如何访问哈希的键作为对象属性

时间:2014-11-11 05:34:49

标签: ruby

假设我有一个w_data哈希

 {"latitude"=>"40.695", "air_temperature"=>"-10", "longitude"=>"-96.854", "datetime"=>"2014-01-01 02:55:00"}

我希望w_data.latitude而不是w_data["latitude"]

访问它的值

怎么做?

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:8)

我要说使用OpenStruct,因为它nukes the method cache every time you create a new one

相反,考虑像hashie-mash这样的宝石,或者滚动你自己的类似哈希:

Hashie::Mash

hsh = Hashie::Mash.new("latitude"=>"40.695", "air_temperature"=>"-10", "longitude"=>"-96.854", "datetime"=>"2014-01-01 02:55:00")
hsh.latitude
 => "40.695"

自定义解决方案:

class AccessorHash < Hash
  def method_missing(method, *args)
    s_method = method.to_s
    if s_method.match(/=$/) && args.length == 1
      self[s_method.chomp("=")] = args[0]
    elsif args.empty? && key?(s_method)
      self.fetch(s_method)
    elsif args.empty? && key?(method)
      self.fetch(method)
    else
      super
    end
  end
end

hsh = AccessorHash.new("latitude"=>"40.695", "air_temperature"=>"-10", "longitude"=>"-96.854", "datetime"=>"2014-01-01 02:55:00")
hsh.latitude # => "40.695"
hsh.air_temperature = "16"
hsh => # {"latitude"=>"40.695", "air_temperature"=>"16", "longitude"=>"-96.854", "datetime"=>"2014-01-01 02:55:00"}

答案 1 :(得分:4)

如果你想要一个纯Ruby解决方案,只需打开Hash类并升级method_missing方法!

class Hash
  def method_missing method_name, *args, &block
    return self[method_name] if has_key?(method_name)
    return self[$1.to_sym] = args[0] if method_name.to_s =~ /^(.*)=$/

    super
  end
end

现在,每个哈希都有这种能力。

hash = {:five => 5, :ten => 10}
hash[:five]  #=> 5
hash.five  #=> 5

hash.fifteen = 15
hash[:fifteen]  #=> 15
hash.fifteen  #=> 15

method_missing在每个Ruby类中都可用,以捕获对尚未存在的方法的尝试调用。我已将此转变为博客文章(带有交互式Codewars kata):

http://www.rubycuts.com/kata-javascript-object

答案 2 :(得分:2)

将哈希转换为OpenStruct。这里:

require 'ostruct'
w_data = OpenStruct.new
hash = {"latitude"=>"40.695", "air_temperature"=>"-10", "longitude"=>"-96.854", "datetime"=>"2014-01-01 02:55:00"}
w_data.marshal_load(hash)
w_data.longitude
#=> "-96.854"

另一种更简单的方法:

require 'ostruct'
hash = {"latitude"=>"40.695", "air_temperature"=>"-10", "longitude"=>"-96.854", "datetime"=>"2014-01-01 02:55:00"}
w_data = OpenStruct.new(hash)
w_data.longitude
#=> "-96.854"