Kivy中的应用程序：链接kv-file和main.py之间的元素并交换输入文本

时间：2014-11-12 21:46:07

标签： android python class widget kivy

首先，我的代码：

main.py 

from kivy.app import App
from kivy.graphics import Color
from kivy.uix.boxlayout import BoxLayout
from kivy.uix.gridlayout import GridLayout
from kivy.uix.listview import ListItemButton
from kivy.uix.floatlayout import FloatLayout
from kivy.properties import StringProperty, NumericProperty, ObjectProperty
from kivy.uix.screenmanager import ScreenManager, Screen, FadeTransition

class ShowStartScreen(Screen):
    pass

class CurrLocation(Screen):
    pass

class SearchHeight(Screen):
    pass

class SearchMountain(Screen):
    pass

class SearchLocation(Screen):
    pass

class SearchSummit(Screen):
    pass

class SearchSummary(Screen):
    pass

class SearchScreenManager(ScreenManager):
    pass

class MountainClimberApp(App):
    def build(self):
        return SearchScreenManager()

    def get_search_height(self):
        scr_manager = self.root
        hScr = scr_manager.get_screen('height')
        hInput = StringProperty(hScr.ids['searchHigherThan'])
        print "height: {}".format(hInput)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    MountainClimberApp().run()

我的kv档案：

#: import main main

MountainClimberRoot:

<MountainClimberRoot>:
    ShowStartScreen

<ShowStartScreen@BoxLayout>:
    canvas:
        Color:
            rgb: 1, 1, 1
        Rectangle:
            pos: self.pos
            size: self.size
    BoxLayout:
        Image:
            source: 'background.png'
            Image:
                source: 'logo.png'
                center_x: root.width / 2
                height: 1000
                width: 400
                size_hint_y: None
                size_hint_x: None
            GridLayout:
                cols: 1
                center_x: root.width / 2 
                height: 140
                size_hint_y: None
                Button:
                    text: "SUCHE"
                    height: 60
                    width: 130
                    size_hint_x: None
                    size_hint_y: None
                    font_size: 20
                    background_color: 0.2, 0.8, 0.4, 0.9
                    on_press: app.root.showSearchHeight()
                BoxLayout:
                    size_hint_y: 10
                Button:
                    text: "STANDORT"
                    height: 60
                    width: 130
                    size_hint_x: None
                    size_hint_y: None
                    font_size: 20
                    background_color: 0.2, 0.8, 0.4, 0.9
                    on_press: app.root.showCurrLocation()
                BoxLayout:
                    size_hint_y: 10

<SearchHeight@BoxLayout>:
    on_right_to_left_line: app.root.showSearchMountain()
    canvas:
        Color:
            rgb: 1, 1, 1
        Rectangle:
            pos: self.pos
            size: self.size
    BoxLayout:
        Image:
            source: 'background.png'
            BoxLayout:
                pos: 0, 550
                height: 60
                width: root.width
                size_hint_x: None
                size_hint_y: None
                Button:
                    text: "START"
                    font_size: 20
                    background_color: 0.2, 0.8, 0.4, 0.1
                    on_press: app.root.showStartScreen()
                Label:
                    text: "SUCHE"
                    font_size: 20
                    background_color: 0.2, 0.8, 0.4, 0.1
            BoxLayout:
                center_x: (root.width / 2) - 60
                Image:
                    source: 'MC_icons_01.png'
                    height: 700
                    width: 400
                    size_hint_y: None
                    size_hint_x: None
            BoxLayout:
                pos: 0, 200
                height: 40
                center_x: (root.width / 2) + 15
                width: root.width
                size_hint_x: None
                size_hint_y: None
                Label:
                    width: 40
                    size_hint_x: None
                    text: "höher als              "
                    color: 0, 0, 1, 1
                    font_size: 20
                TextInput:
                    width: 60
                    size_hint_x: None
                    id: searchHigherThan
                    focus: True
                    multiline: False
                Label:
                    width: 30
                    size_hint_x: None
                    text: "m"
                    color: 0, 0, 1, 1
                    font_size: 20
            BoxLayout:
                pos: 0, 150
                height: 40
                center_x: (root.width / 2) + 25
                width: root.width
                size_hint_x: None
                size_hint_y: None
                Label:
                    width: 40
                    size_hint_x: None
                    text: "niedriger als                  "
                    color: 0, 0, 1, 1
                    font_size: 20
                TextInput:
                    width: 60
                    size_hint_x: None
                    id: searchLowerThan
                    focus: True
                    multiline: False
                Label:
                    width: 30
                    size_hint_x: None
                    text: "m"
                    color: 0, 0, 1, 1
                    font_size: 20
            BoxLayout:
                pos: 0, 100
                height: 40
                center_x: (root.width / 2) - 95
                width: root.width
                size_hint_y: None
                size_hint_x: None
                Label:
                    width: 100
                    size_hint_x: None
                    text: "zwischen"
                    color: 0, 0, 1, 1
                    font_size: 20
                TextInput:
                    width: 60
                    size_hint_x: None
                    id: searchBetweenLower
                    focus: True
                    multiline: False
                Label:
                    width: 60
                    size_hint_x: None
                    text: "und"
                    color: 0, 0, 1, 1
                    font_size: 20
                TextInput:
                    width: 60
                    size_hint_x: None
                    id: searchBetweenHigher
                    focus: True
                    multiline: False
                Label:
                    width: 30
                    size_hint_x: None
                    text: "m"
                    color: 0, 0, 1, 1
                    font_size: 20
            BoxLayout:
                pos: 0, 25
                center_x: root.width / 2
                Button:
                    text: "LOS!"
                    font_size: 20
                    height: 60
                    width: 130
                    size_hint_x: None
                    size_hint_y: None
                    background_color: 0.2, 0.8, 0.4, 0.9
                    on_press: app.root.showSearchSummary()
            BoxLayout:
                canvas:
                    Color:
                        rgba: 0.5, 1, 0.5, 0.6
                    Ellipse:
                        pos: (root.width / 2) - 20, 10
                        size: [self.height - 90, self.height -90]
                    Color:
                        rgba: 0, 0, 1, 0.2
                    Ellipse:
                        pos: root.width / 2, 10
                        size: [self.height - 90, self.height - 90]
                    Ellipse:
                        pos: (root.width / 2) + 20, 10
                        size: [self.height - 90, self.height - 90]
                    Ellipse:
                        pos: (root.width / 2) + 40, 10
                        size: [self.height - 90, self.height - 90]

<SearchMountain@BoxLayout>:
    on_right_to_left_line: app.root.showSearchLocation()
    on_left_to_right_line: app.root.showSearchHeight()
    canvas:
        Color:
            rgb: 1, 1, 1
        Rectangle:
            pos: self.pos
            size: self.size
    BoxLayout:
        Image:
            source: 'background.png'
            BoxLayout:
                pos: 0, 550
                height: 60
                width: root.width
                size_hint_x: None
                size_hint_y: None
                Button:
                    text: "START"
                    font_size: 20
                    background_color: 0.2, 0.8, 0.4, 0.1
                    on_press: app.root.showStartScreen()
                Label:
                    text: "SUCHE"
                    font_size: 20
                    background_color: 0.2, 0.8, 0.4, 0.1
            BoxLayout:
                center_x: (root.width / 2) - 120
                Image:
                    source: 'MC_icons_02.png'
                    height: 700
                    width: 400
                    size_hint_y: None
                    size_hint_x: None
            BoxLayout:
                pos: 0, 200
                height: 40
                center_x: (root.width / 2) + 15
                width: root.width
                size_hint_x: None
                size_hint_y: None
                Label:
                    width: 40
                    size_hint_x: None
                    text: "Exakt              "
                    color: 0, 0, 1, 1
                    font_size: 20
                TextInput:
                    width: 120
                    size_hint_x: None
                    id: searchMountainExact
                    focus: True
                    multiline: False
            BoxLayout:
                pos: 0, 150
                height: 40
                center_x: (root.width / 2) + 25
                width: root.width
                size_hint_x: None
                size_hint_y: None
                Label:
                    width: 40
                    size_hint_x: None
                    text: "Teilsuche                  "
                    color: 0, 0, 1, 1
                    font_size: 20
                TextInput:
                    width: 120
                    size_hint_x: None
                    id: searchMountainPart
                    focus: True
                    multiline: False
            BoxLayout:
                pos: 0, 25
                center_x: root.width / 2
                Button:
                    text: "LOS!"
                    font_size: 20
                    height: 60
                    width: 130
                    size_hint_x: None
                    size_hint_y: None
                    background_color: 0.2, 0.8, 0.4, 0.9
                    on_press: app.root.showSearchSummary()
            BoxLayout:
                canvas:
                    Color:
                        rgba: 0, 0, 1, 0.2
                    Ellipse:
                        pos: (root.width / 2) - 20, 10
                        size: [self.height - 90, self.height -90]
                    Color:
                        rgba: 0.5, 1, 0.5, 0.6
                    Ellipse:
                        pos: root.width / 2, 10
                        size: [self.height - 90, self.height - 90]
                    Color:
                        rgba: 0, 0, 1, 0.2
                    Ellipse:
                        pos: (root.width / 2) + 20, 10
                        size: [self.height - 90, self.height - 90]
                    Ellipse:
                        pos: (root.width / 2) + 40, 10
                        size: [self.height - 90, self.height - 90]

<SearchLocation@BoxLayout>:
    on_right_to_left_line: app.root.showSearchSummit()
    on_left_to_right_line: app.root.showSearchMountain()
    canvas:
        Color:
            rgb: 1, 1, 1
        Rectangle:
            pos: self.pos
            size: self.size
    BoxLayout:
        Image:
            source: 'background.png'
            BoxLayout:
                pos: 0, 550
                height: 60
                width: root.width
                size_hint_x: None
                size_hint_y: None
                Button:
                    text: "START"
                    font_size: 20
                    background_color: 0.2, 0.8, 0.4, 0.1
                    on_press: app.root.showStartScreen()
                Label:
                    text: "SUCHE"
                    font_size: 20
                    background_color: 0.2, 0.8, 0.4, 0.1
            BoxLayout:
                center_x: (root.width / 2) - 120
                Image:
                    source: 'MC_icons_03.png'
                    height: 600
                    width: 400
                    size_hint_y: None
                    size_hint_x: None
            BoxLayout:
                pos: 0, 200
                height: 40
                center_x: (root.width / 2) + 15
                width: root.width
                size_hint_x: None
                size_hint_y: None
                Label:
                    width: 40
                    size_hint_x: None
                    text: "Exakt              "
                    color: 0, 0, 1, 1
                    font_size: 20
                TextInput:
                    width: 120
                    size_hint_x: None
                    id: searchLocationExact
                    focus: True
                    multiline: False
            BoxLayout:
                pos: 0, 150
                height: 40
                center_x: (root.width / 2) + 25
                width: root.width
                size_hint_x: None
                size_hint_y: None
                Label:
                    width: 40
                    size_hint_x: None
                    text: "Teilsuche                  "
                    color: 0, 0, 1, 1
                    font_size: 20
                TextInput:
                    width: 120
                    size_hint_x: None
                    id: searchLocationPart
                    focus: True
                    multiline: False
            BoxLayout:
                pos: 0, 25
                center_x: root.width / 2
                Button:
                    text: "LOS!"
                    font_size: 20
                    height: 60
                    width: 130
                    size_hint_x: None
                    size_hint_y: None
                    background_color: 0.2, 0.8, 0.4, 0.9
                    on_press: app.root.showSearchSummary()
            BoxLayout:
                canvas:
                    Color:
                        rgba: 0, 0, 1, 0.2
                    Ellipse:
                        pos: (root.width / 2) - 20, 10
                        size: [self.height - 90, self.height -90]
                    Ellipse:
                        pos: root.width / 2, 10
                        size: [self.height - 90, self.height - 90]
                    Color:
                        rgba: 0.5, 1, 0.5, 0.6
                    Ellipse:
                        pos: (root.width / 2) + 20, 10
                        size: [self.height - 90, self.height - 90]
                    Color:
                        rgba: 0, 0, 1, 0.2
                    Ellipse:
                        pos: (root.width / 2) + 40, 10
                        size: [self.height - 90, self.height - 90]

<SearchSummit@BoxLayout>:
    on_left_to_right_line: app.root.showSearchLocation()
    canvas:
        Color:
            rgb: 1, 1, 1
        Rectangle:
            pos: self.pos
            size: self.size
    BoxLayout:
        Image:
            source: 'background.png'
            BoxLayout:
                pos: 0, 550
                height: 60
                width: root.width
                size_hint_x: None
                size_hint_y: None
                Button:
                    text: "START"
                    font_size: 20
                    background_color: 0.2, 0.8, 0.4, 0.1
                    on_press: app.root.showStartScreen()
                Label:
                    text: "SUCHE"
                    font_size: 20
                    background_color: 0.2, 0.8, 0.4, 0.1
            BoxLayout:
                center_x: (root.width / 2) - 120
                Image:
                    source: 'MC_icons_04.png'
                    height: 600
                    width: 400
                    size_hint_y: None
                    size_hint_x: None
            BoxLayout:
                pos: 0, 200
                height: 40
                center_x: (root.width / 2) + 15
                width: root.width
                size_hint_x: None
                size_hint_y: None
                Label:
                    width: 40
                    size_hint_x: None
                    text: "Gipfelart              "
                    color: 0, 0, 1, 1
                    font_size: 20
                TextInput:
                    width: 120
                    size_hint_x: None
                    id: sarchSummitType
                    focus: True
                    multiline: False
            BoxLayout:
                pos: 0, 100
                height: 40
                center_x: (root.width / 2)
                width: root.width
                size_hint_x: None
                size_hint_y: None
                Label:
                    cinter_x: root.width / 2 + 20
                    width: 40
                    size_hint_x: None
                    text: "'GGipfel', 'HGipfel', 'KGipfel', 'Massiv' oder 'Grat'"
                    color: 0, 0, 1, 1
                    font_size: 20
            BoxLayout:
                pos: 0, 25
                center_x: root.width / 2
                Button:
                    text: "LOS!"
                    font_size: 20
                    height: 60
                    width: 130
                    size_hint_x: None
                    size_hint_y: None
                    background_color: 0.2, 0.8, 0.4, 0.9
                    on_press: app.root.showSearchSummary()
            BoxLayout:
                canvas:
                    Color:
                        rgba: 0, 0, 1, 0.2
                    Ellipse:
                        pos: (root.width / 2) - 20, 10
                        size: [self.height - 90, self.height -90]
                    Ellipse:
                        pos: root.width / 2, 10
                        size: [self.height - 90, self.height - 90]
                    Ellipse:
                        pos: (root.width / 2) + 20, 10
                        size: [self.height - 90, self.height - 90]
                    Color:
                        rgba: 0.5, 1, 0.5, 0.6
                    Ellipse:
                        pos: (root.width / 2) + 40, 10
                        size: [self.height - 90, self.height - 90]

<CurrLocation@BoxLayout>:
    canvas:
        Color:
            rgb: 1, 1, 1
        Rectangle:
            pos: self.pos
            size: self.size
    BoxLayout:
        Image:
            source: 'background.png'
            BoxLayout:
                pos: 0, 550
                height: 60
                width: root.width
                size_hint_x: None
                size_hint_y: None
                Button:
                    text: "START"
                    font_size: 20
                    background_color: 0.2, 0.8, 0.4, 0.1
                    on_press: app.root.showStartScreen()
                Label:
                    text: "STANDORT"
                    font_size: 20
                    background_color: 0.2, 0.8, 0.4, 0.1

<SearchSummary@BoxLayout>:
    canvas:
        Color:
            rgb: 1, 1, 1
        Rectangle:
            pos: self.pos
            size: self.size
    BoxLayout:
        Image:
            source: 'background.png'
            BoxLayout:
                pos: 0, 550
                height: 60
                width: root.width
                size_hint_x: None
                size_hint_y: None
                Button:
                    text: "START"
                    font_size: 20
                    background_color: 0.2, 0.8, 0.4, 0.1
                    on_press: app.root.showStartScreen()
                Label:
                    text: "ZUSAMMENFASSUNG"
                    font_size: 20
                    background_color: 0.2, 0.8, 0.4, 0.1

我知道它很多，但它相对容易理解。这是我尝试与两位同事一起实施的应用程序的代码。它显示了一个开始屏幕，一个位置屏幕和四个搜索屏幕。在所有搜索屏幕中，您可以输入文本或值。在摘要屏幕上，用户应该看到他输入的所有参数以及应该用于处理其查询的参数。如何从摘要小部件中访问四个搜索小部件中定义的元素？

帮助将不胜感激！

Tnat的所有人！

菲利普

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：1)

如果SearchSummary从Search类继承，那该怎么办？ Python支持多重继承。

<强>实施例 

Class A(object):
    size = 'big'
    colour = 'green'

Class B(object):
    weight = 'heavy'
    says = 'how do?'

Class C(object):
    mute = True
    legs = 4

class D(A, B, C): # multiple inheritance
    pass

>>> print D.weight
'heavy'
>>> print D.legs
4
>>> print D.size
'big'

使用kivy： 

class SearchHeight(Widget):
    num = NumericProperty(10)

class SearchMountain(Widget):
    string = StringProperty('hi there')

class SearchLocation(Widget):
    listy = ListProperty([1,2,3,3,4])


class SearchSummary(A, B, C): # multiple inheritance

    def __init__(self):
        # SearchSummary now has access to the other classes attributes
        print self.listy
        print self.string
        print self.num


class MyApp(App):
    def build(self):
        return D()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    MyApp().run()

<强>输出： 

[1, 2, 3, 3, 4]
hi there
10

更多信息： Python classes and inheritance

答案 1 :(得分：0)

使用kivy开发人员的screenmanager类：http://kivy.org/docs/api-kivy.uix.screenmanager.html

您不仅可以在各种屏幕上访问子窗口小部件，还可以利用已经内置的各种复杂行为，例如屏幕之间的动画过渡。

这里提供了一个很棒的教程：https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xx-NLOg6x8o（＆＃34; Kivy速成课程14：使用ScreenManager＆＃34;）

screenmanager有get_screen(name)方法可用于访问屏幕，您可以使用ids来引用子窗口小部件。

这允许访问，但通常更好的做法是将自定义属性用于基本窗口小部件（在本例中为screenmanager），以允许在没有ID的情况下直接访问。对于textinput，您可以创建一个ObjectProperty并将其分配给kv文件中目标textinput的id，或者您可以创建一个StringProperty / NumericProperty并将其绑定到textinput的text属性。

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