我正在使用spring和hibernate使用sqlite作为数据库后端处理Web应用程序，并且我一直遇到错误。这是完整的堆栈跟踪：
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
at org.springframework.test.context.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:91)
at org.springframework.test.context.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:74)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:116)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:82)
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:212)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:199)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:251)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:253)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:216)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:82)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:60)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:67)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:162)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:160)
at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:74)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:211)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:67)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:134)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [spring/business-config.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.HibernateException: Unable to determine Dialect to use [name=SQLite, majorVersion=3]; user must register resolver or explicitly set 'hibernate.dialect'
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1568)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:540)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:476)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:229)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:298)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:193)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getBean(AbstractApplicationContext.java:956)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:747)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:480)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:125)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:60)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.delegateLoading(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:108)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:260)
at org.springframework.test.context.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:63)
at org.springframework.test.context.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:83)
... 28 more
Caused by: org.hibernate.HibernateException: Unable to determine Dialect to use [name=SQLite, majorVersion=3]; user must register resolver or explicitly set 'hibernate.dialect'
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.dialect.internal.DialectFactoryImpl.determineDialect(DialectFactoryImpl.java:111)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.dialect.internal.DialectFactoryImpl.buildDialect(DialectFactoryImpl.java:71)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.JdbcServicesImpl.configure(JdbcServicesImpl.java:165)
at org.hibernate.boot.registry.internal.StandardServiceRegistryImpl.configureService(StandardServiceRegistryImpl.java:111)
at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.initializeService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:234)
at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.getService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:206)
at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildTypeRegistrations(Configuration.java:1885)
at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildSessionFactory(Configuration.java:1843)
at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl$4.perform(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:850)
at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl$4.perform(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:843)
at org.hibernate.boot.registry.classloading.internal.ClassLoaderServiceImpl.withTccl(ClassLoaderServiceImpl.java:397)
at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.build(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:842)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.SpringHibernateJpaPersistenceProvider.createContainerEntityManagerFactory(SpringHibernateJpaPersistenceProvider.java:60)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.createNativeEntityManagerFactory(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:341)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:318)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1627)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1564)
... 43 more
Process finished with exit code -1
现在，我知道hibernate当前不支持sqlite，所以我在src / main / java / org.hibernate.dialect.SQLiteDialect中添加了一个文件。我从GitHub获得了文件，我知道它有效，因为我之前在项目中使用过它。无论如何它在这里：
/*
* The author disclaims copyright to this source code. In place of
* a legal notice, here is a blessing:
*
* May you do good and not evil.
* May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
* May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
*
*/
package org.hibernate.dialect;
import java.sql.Types;
import org.hibernate.dialect.function.StandardSQLFunction;
import org.hibernate.dialect.function.SQLFunctionTemplate;
import org.hibernate.dialect.function.VarArgsSQLFunction;
import org.hibernate.type.StandardBasicTypes;
import org.hibernate.Hibernate;
public class SQLiteDialect extends Dialect {
public SQLiteDialect() {
registerColumnType(Types.BIT, "integer");
registerColumnType(Types.TINYINT, "tinyint");
registerColumnType(Types.SMALLINT, "smallint");
registerColumnType(Types.INTEGER, "integer");
registerColumnType(Types.BIGINT, "bigint");
registerColumnType(Types.FLOAT, "float");
registerColumnType(Types.REAL, "real");
registerColumnType(Types.DOUBLE, "double");
registerColumnType(Types.NUMERIC, "numeric");
registerColumnType(Types.DECIMAL, "decimal");
registerColumnType(Types.CHAR, "char");
registerColumnType(Types.VARCHAR, "varchar");
registerColumnType(Types.LONGVARCHAR, "longvarchar");
registerColumnType(Types.DATE, "date");
registerColumnType(Types.TIME, "time");
registerColumnType(Types.TIMESTAMP, "timestamp");
registerColumnType(Types.BINARY, "blob");
registerColumnType(Types.VARBINARY, "blob");
registerColumnType(Types.LONGVARBINARY, "blob");
// registerColumnType(Types.NULL, "null");
registerColumnType(Types.BLOB, "blob");
registerColumnType(Types.CLOB, "clob");
registerColumnType(Types.BOOLEAN, "integer");
registerFunction("concat", new VarArgsSQLFunction(StandardBasicTypes.STRING, "", "||", ""));
registerFunction("mod", new SQLFunctionTemplate(StandardBasicTypes.INTEGER, "?1 % ?2"));
registerFunction("substr", new StandardSQLFunction("substr", StandardBasicTypes.STRING));
registerFunction("substring", new StandardSQLFunction("substr", StandardBasicTypes.STRING));
}
public boolean supportsIdentityColumns() {
return true;
}
/*
* public boolean supportsInsertSelectIdentity() { return true; // As
* specify in NHibernate dialect }
*/
public boolean hasDataTypeInIdentityColumn() {
return false; // As specify in NHibernate dialect
}
/*
* public String appendIdentitySelectToInsert(String insertString) { return
* new StringBuffer(insertString.length()+30). // As specify in NHibernate
* dialect append(insertString). append("; "
* ).append(getIdentitySelectString()). toString(); }
*/
public String getIdentityColumnString() {
// return "integer primary key autoincrement";
return "integer";
}
public String getIdentitySelectString() {
return "select last_insert_rowid()";
}
public boolean supportsLimit() {
return true;
}
protected String getLimitString(String query, boolean hasOffset) {
return new StringBuffer(query.length() + 20).append(query).append(hasOffset ? " limit ? offset ?" : " limit ?")
.toString();
}
public boolean supportsTemporaryTables() {
return true;
}
public String getCreateTemporaryTableString() {
return "create temporary table if not exists";
}
public boolean dropTemporaryTableAfterUse() {
return false;
}
public boolean supportsCurrentTimestampSelection() {
return true;
}
public boolean isCurrentTimestampSelectStringCallable() {
return false;
}
public String getCurrentTimestampSelectString() {
return "select current_timestamp";
}
public boolean supportsUnionAll() {
return true;
}
public boolean hasAlterTable() {
return false; // As specify in NHibernate dialect
}
public boolean dropConstraints() {
return false;
}
public String getAddColumnString() {
return "add column";
}
public String getForUpdateString() {
return "";
}
public boolean supportsOuterJoinForUpdate() {
return false;
}
public String getDropForeignKeyString() {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("No drop foreign key syntax supported by SQLiteDialect");
}
public String getAddForeignKeyConstraintString(String constraintName,
String [] foreignKey, String referencedTable, String [] primaryKey,
boolean referencesPrimaryKey) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("No add foreign key syntax supported by SQLiteDialect");
}
public String getAddPrimaryKeyConstraintString(String constraintName) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("No add primary key syntax supported by SQLiteDialect");
}
public boolean supportsIfExistsBeforeTableName() {
return true;
}
public boolean supportsCascadeDelete() {
return false;
}
}
这是我的测试代码：
package metrolink.core.repositories;
import metrolink.core.repositories.jpa.JpaStopRepo;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
/**
* Created by Scott Meyer on 10/9/14.
*/
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:spring/business-config.xml")
public class StopRepoTest {
@Autowired
private StopRepo repo;
@Test
public void test() {
}
}
这里是spring配置文件：
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="metrolink.core.repositories.jpa"/>
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="org.sqlite.JDBC" />
<property name="url" value="jdbc:sqlite:test" />
</bean>
<bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter"/>
</property>
<property name="jpaProperties">
<map>
<entry key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="create-drop"/>
<entry key="hibernate.show_sql" value="true"/>
</map>
</property>
<property name="packagesToScan" value="metrolink.core.models.entities"/>
</bean>
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="annotatedClasses">
<list>
<value>metrolink.Metrolink</value>
<value>metrolink.MetrolinkCalculator</value>
<value>metrolink.Stop</value>
<value>metrolink.StopTime</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.SQLiteDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!--<tx:annotation-driven/>-->
<!--<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager"/>-->
</beans>
如果您有任何其他需要并且事先感谢，请告诉我。