不使用Arduino代码读取字节

Question

我正在尝试设置实时时钟的时间和日期，但是在读取我输入串行监视器的数据时遇到问题。在下面的代码中，它询问我是否要更改日期，然后输入＆＃34; y＆＃34;然后按Enter键。在那之后，它要求年份，我输入＆＃34; 14＆＃34;然后按回车键，但没有任何反应。

#include <Wire.h>
const int DS1307 = 0x68; // Address of DS1307 see data sheets
const char* days[] =
{"Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday"};
const char* months[] =
{"January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August","September", "October", "November", "December"};

// Initializes all values: 
byte second = 0;
byte minute = 0;
byte hour = 0;
byte weekday = 0;
byte monthday = 0;
byte month = 0;
byte year = 0;

void setup() {
  Wire.begin();
  Serial.begin(9600);
  delay(2000); // This delay allows the MCU to read the current date and time.

  Serial.print("The current date and time is: ");
  printTime();
  Serial.println("Please change to newline ending the settings on the lower right of the Serial Monitor");
  Serial.println("Would you like to set the date and time now? Y/N");

  while (!Serial.available()) delay(10);
  if (Serial.read() == 'y' || Serial.read() == 'Y')

  // This set of functions allows the user to change the date and time
  {
    Serial.read();
    setTime();
    Serial.print("The current date and time is now: ");
    printTime();
  }


  Serial.println("Thank you.");
}

// Continuous function for converting bytes to decimals and vice versa
void loop() {
}
byte decToBcd(byte val) {
  return ((val/10*16) + (val%10));
}
byte bcdToDec(byte val) {
  return ((val/16*10) + (val%16));
}


// This set of codes is allows input of data
void setTime() {
  Serial.print("Please enter the current year, 00-99. - ");
  year = readByte();
  Serial.println(year);
  Serial.print("Please enter the current month, 1-12. - ");
  month = readByte();
  Serial.println(months[month-1]);
  Serial.print("Please enter the current day of the month, 1-31. - ");
  monthday = readByte();
  Serial.println(monthday);
  Serial.println("Please enter the current day of the week, 1-7.");
  Serial.print("1 Sun | 2 Mon | 3 Tues | 4 Weds | 5 Thu | 6 Fri | 7 Sat - ");
  weekday = readByte();
  Serial.println(days[weekday-1]);
  Serial.print("Please enter the current hour in 24hr format, 0-23. - ");
  hour = readByte();
  Serial.println(hour);
  Serial.print("Please enter the current minute, 0-59. - ");
  minute = readByte();
  Serial.println(minute);
  second = 0;
  Serial.println("The data has been entered.");

  // The following codes transmits the data to the RTC
  Wire.beginTransmission(DS1307);
  Wire.write(byte(0));
  Wire.write(decToBcd(second));
  Wire.write(decToBcd(minute));
  Wire.write(decToBcd(hour));
  Wire.write(decToBcd(weekday));
  Wire.write(decToBcd(monthday));
  Wire.write(decToBcd(month));
  Wire.write(decToBcd(year));
  Wire.write(byte(0));
  Wire.endTransmission();
  // Ends transmission of data
}


byte readByte() {
  while (!Serial.available()) delay(10);
  byte reading = 0;
  byte incomingByte = Serial.read();
  while (incomingByte != '\n') {
    if (incomingByte >= '0' && incomingByte <= '9')
      reading = reading * 10 + (incomingByte - '0');
    else;
    incomingByte = Serial.read();
  }
  Serial.flush();
  return reading;
}


void printTime() {
  char buffer[3];
  const char* AMPM = 0;
  readTime();
  Serial.print(days[weekday-1]);
  Serial.print(" ");
  Serial.print(months[month-1]);
  Serial.print(" ");
  Serial.print(monthday);
  Serial.print(", 20");
  Serial.print(year);
  Serial.print(" ");
  if (hour > 12) {
    hour -= 12;
    AMPM = " PM";
  }
  else AMPM = " AM";
  Serial.print(hour);
  Serial.print(":");
  sprintf(buffer, "%02d", minute);
  Serial.print(buffer);
  Serial.println(AMPM);
}


void readTime() {
  Wire.beginTransmission(DS1307);
  Wire.write(byte(0));
  Wire.endTransmission();
  Wire.requestFrom(DS1307, 7);
  second = bcdToDec(Wire.read());
  minute = bcdToDec(Wire.read());
  hour = bcdToDec(Wire.read());
  weekday = bcdToDec(Wire.read());
  monthday = bcdToDec(Wire.read());
  month = bcdToDec(Wire.read());
  year = bcdToDec(Wire.read());
}

更新1：

#include <Wire.h>
const int DS1307 = 0x68; // Address of DS1307 see data sheets
const char* days[] =
{"Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday"};
const char* months[] =
{"January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August","September", "October", "November", "December"};

// Initializes all values: 
byte second = 0;
byte minute = 0;
byte hour = 0;
byte weekday = 0;
byte monthday = 0;
byte month = 0;
byte year = 0;

void setup() {
  Wire.begin();
  Serial.begin(9600);
  delay(2000); // This delay allows the MCU to read the current date and time.

  Serial.print("The current date and time is: ");
  printTime();
  Serial.println("Please change to newline ending the settings on the lower right of the Serial Monitor");
  Serial.println("Would you like to set the date and time now? Y/N");

  while (!Serial.available()) delay(10);
  if (Serial.read() == 'y' || Serial.read() == 'Y')

  // This set of functions allows the user to change the date and time
  {
    Serial.read();
    setTime();
    Serial.print("The current date and time is now: ");
    printTime();
  }


  Serial.println("Thank you.");
}

// Continuous function for converting bytes to decimals and vice versa
void loop() {
}
byte decToBcd(byte val) {
  return ((val/10*16) + (val%10));
}
byte bcdToDec(byte val) {
  return ((val/16*10) + (val%16));
}


// This set of codes is allows input of data
void setTime() {
  Serial.print("Please enter the current year, 00-99. - ");
  year = readByte();
  Serial.println(year);
  Serial.print("Please enter the current month, 1-12. - ");
  month = readByte();
  Serial.println(months[month-1]);
  Serial.print("Please enter the current day of the month, 1-31. - ");
  monthday = readByte();
  Serial.println(monthday);
  Serial.println("Please enter the current day of the week, 1-7.");
  Serial.print("1 Sun | 2 Mon | 3 Tues | 4 Weds | 5 Thu | 6 Fri | 7 Sat - ");
  weekday = readByte();
  Serial.println(days[weekday-1]);
  Serial.print("Please enter the current hour in 24hr format, 0-23. - ");
  hour = readByte();
  Serial.println(hour);
  Serial.print("Please enter the current minute, 0-59. - ");
  minute = readByte();
  Serial.println(minute);
  second = 0;
  Serial.println("The data has been entered.");

  // The following codes transmits the data to the RTC
  Wire.beginTransmission(DS1307);
  Wire.write(byte(0));
  Wire.write(decToBcd(second));
  Wire.write(decToBcd(minute));
  Wire.write(decToBcd(hour));
  Wire.write(decToBcd(weekday));
  Wire.write(decToBcd(monthday));
  Wire.write(decToBcd(month));
  Wire.write(decToBcd(year));
  Wire.write(byte(0));
  Wire.endTransmission();
  // Ends transmission of data
}


byte readByte() {
  byte reading = 0;
  while (!Serial.available()) delay(10);

  byte incomingByte = Serial.read();
  while (incomingByte != '\r') {
    if (incomingByte >= '0' && incomingByte <= '9')
      reading = reading * 10 + (incomingByte - '0');
    else;
    incomingByte = Serial.read();
  }
  //Serial.flush();
  return reading;
}


void printTime() {
  char buffer[3];
  const char* AMPM = 0;
  readTime();
  Serial.print(days[weekday-1]);
  Serial.print(" ");
  Serial.print(months[month-1]);
  Serial.print(" ");
  Serial.print(monthday);
  Serial.print(", 20");
  Serial.print(year);
  Serial.print(" ");
  if (hour > 12) {
    hour -= 12;
    AMPM = " PM";
  }
  else AMPM = " AM";
  Serial.print(hour);
  Serial.print(":");
  sprintf(buffer, "%02d", minute);
  Serial.print(buffer);
  Serial.println(AMPM);
}


void readTime() {
  Wire.beginTransmission(DS1307);
  Wire.write(byte(0));
  Wire.endTransmission();
  Wire.requestFrom(DS1307, 7);
  second = bcdToDec(Wire.read());
  minute = bcdToDec(Wire.read());
  hour = bcdToDec(Wire.read());
  weekday = bcdToDec(Wire.read());
  monthday = bcdToDec(Wire.read());
  month = bcdToDec(Wire.read());
  year = bcdToDec(Wire.read());
}

Answer 1

有一些问题。

在致电Serial.read()之前，您需要额外setTime();。这会丢失一个字节。

在readByte()中你可能会返回一个int而不是一个字节，但这里真正的问题是你应该在循环之外声明byte reading = 0;。每次循环迭代都会错误地设置为0。

Serial.flush()用于刷新自Arduino 1.0以来的传出数据。看起来你的意思是要刷新传入的缓冲区，这不再做了。

冻结的问题可能是由于readByte()内的循环造成的。有些终端在一行末尾包含'\n'字符，但有些终端使用'\r'，有些使用两者。您可以尝试检查'\r'并忽略'\n'。您的程序可能会无休止地等待一个永远不会发送的换行符！