我的Django测试代码中出现了一个奇怪的错误。
完整代码：
from .models import MIN_BIRTH_YEAR
from .models import UserProfile
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.test import TestCase
import factory
TEST_USERS = []
TEST_PASSWORD = 'password123abc'
class UserProfileFactory(factory.django.DjangoModelFactory):
class Meta:
model = UserProfile
birth_year = factory.Sequence(lambda n: n + MIN_BIRTH_YEAR - 1)
class UserFactory(factory.django.DjangoModelFactory):
class Meta:
model = User
profile = factory.RelatedFactory(UserProfileFactory, 'user')
username = factory.Sequence(lambda n: 'test_username{}'.format(n))
first_name = factory.Sequence(lambda n: 'test_first_name{}'.format(n))
last_name = factory.Sequence(lambda n: 'test_last_name{}'.format(n))
email = factory.Sequence(lambda n: 'test_email{}@example.com'.format(n))
password = factory.PostGenerationMethodCall('set_password', TEST_PASSWORD)
def create_insert_test_users():
for i in range(5):
TEST_USERS.append(UserFactory.create())
def _test_one_logged_in_user(test_instance, test_user_index):
"""
In addition to public information, private content for a single
logged-in user should be somewhere on the page.
"""
test_instance.client.logout()
test_user = TEST_USERS[test_user_index]
print('Attempting to login:')
profile = test_user.profile
print('test_user.id=' + str(test_user.id))
print(' username=' + test_user.username + ', password=' + TEST_PASSWORD)
print(' first_name=' + test_user.first_name + ', last_name=' + test_user.last_name)
print(' email=' + test_user.email)
print(' profile=' + str(profile))
print(' profile.birth_year=' + str(profile.birth_year))
续。这是我正在谈论的登录行。此_test_one_logged_in_user函数由下面的倒数第二行（_test_one_logged_in_user(self, 0)）调用：
did_login_succeed = test_instance.client.login(
username=test_user.username,
password=TEST_PASSWORD)
test_instance.assertTrue(did_login_succeed)
##########################################
# GET PAGE AND TEST ITS CONTENTS HERE...
##########################################
class MainPageTestCase(TestCase):
"""Tests for the main page."""
def setUp(self_ignored):
"""Insert test users."""
create_insert_test_users()
def test_true_is_true(self):
"""Public information should be somewhere on the page."""
self.assertTrue(True)
def test_logged_in_users(self):
"""
In addition to public information, private content for logged in
users should also be somewhere on the page.
"""
_test_one_logged_in_user(self, 0)
_test_one_logged_in_user(self, 1)
这很好用。一切都过去了。但是将test_true_is_true的名称更改为test_content_not_logged_in
def test_content_not_logged_in(self):
"""Public information should be somewhere on the page."""
self.assertTrue(True)
和test_instance.client.login现在返回False ...导致其下面的断言
test_instance.assertTrue(did_login_succeed)
失败：AssertionError: False is not true。但是，如果注释掉整个函数，它会成功（登录返回True）。
# def test_content_not_logged_in(self):
# """Public information should be somewhere on the page."""
# self.assertTrue(True)
如果您取消注释并将其重命名为以下任何一项，则可以：
test_xcontent_not_logged_in test__content_not_logged_in test_not_logged_in 其中任何一项都失败了：
test_ctrue_is_true test_cxontent_not_logged_in test_contentnot_logged_in test_contennot_logged_in test_contenot_logged_in test_contnot_logged_in test_connot_logged_in test_cnot_logged_in test_c （我＆＃39; ve searched for test_c并找到了某些内容，但没有任何内容表明任何特别的内容。）
这似乎意味着setUp函数对test_content_not_logged_in（平凡函数）运行一次，然后对test_logged_in_users运行一次。这次运行两次都会导致问题。所以我更改了它，因此仅在TEST_USER数组为空时才创建用户：
def create_insert_test_users():
if len(TEST_USERS) == 0:
for i in range(5):
TEST_USERS.append(UserFactory.create())
但它仍然失败，我可以确认它的用户ID为1时失败了：
$ python -Wall manage.py test auth_lifecycle.test__view_main2
/home/jeffy/django_files/django_auth_lifecycle_venv/lib/python3.4/site.py:165: DeprecationWarning: 'U' mode is deprecated
f = open(fullname, "rU")
/home/jeffy/django_files/django_auth_lifecycle_venv/lib/python3.4/imp.py:32: PendingDeprecationWarning: the imp module is deprecated in favour of importlib; see the module's documentation for alternative uses
PendingDeprecationWarning)
Creating test database for alias 'default'...
.Attempting to login:
test_user.id=1
username=test_username1, password=password123abc
first_name=test_first_name1, last_name=test_last_name1
email=test_email1@example.com
profile=test_username1
profile.birth_year=1887
F
======================================================================
FAIL: test_logged_in_users (auth_lifecycle.test__view_main2.MainPageTestCase)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/jeffy/django_files/django_auth_lifecycle/auth_lifecycle/test__view_main2.py", line 74, in test_logged_in_users
_test_one_logged_in_user(self, 0)
File "/home/jeffy/django_files/django_auth_lifecycle/auth_lifecycle/test__view_main2.py", line 53, in _test_one_logged_in_user
test_instance.assertTrue(did_login_succeed)
AssertionError: False is not true
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 0.385s
FAILED (failures=1)
Destroying test database for alias 'default'...
models.py：
"""Defines a single extra user-profile field for the user-authentication
lifecycle demo project:
- Birth year, which must be between <link to MIN_BIRTH_YEAR> and
<link to MAX_BIRTH_YEAR>, inclusive.
"""
from datetime import datetime
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError
from django.db import models
OLDEST_EVER_AGE = 127 #:Equal to `127`
YOUNGEST_ALLOWED_IN_SYSTEM_AGE = 13 #:Equal to `13`
MAX_BIRTH_YEAR = datetime.now().year - YOUNGEST_ALLOWED_IN_SYSTEM_AGE
"""Most recent allowed birth year for (youngest) users."""
MIN_BIRTH_YEAR = datetime.now().year - OLDEST_EVER_AGE
"""Most distant allowed birth year for (oldest) users."""
def _validate_birth_year(birth_year_str):
"""Validator for <link to UserProfile.birth_year>, ensuring the
selected year is between <link to OLDEST_EVER_AGE> and
<link to MAX_BIRTH_YEAR>, inclusive.
Raises:
ValidationError: When the selected year is invalid.
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.7/ref/validators/
I am a recovered Hungarian Notation junkie (I come from Java). I
stopped using it long before I started with Python. In this
particular function, however, because of the necessary cast, it's
appropriate.
"""
birth_year_int = -1
try:
birth_year_int = int(str(birth_year_str).strip())
except TypeError:
raise ValidationError(u'"{0}" is not an integer'.format(birth_year_str))
if not (MIN_BIRTH_YEAR <= birth_year_int <= MAX_BIRTH_YEAR):
message = (u'{0} is an invalid birth year.'
u'Must be between {1} and {2}, inclusive')
raise ValidationError(message.format(
birth_year_str, MIN_BIRTH_YEAR, MAX_BIRTH_YEAR))
#It's all good.
class UserProfile(models.Model):
"""Extra information about a user: Birth year.
---NOTES---
Useful related SQL:
- `select id from auth_user where username <> 'admin';`
- `select * from auth_lifecycle_userprofile where user_id=(x,x,...);`
"""
# This line is required. Links UserProfile to a User model instance.
user = models.OneToOneField(User, related_name="profile")
# The additional attributes we wish to include.
birth_year = models.IntegerField(
blank=True,
verbose_name="Year you were born",
validators=[_validate_birth_year])
# Override the __str__() method to return out something meaningful
def __str__(self):
return self.user.username
答案 0 :(得分：2)
更改测试名称时，可以更改测试运行的顺序。 test_logged_in_users方法在test_true_is_true之前运行，但在test_c_whatever之后运行（可能是因为它以alpha或某种顺序运行它们）。这就是为什么你会看到名称变化的怪异。
正如您所知，您的setUp方法针对每个测试用例运行。当setUp第一次运行时，将创建用户并将其保存到DB和TEST_USERS。第二次测试运行时，将刷新数据库，并删除所有用户。由TEST_USERS表示的用户（它们仍在您的列表中，因为您的全局变量在测试用例中保持不变）在数据库中不再存在。
您可以通过重置TEST_USERS来使测试通过原始代码，如下所示：
def create_insert_test_users():
# global tells python to use the TEST_USERS above, not create a new one
global TEST_USERS
TEST_USERS = []
# Your code here...
现在，TEST_USERS代表与数据库中的用户匹配的新的真实用户。一般来说，全局变量是一个坏主意（for several reasons，你在其中经历的混乱）。即时创建它们（正如您在最新更新中所做的那样）是一个更好的解决方案。
答案 1 :(得分：1)
TestCase会通过查找以test
来自文档：
使用名称开头的方法定义各个测试 用字母测试。此命名约定通知测试运行器 关于哪些方法代表测试。
因此，当您重命名a_trivial_function时，它会更改是否被视为测试。
答案 2 :(得分：0)
原始代码在本地存储TEST_USERS，并且似乎静态保持的对象在测试之间共享时会导致问题。我天真地认为在本地存储对象很重要，以便将数据库值与它进行比较。这意味着我不相信Django或Factory Boy正确地将它们插入到数据库中，他们可以很好地处理它。
这是更新的代码，仅存储数据库中的对象。我还将包含login的内容子函数直接移动到底部函数中。
from .models import MIN_BIRTH_YEAR
from .models import UserProfile
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.test import TestCase
import factory
TEST_PASSWORD = 'password123abc'
TEST_USER_COUNT = 5
class UserProfileFactory(factory.django.DjangoModelFactory):
class Meta:
model = UserProfile
birth_year = factory.Sequence(lambda n: n + MIN_BIRTH_YEAR - 1)
class UserFactory(factory.django.DjangoModelFactory):
class Meta:
model = User
profile = factory.RelatedFactory(UserProfileFactory, 'user')
username = factory.Sequence(lambda n: 'test_username{}'.format(n))
#print('username=' + username)
first_name = factory.Sequence(lambda n: 'test_first_name{}'.format(n))
last_name = factory.Sequence(lambda n: 'test_last_name{}'.format(n))
email = factory.Sequence(lambda n: 'test_email{}@example.com'.format(n))
password = factory.PostGenerationMethodCall('set_password', TEST_PASSWORD)
class MainPageTestCase(TestCase):
"""Tests for the main page."""
def setUp(self_ignored):
"""Insert test users."""
#print('a User.objects.count()=' + str(User.objects.count()))
#http://factoryboy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/reference.html?highlight=create#factory.create_batch
UserFactory.create_batch(TEST_USER_COUNT)
#print('b User.objects.count()=' + str(User.objects.count()))
（续）：
def test_ctrue_is_true(self):
"""Public information should be somewhere on the page."""
self.assertTrue(True)
def test_some_logged_in_users(self):
"""
In addition to public information, private content for logged in
users should also be somewhere on the page.
"""
for n in range(2):
self.client.logout()
test_user = UserFactory()
print('Attempting to login:')
profile = test_user.profile
print('test_user.id=' + str(test_user.id))
print(' username=' + test_user.username + ', password=' + TEST_PASSWORD)
print(' first_name=' + test_user.first_name + ', last_name=' + test_user.last_name)
print(' email=' + test_user.email)
print(' profile=' + str(profile))
print(' profile.birth_year=' + str(profile.birth_year))
did_login_succeed = self.client.login(
username=test_user.username,
password=TEST_PASSWORD)
self.assertTrue(did_login_succeed)
##########################################
# GET PAGE AND TEST ITS CONTENTS HERE...
##########################################