如何使用web.xml和Tomcat在Spring中正确加载上下文

时间：2014-11-04 14:54:47

标签： java xml spring applicationcontext

我在servlet类中导入Spring上下文时遇到问题。这些方法在测试中运行良好（加载了上下文）。但我似乎无法在我的webapp中加载上下文。我使用的是Tomcat 7.这是我的web.xml文件：

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
 <display-name>AgneseProva</display-name>
 <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>
        /WEB-INF/spring/app-config.xml
    </param-value>
 </context-param>
 <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
 </listener>
 <servlet> 
 <description></description>
 <display-name>Prova</display-name>
 <servlet-name>Prova</servlet-name>
 <servlet-class>it.jenia.agnese.prova.Prova</servlet-class>
 </servlet>
 <servlet>
 <description></description>
 <display-name>Presenze</display-name>
 <servlet-name>Presenze</servlet-name>
 <servlet-class>it.jenia.agnese.prova.Presenze</servlet-class>
 </servlet>
 <servlet-mapping>
 <servlet-name>Prova</servlet-name>
 <url-pattern>/Prova</url-pattern>
 </servlet-mapping>
 <servlet-mapping>
 <servlet-name>Presenze</servlet-name>
 <url-pattern>/Presenze</url-pattern>
 </servlet-mapping>
 </web-app>

这是我的应用程序上下文app-config.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
   xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
   xsi:schemaLocation="
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd">
   <context:annotation-config />
    <import resource="classpath*:/test-prova-spring-configuration.xml" /> 
 </beans>

文件test-prova-spring-configuration.xml包含一系列导入，包括数据库配置，存储库配置，实体和服务。

Servlet类是：

 package it.jenia.agnese.prova;

 import it.jenia.ac.mail.rapportini.repository.CollaboratoreRepository;
 import it.jenia.ac.mail.rapportini.repository.PresenzaRepository;
 import it.jenia.vr.common.service.JspReporter;

 import java.io.IOException;

 import javax.servlet.ServletException;
 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

 import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

 public class Presenze extends HttpServlet {
 private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
 private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(Presenze.class);

 @Autowired
 CollaboratoreRepository collaboratoreRepository;
 @Autowired
 PresenzaRepository presenzaRepository;
 @Autowired
 JspReporter jsp;

 public Presenze() {
     super();
 }
 protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    String messaggiojsp = "ok";
    String messaggiopr = "ok";
    String messaggiocr = "ok";
    if (jsp==null){
        messaggiojsp = "ko";
    }
    request.setAttribute("messaggiojsp", messaggiojsp);
    if(presenzaRepository ==null){
        messaggiopr = "ko";
    }
    request.setAttribute("messaggiopr", messaggiopr);
    if(collaboratoreRepository==null){
        messaggiocr = "ko";
    }
    request.setAttribute("messaggiocr", messaggiocr);
    request.getRequestDispatcher("/Presenze/presenze.jsp").forward(request, response);
 }
 protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
 }

 }

服务器不会抛出任何错误，就像上下文已完全加载一样，但servlet中的自动装配字段为空。到目前为止，我已经尝试过了：

1.使用@Service注释将servlet作为服务注册，并将其添加到spring配置文件中的组件扫描中（test-prova-spring-configuration.xml） - ＆gt;没有改变，字段为空，Tomcat没有任何错误。

2.在弹簧配置文件中将servlet注册为bean - ＆gt;没有改变，字段为空，Tomcat没有任何错误。

3.将这三行代码添加到servlet中：

public void init(javax.servlet.ServletConfig config) throws ServletException {
    SpringBeanAutowiringSupport.processInjectionBasedOnServletContext(this, config.getServletContext());
};

- ＆GT;页面抛出错误（最后）：

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException：为类[class it.jenia.agnese.prova.Presenze]注入自动连接的依赖项失败;

回溯：

    exception

javax.servlet.ServletException: Servlet.init() for servlet Presenze threw exception
    org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:503)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:103)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:950)
    org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:421)
    org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1070)
    org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:611)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:314)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
    java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

root cause

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Injection of autowired dependencies failed for class [class it.jenia.agnese.prova.Presenze]; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: it.jenia.ac.mail.rapportini.repository.CollaboratoreRepository it.jenia.agnese.prova.Presenze.collaboratoreRepository; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [it.jenia.ac.mail.rapportini.repository.CollaboratoreRepository] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
    org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.processInjection(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:306)
    org.springframework.web.context.support.SpringBeanAutowiringSupport.processInjectionBasedOnServletContext(SpringBeanAutowiringSupport.java:110)
    it.jenia.agnese.prova.Presenze.init(Presenze.java:45)
    org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:503)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:103)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:950)
    org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:421)
    org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1070)
    org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:611)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:314)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
    java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

root cause

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: it.jenia.ac.mail.rapportini.repository.CollaboratoreRepository it.jenia.agnese.prova.Presenze.collaboratoreRepository; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [it.jenia.ac.mail.rapportini.repository.CollaboratoreRepository] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
    org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:514)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.processInjection(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:303)
    org.springframework.web.context.support.SpringBeanAutowiringSupport.processInjectionBasedOnServletContext(SpringBeanAutowiringSupport.java:110)
    it.jenia.agnese.prova.Presenze.init(Presenze.java:45)
    org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:503)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:103)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:950)
    org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:421)
    org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1070)
    org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:611)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:314)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
    java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

root cause

org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [it.jenia.ac.mail.rapportini.repository.CollaboratoreRepository] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:986)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:856)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:768)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:486)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.processInjection(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:303)
    org.springframework.web.context.support.SpringBeanAutowiringSupport.processInjectionBasedOnServletContext(SpringBeanAutowiringSupport.java:110)
    it.jenia.agnese.prova.Presenze.init(Presenze.java:45)
    org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:503)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:103)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:950)
    org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:421)
    org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1070)
    org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:611)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:314)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
    java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

然而，总结一下，问题是它无法找到bean来自动装配servlet类中的repo。

我完成了我的＆＃34;新手＆＃34;资源，所以任何帮助将不胜感激..

PS。我忘了我有一个maven webapp，dir结构是：

src
---main
------java
----------it.jenia.agnese.prova
---------------Presenze.java
------resources
------webapp
----------META-INF
--------------test-prova-spring-configuration.xml
--------------MANIFEST.MF
----------WEB-INF
--------------web.xml
--------------spring
------------------app-config.xml
----------Presenze
--------------presenze.jsp

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：0)

问题出在配置文件中。我尝试移动META-IN目录但没有任何成功，然后我更改了这一行：

<import resource="classpath*:/test-prova-spring-configuration.xml" />

为：

<import resource="classpath*:/META-INF/test-prova-spring-configuration.xml" />

突然，服务器Tomcat给了我一些关于配置缺失类的输出（它们包含在我的maven pom.xml中但被标记为测试，因为我之前使用的配置仅用于测试范围）。当我从pom.xml中删除测试范围时，每个类都正常工作。我只需要更新maven项目并清理tomcat项目以使其工作。所以这是＆＃34; classpath＆＃34;的一个问题。不被承认。奇怪的是Tomcat没有给出关于xml没有找到的任何输出。应该有一种方法来记录配置加载过程来修复它。我从这个问题Printing path of spring.xml in classpath的答案中得到了一些启发。

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