我很难理解如何让Rails为渲染XML模板时验证失败的子资源显示明确的错误消息。假设我有以下几个类:
class School < ActiveRecord::Base
has_many :students
validates_associated :students
def self.add_student(bad_email)
s = Student.new(bad_email)
students << s
end
end
class Student < ActiveRecord::Base
belongs_to :school
validates_format_of :email,
:with => /^([^@\s]+)@((?:[-a-z0-9]+\.)+[a-z]{2,})$/i,
:message => "You must supply a valid email"
end
现在,在控制器中,假设我们想构建一个简单的API,允许我们添加一个学生的新学校(再次,我说,这是一个可怕的例子,但发挥其作用的目的问题)
class SchoolsController < ApplicationController
def create
@school = School.new
@school.add_student(params[:bad_email])
respond_to do |format|
if @school.save
# some code
else
format.xml { render :xml => @school.errors, :status => :unprocessable_entity }
end
end
end
end
现在验证工作正常,因为电子邮件与Student类中的validates_format_of方法中设置的正则表达不匹配而死亡。但是我获得的输出如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<errors>
<error>Students is invalid</error>
</errors>
我想要使用validates_format_of显示上面设置的更有意义的错误消息。意思是,我想说:
<error>You must supply a valid email</error>
为了不出现,我做错了什么?
答案 0 :(得分:73)
在School
模型中添加验证块以合并错误:
class School < ActiveRecord::Base
has_many :students
validate do |school|
school.students.each do |student|
next if student.valid?
student.errors.full_messages.each do |msg|
# you can customize the error message here:
errors.add_to_base("Student Error: #{msg}")
end
end
end
end
现在@school.errors
将包含正确的错误:
format.xml { render :xml => @school.errors, :status => :unprocessable_entity }
注意:强>
您不需要使用单独的方法将新学生添加到学校,请使用以下语法:
school.students.build(:email => email)
errors.add_to_base
已从Rails 3.0及更高版本中删除,应替换为:
errors[:base] << "Student Error: #{msg}"
答案 1 :(得分:8)
更新Rails 5.0.1
您可以使用Active Record Autosave Association
class School < ActiveRecord::Base
has_many :students, autosave: true
validates_associated :students
end
class Student < ActiveRecord::Base
belongs_to :school
validates_format_of :email,
:with => /^([^@\s]+)@((?:[-a-z0-9]+\.)+[a-z]{2,})$/i,
:message => "You must supply a valid email"
end
@school = School.new
@school.build_student(email: 'xyz')
@school.save
@school.errors.full_messages ==> ['You must supply a valid email']
参考:http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActiveRecord/AutosaveAssociation.html
答案 2 :(得分:6)
这还不是公共API,但Rails 5 stable似乎有ActiveModel::Errors#copy!
在两个模型之间合并errors
。
user = User.new(name: "foo", email: nil)
other = User.new(name: nil, email:"foo@bar.com")
user.errors.copy!(other.errors)
user.full_messages #=> [ "name is blank", "email is blank" ]
同样,这还没有正式发布(我在猴子修补Errors
课之前偶然发现了这个),我不确定它会不会。
所以它取决于你。
答案 3 :(得分:0)
您应该在rhtml中使用以下内容。
<%= error_messages_for :school, :student %>
要跳过“学生无效”消息,请在student.rb中使用以下内容
def after_validation
# Skip errors that won't be useful to the end user
filtered_errors = self.errors.reject{ |err| %w{ student}.include?(err.first) }
self.errors.clear
filtered_errors.each { |err| self.errors.add(*err) }
end
<强> EDITED 强>
Sorry after_validation must be in a school.rb
答案 4 :(得分:0)
我发现发布的代码存在问题。 add_student
是类School
的类方法,因此self
将指向类对象School
,而不是类School
的实例对象。由于此原因,students << s
行不会将记录s
添加到记录school
。
我不知道这是否会导致您的错误消息问题,但我认为这会使代码无法正常工作。
答案 5 :(得分:0)
我不确定这是否是最好的(或正确的)答案......我还在学习,但我觉得这很有效。我没有对它进行过广泛的测试,但它似乎与rails4一起使用:
validate do |school|
school.errors.delete(:students)
school.students.each do |student|
next if student.valid?
school.errors.add(:students, student.errors)
end
end
答案 6 :(得分:0)
这是一个可以阻止一些干扰的例子:
def join_model_and_association_errors!(model)
klass = model.class
has_manys = klass.reflect_on_all_associations(:has_many)
has_ones = klass.reflect_on_all_associations(:has_one)
belong_tos = klass.reflect_on_all_associations(:belongs_to)
habtms = klass.reflect_on_all_associations(:has_and_belongs_to_many)
collection_associations = [has_manys, habtms].flatten
instance_associations = [has_ones, belong_tos].flatten
(collection_associations + instance_associations).each do |association|
model.errors.delete(association.name)
end
collection_associations.each do |association|
model.send(association.name).each do |child|
next if child.valid?
errors = child.errors.full_messages
model.errors[:base] << "#{association.class_name} Invalid: #{errors.to_sentence}"
end
end
instance_associations.each do |association|
next unless child = model.send(association.name)
next if child.valid?
errors = child.errors.full_messages
model.errors[:base] << "#{association.class_name} Invalid: #{errors.to_sentence}"
end
model.errors
end
答案 7 :(得分:0)
我有同样的问题。到目前为止没有好的答案。 所以我自己解决了。通过将关联错误消息替换为详细错误消息:
创建关注文件models/concerns/association_error_detail_concern.rb
:
module AssociationErrorDetailConcern
extend ActiveSupport::Concern
included do
after_validation :replace_association_error_message
end
class_methods do
def association_names
@association_names ||= self.reflect_on_all_associations.map(&:name)
end
end
def replace_association_error_message
self.class.association_names.each do |attr|
next unless errors[attr]
errors.delete(attr)
Array.wrap(public_send(attr)).each do |record|
record.errors.full_messages.each do |message|
errors.add(attr, message)
end
end
end
end
end
在您的模型中:
class School < ApplicationRecord
include AssociationErrorDetailConcern
has_many :students
...
end
然后您将在you must supply a valid email
记录的students
属性上收到school
错误消息。而不是无用的消息is invalid