能）。

Public Numerator As Integer

Public Sub saveAttachtoDisk(itm As Outlook.MailItem)
Dim objAtt As Outlook.Attachment
Dim saveFolder As String
Dim FileName As String

saveFolder = "c:\temp\"

     For Each objAtt In itm.Attachments
            FileName = objAtt.DisplayName & "_" & Numerator & "_" & Format(Now, "yyyy-mm-dd H-mm-ss") & ".CSV"
                      objAtt.SaveAsFile saveFolder & "\" & FileName
                      Numerator = Numerator + 1

          Set objAtt = Nothing
     Next
End Sub

Answer 7

创建Public / Global变量的一种好方法是将Form视为类对象，并声明属性，然后使用Public Property Get [variable]访问属性/方法。另外，您可能需要引用或将引用传递给实例化的Form模块。如果对关闭的表单/报表调用方法，则会出错。
示例：将Me.Form.Module.Parent传递到sub / function而不是表单内部。

Option Compare Database 
Option Explicit
''***********************************''
' Name: Date: Created Date Author: Name 
' Current Version: 1.0
' Called by: 
''***********************************''
' Notes: Explain Who what when why... 
' This code Example requires properties to be filled in 
''***********************************''
' Global Variables
Public GlobalData As Variant
''***********************************''
' Private Variables
Private ObjectReference As Object
Private ExampleVariable As Variant
Private ExampleData As Variant
''***********************************''
' Public properties
Public Property Get ObjectVariable() As Object
   Set ObjectVariable = ObjectReference
End Property 
Public Property Get Variable1() As Variant 
  'Recommend using variants to avoid data errors
  Variable1 = ExampleVariable
End property
''***********************************''
' Public Functions that return values
Public Function DataReturn (Input As Variant) As Variant
   DataReturn = ExampleData + Input
End Function 
''***********************************''
' Public Sub Routines
Public Sub GlobalMethod() 
   'call local Functions/Subs outside of form
   Me.Form.Refresh
End Sub
''***********************************''
' Private Functions/Subs used not visible outside 
''***********************************''
End Code

因此，在其他模块中，您将可以访问：

Public Sub Method1(objForm as Object)
   'read/write data value
   objForm.GlobalData
   'Get object reference (need to add Public Property Set to change reference object)
   objForm.ObjectVariable
   'read only (needs Public property Let to change value)
   objForm.Variable1
   'Gets result of function with input
   objForm.DataReturn([Input])
   'runs sub/function from outside of normal scope
   objForm.GlobalMethod
End Sub

如果像我一样使用后期绑定，则在尝试执行任何处理之前，始终会检查Null值和Nothing对象。

Answer 8

您也可以使用-

Private Const SrlNumber As Integer = 910

Private Sub Workbook_Open()
    If SrlNumber > 900 Then
        MsgBox "This serial number is valid"
    Else
        MsgBox "This serial number is not valid"
    End If
End Sub

已在Office 2010中进行了测试

如何在VBA中声明全局变量？

8 个答案: