我应该编写一个程序，在用户给定的约束之间选择一个随机数，并要求用户输入关于这个数字是什么的猜测。该程序向用户提供关于该数字是否高于或低于用户猜测的反馈。记录猜测次数，游戏次数，所有游戏中使用的总猜测数以及一个游戏中使用的最低猜测次数。
打印出这些结果。负责运行游戏的函数（playGame（））和负责打印这些结果的函数（getGameResults（））必须采用两种不同的方法。
我的问题是，我不知道如何在playGame（）方法的整个过程中修改局部变量到getGameResults（）方法。
getGameResults（）旨在通过另一种方法continuePlayTest（）来调用，该方法测试用户的输入以确定他们是否希望继续玩游戏，所以我不认为调用getGameResults（）将起作用，否则此测试也将无效。除非我在playGame（）中调用continuePlayTest（），但是continuePlayTest（）在其代码中调用playGame（），这样会使事情变得复杂。
我们只能使用我们学到的概念。我们不能使用任何概念。 到目前为止，我们已经学会了如何使用静态方法，for循环，while循环，if / else语句和变量。全局变量是不好的样式，所以不能使用它们。
代码：
public class Guess {
public static int MAXIMUM = 100;
public static void main(String[] args) {
boolean whileTest = false;
gameIntroduction();
Scanner console = new Scanner(System.in);
playGame(console);
}
// Prints the instructions for the game.
public static void gameIntroduction() {
System.out.println("This process allows you to play a guessing game.");
System.out.println("I will think of a number between 1 and");
System.out.println(MAXIMUM + " and will allow you to guess until");
System.out.println("you get it. For each guess, I will tell you");
System.out.println("whether the right answer is higher or lower");
System.out.println("than your guess.");
System.out.println();
}
//Takes the user's input and compares it to a randomly selected number.
public static void playGame(Scanner console) {
int guesses = 0;
boolean playTest = false;
boolean gameTest = false;
int lastGameGuesses = guesses;
int numberGuess = 0;
int totalGuesses = 0;
int bestGame = 0;
int games = 0;
guesses = 0;
games++;
System.out.println("I'm thinking of a number between 1 and " + MAXIMUM + "...");
Random number = new Random();
int randomNumber = number.nextInt(MAXIMUM) + 1;
while (!(gameTest)){
System.out.print("Your guess? ");
numberGuess = console.nextInt();
guesses++;
if (randomNumber < numberGuess){
System.out.println("It's lower.");
} else if (randomNumber > numberGuess){
System.out.println("It's higher.");
} else {
gameTest = true;
}
bestGame = guesses;
if (guesses < lastGameGuesses) {
bestGame = guesses;
}
}
System.out.println("You got it right in " + guesses + " guesses");
totalGuesses += guesses;
continueTest(playTest, console, games, totalGuesses, guesses, bestGame);
}
public static void continueTest(boolean test, Scanner console, int games, int totalGuesses, int guesses, int bestGame) {
while (!(test)){
System.out.print("Do you want to play again? ");
String inputTest = (console.next()).toUpperCase();
if (inputTest.contains("Y")){
playGame(console);
} else if (inputTest.contains("N")){
test = true;
}
}
getGameResults(games, totalGuesses, guesses, bestGame);
}
// Prints the results of the game, in terms of the total number
// of games, total guesses, average guesses per game and best game.
public static void getGameResults(int games, int totalGuesses, int guesses, int bestGame) {
System.out.println("Overall results:");
System.out.println("\ttotal games = " + games);
System.out.println("\ttotal guesses = " + totalGuesses);
System.out.println("\tguesses/games = " + ((double)Math.round(guesses/games) * 100)/100);
System.out.println("\tbest game = " + bestGame);
}
}
答案 0 :(得分：0)
在函数之间传递变量是一个问题吗？例如：
public static void getGameResults(int games, int totalGuesses, int guesses, int bestGame) {
// implementation
}
另一个选项，假设这是一个类，使用私有静态memeber变量。他们不是全球性的。然后，您的老师可能会认为这些任务可能会“全球化”。
答案 1 :(得分：0)
如果你不能使用“全局”变量，我想你唯一的选择是在调用方法时传递参数。如果您不知道如何声明和使用带参数的方法，我不知道另一个答案。
修改/添加
在您指定了问题，情况并发布了代码后，我得到了一个包含评论的工作解决方案。
public class Guess {
public static int MAXIMUM = 100;
public static void main(String[] args) {
boolean play = true; // true while we want to play, gets false when we quit
int totalGuesses = 0; // how many guesses at all
int bestGame = Integer.MAX_VALUE; // the best games gets the maximum value. so every game would be better than this
int totalGames = 0; // how many games played in total
Scanner console = new Scanner(System.in); // our scanner which we pass
gameIntroduction(); // show the instructions
while (play) { // while we want to play
int lastGame = playGame(console); // run playGame(console) which returns the guesses needed in that round
totalGames++; // We played a game, so we increase our counter
if (lastGame < bestGame) bestGame = lastGame; // if we needed less guesses last round than in our best game we have a new bestgame
totalGuesses += lastGame; // our last guesses are added to totalGuesses (totalGuesses += lastGame equals totalGuesses + totalGuesses + lastGame)
play = checkPlayNextGame(console); // play saves if we want to play another round or not, whats "calculated" and returned by checkPlayNextGame(console)
}
getGameResults(totalGames, totalGuesses, bestGame); // print our final results when we are done
}
// Prints the instructions for the game.
public static void gameIntroduction() {
System.out.println("This process allows you to play a guessing game.");
System.out.println("I will think of a number between 1 and");
System.out.println(MAXIMUM + " and will allow you to guess until");
System.out.println("you get it. For each guess, I will tell you");
System.out.println("whether the right answer is higher or lower");
System.out.println("than your guess.");
System.out.println();
}
// Takes the user's input and compares it to a randomly selected number.
public static int playGame(Scanner console) {
int guesses = 0; // how many guesses we needed
int guess = 0; // make it zero, so it cant be automatic correct
System.out.println("I'm thinking of a number between 1 and " + MAXIMUM + "...");
int randomNumber = (int) (Math.random() * MAXIMUM + 1); // make our random number. we don't need the Random class with its object for that task
while (guess != randomNumber) { // while the guess isnt the random number we ask for new guesses
System.out.print("Your guess? ");
guess = console.nextInt(); // read the guess
guesses++; // increase guesses
// check if the guess is lower or higher than the number
if (randomNumber < guess)
System.out.println("It's lower.");
else if (randomNumber > guess)
System.out.println("It's higher.");
}
System.out.println("You got it right in " + guesses + " guesses"); // Say how much guesses we needed
return guesses; // this round is over, we return the number of guesses needed
}
public static boolean checkPlayNextGame(Scanner console) {
// check if we want to play another round
System.out.print("Do you want to play again? ");
String input = (console.next()).toUpperCase(); // read the input
if (input.contains("Y")) return true; // if the input contains Y return true: we want play another round (hint: don't use contains. use equals("yes") for example)
else return false; // otherwise return false: we finished and dont want to play another round
}
// Prints the results of the game, in terms of the total number
// of games, total guesses, average guesses per game and best game.
public static void getGameResults(int totalGames, int totalGuesses, int bestGame) {
// here you passed the total guesses twice. that isnt necessary.
System.out.println("Overall results:");
System.out.println("\ttotal games = " + totalGames);
System.out.println("\ttotal guesses = " + totalGuesses);
System.out.println("\tguesses/games = " + ((double) (totalGuesses) / (double) (totalGames))); // cast the numbers to double to get a double result. not the best way, but it works :D
System.out.println("\tbest game = " + bestGame);
}
}
希望我能提供帮助。
答案 2 :(得分：0)
鉴于您只学会了如何使用静态方法，您唯一的选择是通过其参数将信息从函数传递给函数。