我正在尝试创建一个机器目录结构的JSON,给出一个包含所有文件和路径的数组。
数组看起来像这样:
string[] dirArray = {
"./proc/15/task/15/exe",
"./proc/15/task/15/mounts/mounts.xml",
"./proc/15/task/15/mountinfo/mountinfo.xml",
"./proc/15/task/15/clear_refs/clear_ref.xml",
"./proc/14/loginuid/loginuid.xml",
"./proc/14/sessionid/sessionid.xml",
"./proc/14/coredump_filter/coredump_filter.xml",
"./proc/14/io/io.xml"
}
我的目标JSON是这样的:
{
".":
{
"file":
{
"name":"fileInRoot.xml"
},
"proc":
{
"file":
{
"name":"fileInProc.xml"
},
"15":
{
"file":
{
"name":"fileIn15.xml"
},
"task":
{
"file":
{
"name":"fileInTask.xml"
},
"15":
{
"file":
{
"name":"fileInTask.xml"
},
"mounts":
{
"file":
{
"name":"fileInMounts.xml"
}
},
"mountsInfo":
{
"file":
{
"name":"fileInMountsInfo.xml"
}
},
"clear_refs":
{
"file":
{
"name":"fileInClear_Refs.xml"
}
}
}
}
},
"14":
{
"file":
{
"name":"fileIn14.xml"
},
"task":
{
"file":
{
"name":"fileInTask.xml"
},
"loginUid":
{
"file":
{
"name":"fileInloginUid.xml"
}
},
"sessionid":
{
"file":
{
"name":"fileInsessionid.xml"
}
},
"coreDump_filter":
{
"file":
{
"name":"fileIncoreDump_filter.xml"
}
},
"io":
{
"file":
{
"name":"fileInIo.xml"
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
我想创建一个JSON文件,允许JSON的使用者组件浏览此目录结构。我一直在尝试使用Directory
,File
和Path
类,但最好的方法是使用java.serializor(?)类来构建JSON,因为我循环遍历数组,我去的时候解析它的目录和文件?
答案 0 :(得分:8)
我想我会把它分成两部分来解决这个问题。首先,我们需要一种方法来解析目录/文件路径数组并将其放入分层结构中。其次,我们需要采用该结构并将其转换为JSON。 (我不能完全确定你想要使用哪个序列化程序的问题,所以对于这个答案我会假设Json.Net没问题。)
对于第一部分,我将创建一个Dir
类,它具有名称,子目录字典(便于查找)和一组文件。我们可以在这个类中创建一个方法,它将解析一个路径并找到或添加适当的子对象。
class Dir
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public Dictionary<string, Dir> Dirs { get; set; }
public HashSet<string> Files { get; set; }
public Dir(string name)
{
Name = name;
Dirs = new Dictionary<string, Dir>();
Files = new HashSet<string>();
}
public Dir FindOrCreate(string path, bool mightBeFile = true)
{
int i = path.IndexOf('/');
if (i > -1)
{
Dir dir = FindOrCreate(path.Substring(0, i), false);
return dir.FindOrCreate(path.Substring(i + 1), true);
}
if (path == "") return this;
// if the name is at the end of a path and contains a "."
// we assume it is a file (unless it is "." by itself)
if (mightBeFile && path != "." && path.Contains("."))
{
Files.Add(path);
return this;
}
Dir child;
if (Dirs.ContainsKey(path))
{
child = Dirs[path];
}
else
{
child = new Dir(path);
Dirs.Add(path, child);
}
return child;
}
}
使用这个类,我们可以轻松遍历问题中给出的dirArray
并创建目录层次结构:
Dir root = new Dir("");
foreach (string dir in dirArray)
{
root.FindOrCreate(dir);
}
所以在这一点上,root
现在拥有整个目录层次结构。如果您愿意,可以直接使用Json.Net序列化此对象以获得合理的JSON结构。但是,它会比您在问题中描述的更加冗长。这是将要生成的JSON:
{
"Name": "",
"Dirs": {
".": {
"Name": ".",
"Dirs": {
"proc": {
"Name": "proc",
"Dirs": {
"15": {
"Name": "15",
"Dirs": {
"task": {
"Name": "task",
"Dirs": {
"15": {
"Name": "15",
"Dirs": {
"exe": {
"Name": "exe",
"Dirs": {},
"Files": []
},
"mounts": {
"Name": "mounts",
"Dirs": {},
"Files": [
"mounts.xml"
]
},
"mountinfo": {
"Name": "mountinfo",
"Dirs": {},
"Files": [
"mountinfo.xml",
"moremountinfo.xml"
]
},
"clear_refs": {
"Name": "clear_refs",
"Dirs": {},
"Files": [
"clear_ref.xml"
]
}
},
"Files": []
}
},
"Files": []
}
},
"Files": []
},
"14": {
"Name": "14",
"Dirs": {
"loginuid": {
"Name": "loginuid",
"Dirs": {},
"Files": [
"loginuid.xml"
]
},
"sessionid": {
"Name": "sessionid",
"Dirs": {},
"Files": [
"sessionid.xml"
]
},
"coredump_filter": {
"Name": "coredump_filter",
"Dirs": {},
"Files": [
"coredump_filter.xml"
]
},
"io": {
"Name": "io",
"Dirs": {},
"Files": [
"io.xml"
]
}
},
"Files": []
}
},
"Files": []
}
},
"Files": []
}
},
"Files": []
}
要获得您的目标JSON,我们需要一个JsonConverter
类:
class DirConverter : JsonConverter
{
public override bool CanConvert(Type objectType)
{
return (objectType == typeof(Dir));
}
public override void WriteJson(JsonWriter writer, object value, JsonSerializer serializer)
{
Dir dir = (Dir)value;
JObject obj = new JObject();
if (dir.Files.Count > 0)
{
JArray files = new JArray();
foreach (string name in dir.Files)
{
files.Add(new JValue(name));
}
obj.Add("list_of_files", files);
}
foreach (var kvp in dir.Dirs)
{
obj.Add(kvp.Key, JToken.FromObject(kvp.Value, serializer));
}
obj.WriteTo(writer);
}
public override bool CanRead
{
get { return false; }
}
public override object ReadJson(JsonReader reader, Type objectType, object existingValue, JsonSerializer serializer)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
}
我们可以使用转换器序列化目录层次结构,如下所示:
JsonSerializerSettings settings = new JsonSerializerSettings();
settings.Converters.Add(new DirConverter());
settings.Formatting = Formatting.Indented;
string json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(root, settings);
这是输出。请注意,我更改了&#34;文件&#34;原始JSON到数组的属性,并将其重命名为&#34; list_of_files&#34;根据您的评论,为每个目录提供多个文件的可能性。我还假设永远不会有一个名为&#34; list_of_files&#34;的实际目录。如果可能,您需要将files数组的名称更改为不会与任何目录名冲突的其他名称。 (如果您遇到错误,说明&#34; Can not add property list_of_files to Newtonsoft.Json.Linq.JObject. Property with the same name already exists on object
&#34;这意味着您的数据中有一个目录,其名称为&#34; list_of_files&#34;。)
{
".": {
"proc": {
"15": {
"task": {
"15": {
"exe": {},
"mounts": {
"list_of_files": [
"mounts.xml"
]
},
"mountinfo": {
"list_of_files": [
"mountinfo.xml"
]
},
"clear_refs": {
"list_of_files": [
"clear_ref.xml"
]
}
}
}
},
"14": {
"loginuid": {
"list_of_files": [
"loginuid.xml"
]
},
"sessionid": {
"list_of_files": [
"sessionid.xml"
]
},
"coredump_filter": {
"list_of_files": [
"coredump_filter.xml"
]
},
"io": {
"list_of_files": [
"io.xml"
]
}
}
}
}
}