当我从NavigationDrawer
中选择一个项目并使用Fragment
添加新的FragmentTransaction
时,它不会替换Activity
的布局而我不能找出原因!
这是我的Activity
:
<android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:id="@+id/drawer_layout"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<FrameLayout
android:id="@+id/content_frame"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" >
<!-- The main content view -->
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium"
android:text="Location:"
android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
android:id="@+id/tv_disploc"
/>
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium"
android:text="Temperature:"
android:id="@+id/tv_disptemp"
android:layout_below="@+id/tv_disploc"
android:layout_marginTop="44dp" />
<Button
style="?android:attr/buttonStyleSmall"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Search"
android:onClick="ButtonClick"
android:id="@+id/btn_search"
android:layout_below="@+id/et_inloc"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
android:layout_marginTop="37dp"
android:layout_gravity="center" />
<EditText
android:layout_width="174dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="@+id/et_inloc"
android:layout_centerVertical="true"
android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/tv_dispsearch"
android:layout_gravity="center" />
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge"
android:text="Search:"
android:id="@+id/tv_dispsearch"
android:layout_centerVertical="true"
android:layout_gravity="left|center_vertical" />
<EditText
android:layout_width="126dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="@+id/et_outtemp"
android:layout_below="@+id/et_outloc"
android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/tv_disptemp"
android:layout_marginTop="30dp"
android:layout_marginLeft="30dp"
android:clickable="false"
android:cursorVisible="false"
android:focusable="false"
android:focusableInTouchMode="false"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal|top" />
<EditText
android:layout_width="135dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="@+id/et_outloc"
android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/tv_disploc"
android:layout_marginLeft="30dp"
android:clickable="false"
android:cursorVisible="false"
android:focusable="false"
android:focusableInTouchMode="false"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal|top" />
</FrameLayout>
<!-- The navigation drawer -->
<ListView android:id="@+id/left_drawer"
android:layout_width="240dp"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_gravity="start"
android:choiceMode="singleChoice"
android:divider="@android:color/transparent"
android:dividerHeight="0dp"
android:background="#111"/>
</android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout>
这是我要显示的Fragment
:
<LinearLayout
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:id="@+id/fragment_option"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:fitsSystemWindows="true"
android:minWidth="1000dp"
android:minHeight="1000dp">
android:weightSum="1">
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge"
android:text="Select your Default Location"
android:layout_marginTop="100dp"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
android:id="@+id/textView" />
<Spinner
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="@+id/spinner_locations"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal" />
</LinearLayout>
有人可以告诉我这里缺少什么吗?
答案 0 :(得分:5)
我认为你可能对活动和碎片有一些误解。一般规则是:
在Fragments中构建用户界面(在大多数情况下,一个
Fragment
等于一个 屏幕)然后使用活动来安排和显示这些 片段。
Activity
的典型NavigationDrawer
布局如下所示:
<android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="@+id/drawer_layout"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<!-- The main content view -->
<!-- This is the placeholder for your Fragments -->
<!-- You can display your Fragments here with FragmentTransactions -->
<FrameLayout
android:id="@+id/flFragmentPlaceHolder"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" />
<!-- The navigation drawer -->
<!-- It would even be better practice to use a Fragment here as well -->
<!-- But since the Google Tutorials just use a ListView here I will as well -->
<ListView android:id="@+id/lvDrawer"
android:layout_width="240dp"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_gravity="start"
android:choiceMode="singleChoice"
android:divider="@android:color/transparent"
android:dividerHeight="0dp"
android:background="#111"/>
</android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout>
除了Fragments的占位符和NavigationDrawer
的必要部分之外,其他任何内容都不应该在该布局中。如果你在Activity
的当前状态下使用该布局,那么除了可以从左边拉入的NavigationDrawer
之外,它基本上会显示一个空白屏幕。您构建的任何用户界面都将在稍后通过Fragments添加。
要在该布局中显示Fragment
,您必须执行FragmentTransaction
。您可以在一个Fragments
中添加,替换,删除,显示或隐藏多个FragmentTransaction
。在上面的示例中,您可能希望向用户显示包含启动屏幕的Fragment
。要做到这一点,你可以像这样执行FragmentTransaction
:
// It is best practice to use factory methods to create Fragment instances
final Fragment fragment = StartupFragment.newInstance();
// There are multiple `FragmentManagers`, be sure to always use the right one!
FragmentManager manager = getFragmentManager();
// This starts the `FragmentTransaction`.
FragmentTransaction transaction = manager.beginTransaction();
// Now you can define what happens in this transactions
// You can add/replace/remove/hide or show as many Fragments
// as you want in one `FragmentTransaction`.
// This command specifically adds the Fragment to the placeholder we defined
// in the layout of the Activity
transaction.replace(R.id.flFragmentPlaceHolder, fragment);
// This commits the `FragmentTransaction`.
// Only after you call this will any changes be made
transaction.commit();
为简洁起见,上述相同的代码也可以写成:
final Fragment fragment = StartupFragment.newInstance();
getFragmentManager().beginTransaction()
.replace(R.id.flFragmentPlaceHolder, fragment)
.commit();
这样编写它的主要改进是,作为开发人员,您可以更快地编写很多,因为您几乎可以在整个时间内完全依赖代码。
如果稍后用户从NavigationDrawer
中选择了一个项目,那么您只需要执行一个新的FragmentTransaction
来将StartupFragment
替换为另一个项目!