Question

我正在进行“随机漫步”计划，我无法正确显示这些条形图。

这是我的代码（我只会包含我需要帮助的内容）：

#include <iostream> 
#include <conio.h>
#include <string>
#include <ctime>
#include <random>

using namespace std;

int main() {

    srand(time(0)); // make it "random"

    int max;
    int min;
    int location; //location of goat on bridge
    int steps;
    int total_steps;
    int choice;
    int move; // go forward or backward

    for (;;) {  // Keep running until user quits

        system("CLS");

        cout << "Random Walk Simulator" << endl;
        cout << "1) Display Trial " << endl;
        cout << "2) Run Statistics Over 50 Trials " << endl;
        cout << "3) Quit. " << endl;

        cin >> choice;  // get choice

        cout << "\n";

        if (choice == 1) {  // Display Trial

            steps = 1;
            location = 4;  // center of bridge

            cout << "Step 0: |   *   | " << endl;

            while (location >= 1 && location <= 7) {  // Keep running until goat falls off bridge

                move = rand() % 2 + 0;  // 0 and 1

                if (move == 0) {  // Move backward

                    location--;
                }

                if (move == 1) {  // Move forward

                    location++;
                }

                switch (location) {  // Show location

                case 0: cout << "Step " << steps << ": |       | " << endl;
                    break;
                case 1: cout << "Step " << steps << ": |*      | " << endl;
                    break;
                case 2: cout << "Step " << steps << ": | *     | " << endl;
                    break;
                case 3: cout << "Step " << steps << ": |  *    | " << endl;
                    break;
                case 4: cout << "Step " << steps << ": |   *   | " << endl;
                    break;
                case 5: cout << "Step " << steps << ": |    *  | " << endl;
                    break;
                case 6: cout << "Step " << steps << ": |     * | " << endl;
                    break;
                case 7: cout << "Step " << steps << ": |      *| " << endl;
                    break;
                case 8: cout << "Step " << steps << ": |       | " << endl;
                    break;
                default: break;

                }

                steps++;  // Iterate steps
            }

            cout << "\nTotal steps taken: " << (steps - 1) << endl; // (steps-1) since I start the goat off at the center of the bridge

            system("PAUSE");
        }

以下是示例输出：

Random Walk Simulator
1) Display Trial
2) Run Statistics over 50 Trials
3) Quit 
1

Step 0: |   *   |
Step 1: |    *  |
Step 2: |     * |
Step 3: |    *  |
Step 4: |   *   |
Step 5: |    *  |
Step 6: |   *   |
Step 7: |  *    |
Step 8: |   *   |
Step 9: |    *  |
Step 10: |   *   |
Step 11: |  *    |
Step 12: | *     |
Step 13: |*      |
Step 14: |       |

如何正确格式化？我很擅长C ++，抱歉。

Answer 1

我只想使用一个标签。在你的行看起来像这样：

cout << "Step " << steps << ": |       | " << endl;

将其更改为：

cout << "Step " << steps << ":\t|       | " << endl;

Answer 2

尝试使用setw() setw reference

所以你的cout应该看起来像

cout<<std::setw(9);
cout << "Step " << steps;
cout<<std::setw(0);
cout<<: "|      *|";

Answer 3

您需要添加额外的I/O manipulators来正确格式化输出。

只需替换

 << steps

使用以下代码

 << right << setw(2) << steps

那些case块中的

case 0: cout << "Step " << steps << ": |       | " << endl;

setw(2)将输出字段宽度设置为2，而right则指示对齐右边框的字段。因此，您的输出看起来像

...
Step  8: |   *   |
Step  9: |    *  |
Step 10: |   *   |
Step 11: |  *    |
...

您还需要#include <iomanip>。

如何正确格式化？

3 个答案: