在Javascript中乘以2个矩阵

时间:2014-11-29 17:36:46

标签: javascript arrays matrix matrix-multiplication

我正在做一个乘以2个矩阵的函数。矩阵将始终具有相同的行数和列数。 (2x2,5x5,23x23,......)

当我打印它时,它不起作用。为什么呢?

例如,如果我创建两个2x2矩阵:

矩阵matrixA:

[1][2]

[3][4]

matrixB:

[5][6]

[7][8]

结果应为:

[19][22]

[43][50]

http://ncalculators.com/matrix/2x2-matrix-multiplication-calculator.htm

但是,我明白了:

[19][undefined]

[22][indefined]



function multiplyMatrix(matrixA, matrixB)
{
    var result = new Array();//declare an array   

    //var numColsRows=$("#matrixRC").val();
    numColsRows=2;
    
    //iterating through first matrix rows
    for (var i = 0; i < numColsRows; i++) 
    {
        //iterating through second matrix columns
        for (var j = 0; j < numColsRows; j++) 
        { 
            var matrixRow = new Array();//declare an array
            var rrr = new Array();
            var resu = new Array();
            //calculating sum of pairwise products
            for (var k = 0; k < numColsRows; k++) 
            {
                rrr.push(parseInt(matrixA[i][k])*parseInt(matrixB[k][j]));
            }//for 3
            resu.push(parseInt(rrr[i])+parseInt(rrr[i+1]));

            result.push(resu);
            //result.push(matrixRow);
        }//for 2
    }//for 1
    return result;
}// function multiplyMatrix
&#13;
&#13;
&#13;

10 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:12)

您对各种临时阵列感到困惑。 undefined值是由最内层循环下面的行上的越界访问引起的。

我建议您坚持为乘法结果制作单个数组。正如您可能意识到的那样,遗憾的是JavaScript并不允许您初始化多维数组。要制作二维数组,必须初始化一维数组,然后迭代其元素并将每个数组初始化为一维数组。

&#13;
&#13;
function multiply(a, b) {
  var aNumRows = a.length, aNumCols = a[0].length,
      bNumRows = b.length, bNumCols = b[0].length,
      m = new Array(aNumRows);  // initialize array of rows
  for (var r = 0; r < aNumRows; ++r) {
    m[r] = new Array(bNumCols); // initialize the current row
    for (var c = 0; c < bNumCols; ++c) {
      m[r][c] = 0;             // initialize the current cell
      for (var i = 0; i < aNumCols; ++i) {
        m[r][c] += a[r][i] * b[i][c];
      }
    }
  }
  return m;
}

function display(m) {
  for (var r = 0; r < m.length; ++r) {
    document.write('&nbsp;&nbsp;'+m[r].join(' ')+'<br />');
  }
}

var a = [[8, 3], [2, 4], [3, 6]],
    b = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 6, 8]];
document.write('matrix a:<br />');
display(a);
document.write('matrix b:<br />');
display(b);
document.write('a * b =<br />');
display(multiply(a, b));
&#13;
&#13;
&#13;

答案 1 :(得分:8)

你可以使用来自http://tech.pro/tutorial/1527/matrix-multiplication-in-functional-javascript的multiplyMatrices()函数,它就像魅力一样。示例(您可以使用console.table()在Chrome和Firefox控制台中打印带样式的矩阵):

&#13;
&#13;
function multiplyMatrices(m1, m2) {
    var result = [];
    for (var i = 0; i < m1.length; i++) {
        result[i] = [];
        for (var j = 0; j < m2[0].length; j++) {
            var sum = 0;
            for (var k = 0; k < m1[0].length; k++) {
                sum += m1[i][k] * m2[k][j];
            }
            result[i][j] = sum;
        }
    }
    return result;
}

var m1 = [[1,2],[3,4]]
var m2 = [[5,6],[7,8]]

var mResult = multiplyMatrices(m1, m2)

/*In Google Chrome and Firefox you can do:*/

console.table(mResult) /* it shows the matrix in a table */
&#13;
&#13;
&#13;

Result matrix in console.table()

答案 2 :(得分:7)

我知道这是一个老问题,但我建议切换到我的答案。

  

我的解决方案获得了良好的效果,因为它使用Map Reduce   功能

&#13;
&#13;
//The chosen one
function matrixDot (A, B) {
    var result = new Array(A.length).fill(0).map(row => new Array(B[0].length).fill(0));

    return result.map((row, i) => {
        return row.map((val, j) => {
            return A[i].reduce((sum, elm, k) => sum + (elm*B[k][j]) ,0)
        })
    })
}

var print = m => m.forEach(r => document.write(`&nbsp;&nbsp;${r.join(' ')}<br/>`)) 

var a = [[8, 3], [2, 4], [3, 6]]
var b = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 6, 8]]

document.write('matrix a:<br />');
print(a);
document.write('matrix b:<br />');
print(b);
document.write('a * b =<br />');
print(matrixDot(a,b));
&#13;
&#13;
&#13;

答案 3 :(得分:2)

对于那些对纯功能解决方案感兴趣的人:

let MatrixProd = (A, B) =>
  A.map((row, i) =>
    B[0].map((_, j) =>
      row.reduce((acc, _, n) =>
        acc + A[i][n] * B[n][j], 0
      )
    )
  )

浏览器的测试代码:

let A = [[8, 3], [2, 4], [3, 6]];
let B = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 6, 8]];
console.table(MatrixProd(A,B));

答案 4 :(得分:1)

如果你想要去疯狂路线,你也可以对现在在一些现代浏览器中提供的WebGL设施中的顶点变换做些什么。

不确定这是否会像在OpenCL中接近矢量转换一样工作(**实际上它们是类型等效/可互操作的),但总体思路是:

  • 将您的值添加到缓冲区

  • “假装”它是一个顶点数组

  • 使用GPU引擎转换大量数据

  • 从向量中检索修订后的值

(见这里的演示) http://www.html5rocks.com/en/tutorials/webgl/webgl_transforms/

只是通常的循环回路方法的替代方案。说实话,有点小提琴,因为OpenCL就是为这种事而设计的

在OpenCL 1.2规范中,OpenGL的顶点缓冲区可以使用OpenCL加载和转换(参见。https://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/opencl-and-opengl-interoperability-tutorial

答案 5 :(得分:1)

您可以使用动态编程通过动态编程解决此问题。它是一个描述优化技术的术语,您可以在其中缓存先前计算的结果,并在再次需要相同的计算时返回缓存的结果。

        let mat1 = [[1, 2, 3], [2, 1, 2]];

        let mat2 = [[1, 2], [1, 2], [1, 2]];

        function matrixMulti(x, y) {
          let saveComputation = {};
          let finalMat = [],
               length=x.length,
               length1 =  y[0].length,
               length2 =  y.length;
          for (let i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            finalMat.push([]);
            for (let j = 0; j < length1; j++) {
              finalMat[i][j] = 0;
              for (let k = 0; k < length2; k++) {
    // check if we already computed this calculation or not
                if (saveComputation[y[k][j] + '*' + x[i][k]] || saveComputation[x[i][k] + '*' + y[k][j]]) {
                  finalMat[i][j] = finalMat[i][j] + saveComputation[y[k][j] + '*' + x[i][k]];
                } else {
// save if not computed
                  saveComputation[x[i][k] + '*' + y[k][j]] = x[i][k] * y[k][j]; // check format below how it is saved.
                  saveComputation[y[k][j] + '*' + x[i][k]] = x[i][k] * y[k][j];
                  finalMat[i][j] = finalMat[i][j] + saveComputation[y[k][j] + '*' + x[i][k]];
                }
              }
            }
          }

          console.log(finalMat);
        }

        matrixMulti(mat1, mat2);

对于 saveComputation 的上述输入值将为

{ '1*1': 1,
  '2*1': 2,
  '1*2': 2,
  '3*1': 3,
  '1*3': 3,
  '2*2': 4,
  '3*2': 6,
  '2*3': 6 }

答案 6 :(得分:0)

这是我的带有数学错误处理功能的ES6解决方案:

const matrixDot = (A, B) => {
  // Math error handling
  const matrices = [A, B];
  const cols = matrices.map((item) => item[0].length);
  if (!matrices.every((item, i) => item.every((row) => row.length === cols[i])))
    return console.error('All rows in a matrix must have equal amount of columns');
  else if (cols[0] !== B.length)
    return console.error(
      'Amount of columns in the 1st matrix must match amount of rows in the 2nd matrix'
    );
  // Calculations
  return A.map((rowA) =>
    B[0].map((_, colBIndex) =>
      rowA.reduce((acc, itemA, rowBIndex) => acc + itemA * B[rowBIndex][colBIndex], 0)
    )
  );
};

// Example
const A = [
  [3, 2, 5],
  [6, 4, 1],
];
const B = [
  [2, 6],
  [5, 3],
  [1, 4],
];
console.log(matrixDot(A, B));
// [ [21, 44],
//   [33, 52] ]

如果要添加书签,请在这里gist

希望对您有所帮助;)

答案 7 :(得分:0)

此版本将行存储为临时行,从而减少了有效的索引查找量。通过此benchmark,与不存储行的版本相比,实现的性能几乎快2倍。

function multiply(a, b) {
    let aRows = a.length;
    let aCols = a[0].length;
    let bCols = b[0].length;
    let result = new Array(aRows); 
    for (let r = 0; r < aRows; ++r) {
        const row = new Array(bCols);
        result[r] = row;
        const ar = a[r];
        for (let c = 0; c < bCols; ++c) {
            let sum = 0.;     
            for (let i = 0; i < aCols; ++i) {
                sum += ar[i] * b[i][c];
            }
            row[c] = sum;  
        }
    }
    return result;
}

const m = multiply(
        [[8, 3], [2, 4], [3, 6]],
        [[1, 2, 3], [4, 6, 8]]
    );
console.log(m);
function display(m) {
    for (var r = 0; r < m.length; ++r) {
        document.write('&nbsp;&nbsp;'+m[r].join(' ')+'<br />');
    }
}

var a = [[8, 3], [2, 4], [3, 6]],
    b = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 6, 8]];
document.write('matrix a:<br />');
display(a);
document.write('matrix b:<br />');
display(b);
document.write('a * b =<br />');
display(multiply(a, b));

答案 8 :(得分:0)

const getDot = (arrA, arrB, row, col) => {
    return arrA[row].map((val, i) => (val * arrB[i][col]))
  .reduce((valA, valB) => valA + valB);
}

const multiplyMatricies = (a, b) => {
    let matrixShape = new Array(a.length).fill(0)
      .map(() => new Array(b[0].length).fill(0));
        return matrixShape.map((row, i) =>
          row.map((val, j) => getDot(a, b, i, j)));
      }

    const arrA = [
      [1, 3, 0],
      [2, 1, 1]
    ];
    const arrB = [
      [1, 2, 0, 1],
      [2, 3, 1, 2],
      [1, 2, 1, 1]
    ];

    let product = multiplyMatricies(arrA, arrB);
    console.log("product:", product);

答案 9 :(得分:-6)

  

npm install express

     

node server.js

var express = require('express');
var app = express();


var A=new Array(3);
var B=new Array(3);
var preA = [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,7, 8, 9 ];
var preB = [ 1,1 ,1,2,2, 2,3, 3, 3 ];

//#########################preparing blank 3*3 matrix A and B###############
for(i=0;i<3;i++){
    A[i]=new Array(3);
    B[i]=new Array(3);
}



//#####################Assigning values to matrix places from predefine arrays preA and preB #####
var k=0;
for(i=0;i<3;i++){
    for(j=0;j<3;j++){

        A[i][j]=preA[k];
        B[i][j]=preB[k];
        k++;
    }
};


console.log('################################');
console.log('First matrix:');
console.log(A[0]);
console.log(A[1]);
console.log(A[2]);
console.log('');
console.log('################################');
console.log('Second matrix:');
console.log(B[0]);
console.log(B[1]);
console.log(B[2]);

//###################### multiplication logic as disscussed ################
var result =[];
 for (var i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
        result[i] = new Array(3);
        for (var j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
            var sum = 0;
            for (var k = 0; k < 3; k++) {
                sum += A[i][k] * B[k][j];
            }
            result[i][j] = sum;
        }
    }
console.log('');
console.log('################################');
console.log('################################');
console.log('After Multiplication');

console.log(result[0]);
console.log(result[1]);
console.log(result[2]);



app.listen(9999);