我正在用Python打印直方图。但是对于我的生活，我无法弄清楚如何以100为增量打印y轴值（与我的x轴值类似）。
这是我的工作代码：
#!/usr/local/bin/python3
import math
from sys import argv
from string import punctuation
from collections import Counter as counter
from operator import itemgetter
def roundup(x):
""" Rounds an integer up to the nearest 100 value """
rounded_value = int(math.ceil(x / 100.0)) * 100
return rounded_value
def histogram(file_data):
""" Plots file data on a graph """
x_max = max(file_data.keys()) + 1
y_max = max(file_data.values()) + 1
y_bin = []
for value in range(roundup(y_max), 0, -100):
y_bin.append(value)
for line in range(y_max, 0, -20):
s = '{:>8}'.format('|')
for i in range(1, x_max, 1):
if i in file_data.keys() and file_data[i] >= line:
s += '{}'.format('***')
else:
s += '{}'.format(' ')
print('{}'.format(s))
s = '{:>6}'.format('0 ')
for i in range(1, x_max + 1, 1):
s += '-+-'
print('{}'.format(s))
s = '{:>8}'.format('|')
for i in range(1, x_max, 1):
s += '{:>3}'.format(i)
print('{:>5}'.format(s))
def strip_punc(text):
""" This function strips punctuation from a
string passed as an argument.
"""
# Keep '&' since it counts as a word
# Loop through text and remove punctuation
for punc in punctuation.replace("&", ""):
text = text.replace(punc, "")
return text
def compute_text(filename):
""" This function reads input from a file,
splits the words into a list, and computes
the length of each word. It then prints a
table showing the word count for each
of the word lengths.
"""
# Open our file
try:
with open(filename, 'r') as f:
# Read the file
data = f.read()
# Strip the punctuation
data = strip_punc(data)
# Print the headers
print('{:>7}{:>10}'.format('Length', 'Count'))
# Use counter to get a dictionary of our lengths and values from data
length_count_lst = counter([len(word) for word in data.lower().split()])
# Create a sorted list (by length) of tuples
sorted_lst = sorted(length_count_lst.items(), key=itemgetter(0))
# Print our items
for item in sorted_lst:
print('{!s:>8}{!s:>10}'.format(item[0], item[1]))
histogram(dict(sorted_lst))
except FileNotFoundError:
print("Your file cannot be found.")
#except TypeError:
# print("You didn't enter a file.")
#except:
# print("Unknown error.")
if __name__ == "__main__":
try:
filename_input = argv[1]
compute_text(filename_input)
except IndexError:
print("You didn't enter a filename.")
这会打印除y轴值以外的所有内容：
Length Count
1 17
2 267
3 267
4 169
5 140
6 112
7 99
8 68
9 61
10 56
11 35
12 13
13 9
14 7
15 2
|
| ******
| ******
| ******
| ******
| *********
| *********
| ************
| ***************
| ******************
| *********************
| ***************************
| ******************************
|***************************************
0 -+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+-
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
我错过了什么？
答案 0 :(得分：0)
尝试这个吗？
for line in range(y_max, 0, -20):
if line%100 == 0:
s = '{:>8}'.format(str(line)+' |') # add 2 spaces so y-axis align with 0
else:
s = '{:>8}'.format('|')
这是一个精简版本（基于您的样本if line%2 ==0）并输出：
$ python3 hist.py keys.txt
Length Count
1 12
2 13
3 5
5 1
6 1
14 |
| ***
12 |******
|******
10 |******
|******
8 |******
|******
6 |******
|*********
4 |*********
|*********
2 |*********
|********* ******
0 -+--+--+--+--+--+--+-
| 1 2 3 4 5 6