我一直在用Python来对付多处理过程中的一天中的大部分时间,并且我已经设法取得了很小的进展 - 如果我的问题是重复或我的无知显而易见,我道歉 - 我道歉无法通过这种方式在其他任何地方找到它。
我正在寻找一种并行运行函数的方法,并将它们产生的任意内容返回给主脚本。
问题是:从多处理开始的Process()是否可以返回列表或其他任意变量类型?
例如,我想:
def 30_second_function():
#pretend this takes 30 seconds to run
return ["mango", "habanero", "salsa"]
#End 30_second_function()
def 5_second_function():
#pretend this takes 5 seconds to run
return {"beans": "8 oz", "tomato paste": "16 oz"}
#End 5_second_function()
p1 = multiprocessing.Process(target=30_second_function)
p1.start()
p2 = multiprocessing.Process(target=5_second_function)
p2.start()
#Somehow retrieve the list and the dictionary here. p1.returned??
然后以某种方式访问30_second_function中的列表和5_second_function中的字典。这可能吗?我是以错误的方式解决这个问题吗?
答案 0 :(得分:3)
Process
本身并不提供获取返回值的方法。 To exchange data between processes, you need to use queue, pipe,共享内存,......:
import multiprocessing
def thirty_second_function(q):
q.put(["mango", "habanero", "salsa"])
def five_second_function(q):
q.put({"beans": "8 oz", "tomato paste": "16 oz"})
if __name__ == '__main__':
q1 = multiprocessing.Queue()
p1 = multiprocessing.Process(target=thirty_second_function, args=(q1,))
p1.start()
q2 = multiprocessing.Queue()
p2 = multiprocessing.Process(target=five_second_function, args=(q2,))
p2.start()
print(q1.get())
print(q2.get())
使用multiprocessing.pool.Pool
替代方案:
import multiprocessing.pool
def thirty_second_function():
return ["mango", "habanero", "salsa"]
def five_second_function():
return {"beans": "8 oz", "tomato paste": "16 oz"}
if __name__ == '__main__':
p = multiprocessing.pool.Pool()
p1 = p.apply_async(thirty_second_function)
p2 = p.apply_async(five_second_function)
print(p1.get())
print(p2.get())
或使用concurrent.futures
module(also available in standard library since Python 3.2+):
from concurrent.futures import ProcessPoolExecutor
def thirty_second_function():
return ["mango", "habanero", "salsa"]
def five_second_function():
return {"beans": "8 oz", "tomato paste": "16 oz"}
if __name__ == '__main__':
with ProcessPoolExecutor() as e:
p1 = e.submit(thirty_second_function)
p2 = e.submit(five_second_function)
print(p1.result())
print(p2.result())