python请求api - 带文件和表单数据的http multipart post

时间:2014-10-18 06:24:49

标签: python python-requests

使用请求2.4.3。我想发布一个文件,并从表单发送一些字段到我的烧瓶服务器。我已经有一个角度应用程序,验证烧瓶正在工作顺便说一句。

基于关于这个主题的各种线索,我尝试了一些方法无济于事。这是我尝试过的内容和输出:

a)将所有内容放在文件地图中

        data = {'formfoo': 'whatever'}
        files = {'test.csv': open(fpath, 'rb'), 'data': json.dumps(data)}
        resp = super(Session, self).post(url,
                                         files=files,
                                         verify=False,
                                         headers=multipart)
    ## BRINGS THIS ERROR ###
    File "../2.7/lib/python2.7/json/decoder.py", line 383, in raw_decode
    raise ValueError("No JSON object could be decoded")

b)分别将数据和文件传递给post API             data = {' formfoo':'无论什么'}             files = {' test.csv&#39 ;: open(fpath,' rb')}             resp = super(Session,self).post(url,                                              数据=数据,                                              文件=文件,                                              验证=假                                              标题=多部分)

    ## BRINGS THIS ERROR. Same as (a) ###
    File "../2.7/lib/python2.7/json/decoder.py", line 383, in raw_decode
    raise ValueError("No JSON object could be decoded")

c)单独将数据和文件传递给post API。 json.dumps数据字典就像一个普通的帖子。             data = {' formfoo':'无论什么'}             files = {' test.csv&#39 ;: open(fpath,' rb')}             resp = super(Session,self).post(url,                                              数据= json.dumps(数据),                                              文件=文件,                                              验证=假                                              标题=多部分)

    ## BRINGS THIS ERROR ###
    File "./venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/models.py", line 114, in _encode_files
raise ValueError("Data must not be a string.")

ValueError:数据不能是字符串

无论哪种方式,服务器都不接收表单数据,因为客户端编码失败。有什么建议吗?

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

requests/2.4.3按预期工作:

#!/usr/bin/env python
import requests

response = requests.post('http://httpbin.org/post', 
    files={"file":open("file", "rb")}, 
    params={'param':'param data'},
    data={"data": "data data"})
response.raise_for_status()
print(response.json())

请求

POST /post?param=param+data HTTP/1.1
Host: httpbin.org
Content-Length: 238
Connection: keep-alive
Accept: */*
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
User-Agent: python-requests/2.4.3 
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=0f34a3cfc1b448e78ef2bef3176d8948

--0f34a3cfc1b448e78ef2bef3176d8948
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="data"

data data
--0f34a3cfc1b448e78ef2bef3176d8948
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="file"

data
--0f34a3cfc1b448e78ef2bef3176d8948--

输出

{'files': {'file': 'data'},
 'form': {'data': 'data data'},
 'url': 'http://httpbin.org/post?param=param+data',
 'args': {'param': 'param data'},
 'data': '',
 'headers': {'Content-Length': '238',
  'Connection': 'close',
  'Host': 'httpbin.org',
  'User-Agent': 'python-requests/2.4.3',
  'X-Request-Id': '7afbf052-98f0-4e5e-8c6f-b16cfbfacbe9',
  'Content-Type': 'multipart/form-data; boundary=0f34a3cfc1b448e78ef2...',
  'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate',
  'Accept': '*/*'},
 'json': None}