Question

如何使用单个查询更新多个表中的数据？

MySQL示例

MySQL中的等效代码：

UPDATE party p
LEFT JOIN party_name n ON p.party_id = n.party_id
LEFT JOIN party_details d ON p.party_id = d.party_id
LEFT JOIN incident_participant ip ON ip.party_id = p.party_id
LEFT JOIN incident i ON ip.incident_id = i.incident_id
SET
  p.employee_id = NULL,
  c.em_address = 'x@x.org',
  c.ad_postal = 'x',
  n.first_name = 'x',
  n.last_name = 'x'
WHERE
  i.confidential_dt IS NOT NULL

使用Oracle 11g会有什么相同的声明？

谢谢！

RTFM

使用Oracle时似乎单个查询不足：

http://download-west.oracle.com/docs/cd/B10501_01/server.920/a96540/statements_108a.htm#2067717

Answer 1

/** XXX CODING HORROR... */

根据您的需要，您可以使用可更新视图。您可以创建基表的视图，并为此视图添加“代替”触发器，并直接更新视图。

一些示例表：

create table party (
    party_id integer,
    employee_id integer
    );

create table party_name (
    party_id integer,
    first_name varchar2(120 char),
    last_name varchar2(120 char)
    );

insert into party values (1,1000);   
insert into party values (2,2000);
insert into party values (3,3000);

insert into party_name values (1,'Kipper','Family');
insert into party_name values (2,'Biff','Family');
insert into party_name values (3,'Chip','Family');

commit;

select * from party_v;

PARTY_ID    EMPLOYEE_ID    FIRST_NAME    LAST_NAME
1            1000           Kipper        Family
2            2000           Biff          Family
3            3000           Chip          Family

...然后创建一个可更新的视图

create or replace view party_v
as
select
    p.party_id,
    p.employee_id,
    n.first_name,
    n.last_name
from
    party p left join party_name n on p.party_id = n.party_id;

create or replace trigger trg_party_update
instead of update on party_v 
for each row
declare
begin
--
    update party
    set
        party_id = :new.party_id,
        employee_id = :new.employee_id
    where
        party_id = :old.party_id;
--
    update party_name
    set
        party_id = :new.party_id,
        first_name = :new.first_name,
        last_name = :new.last_name
    where
        party_id = :old.party_id;
--
end;
/

您现在可以直接更新视图...

update party_v
set
    employee_id = 42,
    last_name = 'Oxford'
where
    party_id = 1;

select * from party_v;

PARTY_ID    EMPLOYEE_ID    FIRST_NAME    LAST_NAME
1            42             Kipper        Oxford
2            2000           Biff          Family
3            3000           Chip          Family

Answer 2

我遇到了同样的问题，我无法在Oracle中找到一种简单的方法。

看这里： Oracle Update Statements了解更多信息。

Answer 3

您可以使用Oracle MERGE语句来执行此操作。它是基于使用内联视图连接目标表的批量更新或插入类型的语句。

MERGE INTO bonuses D
   USING (
      SELECT employee_id, salary, department_id FROM employees
      WHERE department_id = 80
   ) S ON (D.employee_id = S.employee_id)
 WHEN MATCHED THEN 
   UPDATE SET D.bonus = D.bonus + S.salary*.01
 WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN 
   INSERT (D.employee_id, D.bonus)
   VALUES (S.employee_id, S.salary*0.1);

如果您不需要插入部分，则只需省略上面的最后3行。

Answer 4

在某些情况下，可以使用PL / SQL来实现这一目标。在我的例子中，我按照一些标准在两个表中搜索匹配的行，然后在循环中更新每一行。

这样的事情：

begin
  for r in (
    select t1.id as t1_id, t2.id as t2_id
    from t1, t2
    where ...
  ) loop
    update t1
    set ...
    where t1.id = r.t1_id;

    update t2
    set ...
    where t2.id = r.t2_id;
  end loop;
end;

使用单个查询更新多个表列值

4 个答案: