找到最接近的双打数组

时间:2010-04-15 19:49:56

标签: c# asp.net

根据下面的代码,如何将对象列表的值与测试值进行比较?

我正在构建地理定位应用程序。我将在经度和纬度上通过,并希望服务回答最接近这些值的位置。

我开始转换为字符串的路径,并将值格式化为两个小数位,但这似乎有点太多了,我正在寻找更优雅的解决方案。

public class Location : IEnumerable
{
    public string label { get; set; }
    public double lat { get; set; }
    public double lon { get; set; }

    //Implement IEnumerable
    public IEnumerator GetEnumerator()
    {
        return (IEnumerator)this;
    }

}
[HandleError]
public class HomeController : Controller
{
    private List<Location> myList = new List<Location>
 {             
    new Location {
        label="Atlanta Midtown", 
        lon=33.657674, 
        lat=-84.423130},
    new Location {
        label="Atlanta Airport", 
        lon=33.794151, 
        lat=-84.387228},
    new Location {
        label="Stamford, CT", 
        lon=41.053758, 
        lat=-73.530979}, ...
}

 public static int Main(String[] args)
 {
     string inLat = "-80.987654";
     double dblInLat = double.Parse(inLat);

     // here's where I would like to find the closest location to the inLat
     // once I figure out this, I'll implement the Longitude, and I'll be set
 }

4 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

如果你不想得到奇怪的结果,你会想要使用正确的距离公式:

double CalculateDistance(double lat1, double lon1, double lat2, double lon2)
{
    const double R = 6371;
    return Math.Acos(
        Math.Sin(lat1) * Math.Sin(lat2) +
        Math.Cos(lat1) * Math.Cos(lat2) * Math.Cos(lon2 - lon1)) * R;
}

我希望这是正确的公式,我的数学可能会有点生疏。所有参数都需要以rad为单位,所以如果你以度为单位输入输入,那么也要写一个实用方法:

double DegToRad(double deg)
{
    return deg * Math.PI / 180.0;
}

无论如何,在那之后,你可以找出最短的距离:

Location GetClosestLocation(Location origin)
{
    double olatr = DegToRad(origin.Lat);
    double olonr = DegToRad(origin.Lon);
    return
        (from l in locations
         let latr = DegToRad(l.Lat)
         let lonr = DegToRad(l.Lon)
         orderby CalculateDistance(latr, lonr, olatr, olonr))
        .FirstOrDefault();
}

这在技术上不是最高性能的解决方案,因为它必须进行排序,但是没有漂亮的Linq扩展方法来做投影min。如果你想要,你必须编写自己的foreach循环:

Location GetClosestLocation(Location origin)
{
    double olatr = DegToRad(origin.Lat);
    double olonr = DegToRad(origin.Lon);
    Location closest = null;
    double minDistance = double.MaxValue;
    foreach (Location l in locations)
    {
        double latr = DegToRad(l.Lat);
        double lonr = DegToRad(l.Lon);
        double dist = CalculateDistance(latr, lonr, olatr, olonr));
        if (dist < minDistance)
        {
            minDistance = dist;
            closest = l;
        }
    }
    return closest;
}

答案 1 :(得分:0)

我认为最简单的方法是做到以下几点。但不是大多数表现者:)

遍历列表并计算每个位置与参考位置之间的距离。在每一步,检查这是否是你到目前为止看到的最短距离并存储。一旦到达列表的末尾,您将在存储的变量中拥有最接近的位置。

如果您正在谈论大量的地点并且计划进行许多这种性质的空间查询,您可以考虑在数据上设置四叉树索引。

这是我在快速'Bing'后找到的链接,它应该有助于距离计算,我希望。请参阅此链接:

http://www.delphiforfun.org/Programs/Math_Topics/Lat-Long%20Distance.htm

答案 2 :(得分:0)

您需要多准确?它被称为大圆距离。

参见例如http://www.movable-type.co.uk/scripts/gis-faq-5.1.html

答案 3 :(得分:0)

我发现有人创建this,使用几种不同的方法之一计算全球两个距离之间的距离。我不得不将.NET项目转换为更新的VS2008,但这似乎工作正常。然后我将这个项目添加到我的解决方案中并引用它。

我的代码变成了:

string inLat = "-80.987654";
string inLon = "33.521478";
var miles = GetNearestLocation(inLat, inLon);

public double GetNearestLocation(string lat, string lon)
{
    double dblInLat = double.Parse(lat);
    double dblInLon = double.Parse(lon);

    // instantiate the calculator
    GeodeticCalculator geoCalc = new GeodeticCalculator();

    // select a reference elllipsoid
    Ellipsoid reference = Ellipsoid.WGS84;

    // set user's current coordinates
    GlobalCoordinates userLocation;
    userLocation = new GlobalCoordinates(
        new Angle(dblInLon), new Angle(dblInLat)
    );

    // set example coordinates- when fully fleshed out, 
    //    this would be passed into this method
    GlobalCoordinates testLocation;
    testLocation= new GlobalCoordinates(
        new Angle(41.88253), new Angle(-87.624207) // lon, then lat
    );

    // calculate the geodetic curve
    GeodeticCurve geoCurve = geoCalc.CalculateGeodeticCurve(reference, userLocation, testLocation);
    double ellipseKilometers = geoCurve.EllipsoidalDistance / 1000.0;
    double ellipseMiles = ellipseKilometers * 0.621371192;
    /*
    Console.WriteLine("2-D path from input location to test location using WGS84");
    Console.WriteLine("   Ellipsoidal Distance: {0:0.00} kilometers ({1:0.00} miles)", ellipseKilometers, ellipseMiles);
    Console.WriteLine("   Azimuth:              {0:0.00} degrees", geoCurve.Azimuth.Degrees);
    Console.WriteLine("   Reverse Azimuth:      {0:0.00} degrees", geoCurve.ReverseAzimuth.Degrees);
    */
    return ellipseMiles;
}