Question

以下代码无法使用Visual Studio 2013进行编译：

#include <vector>

struct X {
    X() = default;
    X(const X&) = delete;
    X& operator=(const X&) = delete;
    X(X&&) = delete;
    X& operator=(X&&) = delete;
    ~X() = default;
};

void foo()
{
    std::vector<X> v;
    std::vector<X> w;
    w = std::move(v);
}

错误消息显示

error C2280: 'X::X(X &&)' : attempting to reference a deleted function

这对我没有意义。您不需要X的移动构造函数来移动vector<X>。这是编译器错误，还是我错过了什么？

以下是完整的错误消息：

C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\xmemory0(600): error C2280: 'X::X(X &&)' : attempting to reference a deleted function
    Test.cpp(9) : see declaration of 'X::X'
    C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\xmemory0(723) : see reference to function template instantiation 'void std::allocator<_Ty>::construct<_Objty,_Ty>(_Objty *,_Ty &&)' being compiled
    with
    [
        _Ty=X
    ,   _Objty=X
    ]
    C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\xmemory0(723) : see reference to function template instantiation 'void std::allocator<_Ty>::construct<_Objty,_Ty>(_Objty *,_Ty &&)' being compiled
    with
    [
        _Ty=X
    ,   _Objty=X
    ]
    C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\xmemory0(872) : see reference to function template instantiation 'void std::allocator_traits<_Alloc>::construct<_Ty,_Ty>(std::allocator<_Ty> &,_Objty *,_Ty &&)' being compiled
    with
    [
        _Alloc=std::allocator<X>
    ,   _Ty=X
    ,   _Objty=X
    ]
    C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\xmemory0(872) : see reference to function template instantiation 'void std::allocator_traits<_Alloc>::construct<_Ty,_Ty>(std::allocator<_Ty> &,_Objty *,_Ty &&)' being compiled
    with
    [
        _Alloc=std::allocator<X>
    ,   _Ty=X
    ,   _Objty=X
    ]
    C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\xmemory(378) : see reference to function template instantiation 'void std::_Wrap_alloc<std::allocator<_Ty>>::construct<X,X>(_Ty *,X &&)' being compiled
    with
    [
        _Ty=X
    ]
    C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\xmemory(378) : see reference to function template instantiation 'void std::_Wrap_alloc<std::allocator<_Ty>>::construct<X,X>(_Ty *,X &&)' being compiled
    with
    [
        _Ty=X
    ]
    C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\xmemory(416) : see reference to function template instantiation '_FwdIt std::_Uninit_copy<_InIt,_FwdIt,std::allocator<_Ty>>(_InIt,_InIt,_FwdIt,std::_Wrap_alloc<std::allocator<_Ty>> &,std::_Nonscalar_ptr_iterator_tag)' being compiled
    with
    [
        _FwdIt=X *
    ,   _InIt=std::move_iterator<std::_Vector_iterator<std::_Vector_val<std::_Simple_types<X>>>>
    ,   _Ty=X
    ]
    C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\xmemory(427) : see reference to function template instantiation '_FwdIt std::_Uninit_copy<_Iter,X,_Alloc>(_InIt,_InIt,_FwdIt,_Alloc &)' being compiled
    with
    [
        _FwdIt=X *
    ,   _Iter=std::move_iterator<std::_Vector_iterator<std::_Vector_val<std::_Simple_types<X>>>>
    ,   _Alloc=std::_Wrap_alloc<std::allocator<X>>
    ,   _InIt=std::move_iterator<std::_Vector_iterator<std::_Vector_val<std::_Simple_types<X>>>>
    ]
    C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\vector(1640) : see reference to function template instantiation '_FwdIt std::_Uninitialized_copy<_Iter,X*,std::_Wrap_alloc<std::allocator<_Ty>>>(_InIt,_InIt,_FwdIt,_Alloc &)' being compiled
    with
    [
        _FwdIt=X *
    ,   _Iter=std::move_iterator<std::_Vector_iterator<std::_Vector_val<std::_Simple_types<X>>>>
    ,   _Ty=X
    ,   _InIt=std::move_iterator<std::_Vector_iterator<std::_Vector_val<std::_Simple_types<X>>>>
    ,   _Alloc=std::_Wrap_alloc<std::allocator<X>>
    ]
    C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\vector(789) : see reference to function template instantiation 'X *std::vector<X,std::allocator<_Ty>>::_Ucopy<_Iter>(_Iter,_Iter,X *)' being compiled
    with
    [
        _Ty=X
    ,   _Iter=std::move_iterator<std::_Vector_iterator<std::_Vector_val<std::_Simple_types<X>>>>
    ]
    C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\vector(789) : see reference to function template instantiation 'X *std::vector<X,std::allocator<_Ty>>::_Ucopy<_Iter>(_Iter,_Iter,X *)' being compiled
    with
    [
        _Ty=X
    ,   _Iter=std::move_iterator<std::_Vector_iterator<std::_Vector_val<std::_Simple_types<X>>>>
    ]
    C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\vector(766) : see reference to function template instantiation 'void std::vector<X,std::allocator<_Ty>>::_Construct<_Iter>(_Iter,_Iter,std::forward_iterator_tag)' being compiled
    with
    [
        _Ty=X
    ,   _Iter=std::move_iterator<std::_Vector_iterator<std::_Vector_val<std::_Simple_types<X>>>>
    ]
    C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\vector(766) : see reference to function template instantiation 'void std::vector<X,std::allocator<_Ty>>::_Construct<_Iter>(_Iter,_Iter,std::forward_iterator_tag)' being compiled
    with
    [
        _Ty=X
    ,   _Iter=std::move_iterator<std::_Vector_iterator<std::_Vector_val<std::_Simple_types<X>>>>
    ]
    C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\vector(854) : see reference to function template instantiation 'void std::vector<X,std::allocator<_Ty>>::_Construct<std::move_iterator<std::_Vector_iterator<std::_Vector_val<std::_Simple_types<X>>>>>(_Iter,_Iter)' being compiled
    with
    [
        _Ty=X
    ,   _Iter=std::move_iterator<std::_Vector_iterator<std::_Vector_val<std::_Simple_types<X>>>>
    ]
    C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\vector(854) : see reference to function template instantiation 'void std::vector<X,std::allocator<_Ty>>::_Construct<std::move_iterator<std::_Vector_iterator<std::_Vector_val<std::_Simple_types<X>>>>>(_Iter,_Iter)' being compiled
    with
    [
        _Ty=X
    ,   _Iter=std::move_iterator<std::_Vector_iterator<std::_Vector_val<std::_Simple_types<X>>>>
    ]
    C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\vector(849) : while compiling class template member function 'void std::vector<X,std::allocator<_Ty>>::_Assign_rv(std::vector<_Ty,std::allocator<_Ty>> &&,std::false_type)'
    with
    [
        _Ty=X
    ]
    C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\vector(860) : see reference to function template instantiation 'void std::vector<X,std::allocator<_Ty>>::_Assign_rv(std::vector<_Ty,std::allocator<_Ty>> &&,std::false_type)' being compiled
    with
    [
        _Ty=X
    ]
    Test.cpp(16) : see reference to class template instantiation 'std::vector<X,std::allocator<_Ty>>' being compiled
    with
    [
        _Ty=X
    ]

Answer 1

正如评论中的dyp所述，这是一个reported bug in C++11 *。表达式

a = rv

_{（其中a是X类型的容器，其元素类型为T，而rv是X类型的非常量右值）

在表99“具有分配器意识的容器要求”中具有以下要求：}

如果allocator_traits<allocator_type>::propagate_on_container_move_assignment ::value 是false，T是 MoveInsertable 到X和 MoveAssignable 。所有 a的现有元素要么被移动分配，要么被销毁。

allocator_traits具有propagate_on_container_move_assignment的以下定义：

typedef 见下文 propagate_on_container_move_assignment;

如果存在此类型，请输入 Alloc::propagate_on_container_move_assignment，否则false_type。

问题在于忘记将相应的typedef放入std::allocator，因此propagate_on_container_move_assignment始终为false。只需添加typedef即可解决C ++ 14的问题。

* _{请注意，[default.allocator]和[allocator.traits.types]实际上是N3337中的§20.6，而不是§20.7。}

Answer 2

回答C ++ 11： VS符合原始规范，因为根据this缺陷报告，std::allocator

的规范

导致具有默认分配器的容器的移动赋值运算符不需要的值（MoveInsertable和MoveAssignable值。）

然而，这在C ++ 14中得到了修复。所以现在std::allocator不再使这个代码成为非法的，根据N3797中的表96，（[20.2.1，container.requirements.general]），T的模板参数std::vector<T> =: X的要求1}}是

要求：T可从X
中删除

为a = rv为a，X为rv类型，而{cpnst为X类型为T

a应等于 rv的值在此之前分配，

所以T没有进一步的要求。我没有在[23.3.6，vector]中找到{{1}}的任何其他要求，所以这应该是C ++ 14中的合法代码（如缺陷报告所示）。

移动不可移动非可复制对象的向量分配不会编译

2 个答案: