在Java上使用Gridbag间隔多个按钮

Question

我试图将左侧和右侧的所有按钮从其上方和下方的每个底部分隔出一定数量的像素。当我将消息和消息2 JLabel放到1像素的大小时，间距似乎更接近我的预期。

Answer 1

布局管理确实是关注点的分离。没有一个布局经理会一直做你想做的一切。您需要愿意将UI分成几个部分并单独管理这些部分，例如，您有一个左侧菜单，一个右侧菜单和一个中心消息区域，每个区域都有自己的布局要求，就像主视图（左侧菜单，消息，右侧菜单）

您可以使用GridLayout作为核心布局并布置其中的每个其他部分，例如......

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.GridBagConstraints;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
import java.awt.GridLayout;
import java.awt.Insets;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JComponent;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;

public class LayoutManagement extends JComponent {

    JButton b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6, b7, b8, b9, b10, b11;

    final JLabel message = new JLabel("Default Message");
    final JLabel message2 = new JLabel("Default Message");

    public LayoutManagement() {

        setLayout(new GridLayout(1, 3));

        JPanel centerPane = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());

        add(buildLeftPane());
        add(centerPane);
        add(buildRightPane());

        GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();

        //gbc.insets = new Insets(10,10,10,10);
        gbc.weightx = 0;

        message.setBackground(Color.pink);
        message.setOpaque(true);
        message.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 50));
        gbc.gridx = 0;
        gbc.gridy = 0;
        gbc.insets = new Insets(1, 1, 1, 1);
        centerPane.add(message, gbc);

        message2.setBackground(Color.pink);
        message2.setOpaque(true);
        message2.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 50));
        gbc.gridx = 0;
        gbc.gridy = 1;
        gbc.insets = new Insets(1, 1, 1, 1);
        centerPane.add(message2, gbc);

    }

    public JPanel buildLeftPane() {

        JPanel pane = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
        GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();

        b1 = new JButton("This");
        gbc.gridx = 0;
        gbc.gridy = 0;
        b1.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 25));
        b1.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        b1.setOpaque(true);
        b1.setBorderPainted(false);
        gbc.insets = new Insets(2, 2, 5, 0);
        b1.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                message.setText("This");
            }

        });

        pane.add(b1, gbc);

        b2 = new JButton("class");
        gbc.gridx = 0;
        gbc.gridy = GridBagConstraints.RELATIVE;
        b2.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 25));
        b2.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        b2.setOpaque(true);
        b2.setBorderPainted(false);
        gbc.insets = new Insets(2, 2, 5, 5);
        b2.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                message.setText("class");
            }
        });

        pane.add(b2, gbc);

        b3 = new JButton("will");
        gbc.gridx = 0;
        gbc.gridy = GridBagConstraints.RELATIVE;
        b3.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 25));
        b3.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        b3.setOpaque(true);
        b3.setBorderPainted(false);
        gbc.insets = new Insets(2, 2, 5, 5);
        b3.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                message.setText("will");
            }
        });
        pane.add(b3, gbc);

        b4 = new JButton("give");
        gbc.gridx = 0;
        gbc.gridy = GridBagConstraints.RELATIVE;
        b4.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 25));
        b4.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        b4.setOpaque(true);
        b4.setBorderPainted(false);
        gbc.insets = new Insets(2, 2, 5, 5);
        b4.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                message.setText("give");
            }
        });
        pane.add(b4, gbc);

        b5 = new JButton("you");
        gbc.gridx = 0;
        gbc.gridy = GridBagConstraints.RELATIVE;
        b5.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 25));
        b5.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        b5.setOpaque(true);
        b5.setBorderPainted(false);
        gbc.insets = new Insets(2, 2, 5, 5);
        b5.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                message.setText("you");
            }
        });
        pane.add(b5, gbc);

        b6 = new JButton("practice");
        gbc.gridx = 0;
        gbc.gridy = GridBagConstraints.RELATIVE;
        b6.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 25));
        b6.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        b6.setOpaque(true);
        b6.setBorderPainted(false);
        gbc.insets = new Insets(2, 2, 5, 5);
        b6.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                message.setText("practice");
            }
        });
        pane.add(b6, gbc);

        return pane;

    }

    public JPanel buildRightPane() {

        JPanel pane = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
        GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();

        b7 = new JButton("creating");
        gbc.gridx = 3;
        gbc.gridy = 0;
        b7.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 25));
        b7.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        b7.setOpaque(true);
        b7.setBorderPainted(false);
        gbc.insets = new Insets(2, 2, 5, 5);
        b7.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                message2.setText("creating");
            }
        });
        pane.add(b7, gbc);

        b8 = new JButton("and");
        gbc.gridx = 3;
        gbc.gridy = 1;
        b8.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 25));
        b8.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        b8.setOpaque(true);
        b8.setBorderPainted(false);
        gbc.insets = new Insets(2, 2, 5, 5);
        b8.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                message2.setText("and");
            }
        });
        pane.add(b8, gbc);

        b9 = new JButton("laying");
        gbc.gridx = 3;
        gbc.gridy = 2;
        b9.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 25));
        b9.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        b9.setOpaque(true);
        b9.setBorderPainted(false);
        gbc.insets = new Insets(2, 2, 5, 5);
        b9.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                message2.setText("laying");
            }
        });
        pane.add(b9, gbc);

        b10 = new JButton("out");
        gbc.gridx = 3;
        gbc.gridy = 3;
        b10.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 25));
        b10.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        b10.setOpaque(true);
        b10.setBorderPainted(false);
        gbc.insets = new Insets(2, 2, 5, 5);
        b10.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                message2.setText("out");
            }
        });
        pane.add(b10, gbc);

        b11 = new JButton("containers");
        gbc.gridx = 3;
        gbc.gridy = 4;
        b11.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 25));
        b11.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        b11.setOpaque(true);
        b11.setBorderPainted(false);
        gbc.insets = new Insets(2, 2, 5, 5);
        b11.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                message2.setText("containers");
            }
        });
        pane.add(b11, gbc);

        return pane;

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JFrame frame = new JFrame("Layout Management Lab");
        frame.add(new LayoutManagement());

        frame.pack();
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

但是，等等，菜单项现在已经不对齐......嗯......

我们仍然可以使用一些概念，关注点分离和GridBagLayout的强大功能，因此我们可以在同一个容器中布置菜单项，而不是在同一容器中布置所有菜单项和消息项。同一容器和自己容器中的消息项，但将两者结合起来，例如......

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.GridBagConstraints;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
import java.awt.Insets;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JComponent;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.border.LineBorder;



public class LayoutManagement02 extends JComponent {

    JButton b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6, b7, b8, b9, b10, b11;

    final JLabel message = new JLabel("Default Message");
    final JLabel message2 = new JLabel("Default Message");

    public LayoutManagement02() {

        setLayout(new BorderLayout());

        JPanel centerPane = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
        JPanel menuPane = buildMenuPane();

        GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();

        //gbc.insets = new Insets(10,10,10,10);
        gbc.weightx = 0;

        message.setBackground(Color.pink);
        message.setOpaque(true);
        message.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 50));
        gbc.gridx = 0;
        gbc.gridy = 0;
        gbc.insets = new Insets(1, 1, 1, 1);
        centerPane.add(message, gbc);

        message2.setBackground(Color.pink);
        message2.setOpaque(true);
        message2.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 50));
        gbc.gridx = 0;
        gbc.gridy = 1;
        gbc.insets = new Insets(1, 1, 1, 1);
        centerPane.add(message2, gbc);

        gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
        gbc.weighty = 1;
        gbc.weightx = 1;
        gbc.fill = GridBagConstraints.BOTH;
        gbc.gridx = 1;
        gbc.gridy = 0;
        gbc.gridheight = GridBagConstraints.REMAINDER;
        menuPane.add(centerPane, gbc);

        add(menuPane);

    }

    public JPanel buildMenuPane() {

        JPanel pane = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
        GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();

        b1 = new JButton("This");
        gbc.gridx = 0;
        gbc.gridy = 0;
        b1.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 25));
        b1.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        b1.setOpaque(true);
        b1.setBorderPainted(false);
        gbc.insets = new Insets(2, 2, 5, 0);
        b1.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                message.setText("This");
            }

        });

        pane.add(b1, gbc);

        b2 = new JButton("class");
        gbc.gridx = 0;
        gbc.gridy = GridBagConstraints.RELATIVE;
        b2.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 25));
        b2.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        b2.setOpaque(true);
        b2.setBorderPainted(false);
        gbc.insets = new Insets(2, 2, 5, 5);
        b2.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                message.setText("class");
            }
        });

        pane.add(b2, gbc);

        b3 = new JButton("will");
        gbc.gridx = 0;
        gbc.gridy = GridBagConstraints.RELATIVE;
        b3.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 25));
        b3.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        b3.setOpaque(true);
        b3.setBorderPainted(false);
        gbc.insets = new Insets(2, 2, 5, 5);
        b3.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                message.setText("will");
            }
        });
        pane.add(b3, gbc);

        b4 = new JButton("give");
        gbc.gridx = 0;
        gbc.gridy = GridBagConstraints.RELATIVE;
        b4.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 25));
        b4.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        b4.setOpaque(true);
        b4.setBorderPainted(false);
        gbc.insets = new Insets(2, 2, 5, 5);
        b4.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                message.setText("give");
            }
        });
        pane.add(b4, gbc);

        b5 = new JButton("you");
        gbc.gridx = 0;
        gbc.gridy = GridBagConstraints.RELATIVE;
        b5.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 25));
        b5.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        b5.setOpaque(true);
        b5.setBorderPainted(false);
        gbc.insets = new Insets(2, 2, 5, 5);
        b5.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                message.setText("you");
            }
        });
        pane.add(b5, gbc);

        b6 = new JButton("practice");
        gbc.gridx = 0;
        gbc.gridy = GridBagConstraints.RELATIVE;
        b6.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 25));
        b6.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        b6.setOpaque(true);
        b6.setBorderPainted(false);
        gbc.insets = new Insets(2, 2, 5, 5);
        b6.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                message.setText("practice");
            }
        });
        pane.add(b6, gbc);

        b7 = new JButton("creating");
        gbc.gridx = 3;
        gbc.gridy = 0;
        b7.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 25));
        b7.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        b7.setOpaque(true);
        b7.setBorderPainted(false);
        gbc.insets = new Insets(2, 2, 5, 5);
        b7.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                message2.setText("creating");
            }
        });
        pane.add(b7, gbc);

        b8 = new JButton("and");
        gbc.gridx = 3;
        gbc.gridy = 1;
        b8.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 25));
        b8.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        b8.setOpaque(true);
        b8.setBorderPainted(false);
        gbc.insets = new Insets(2, 2, 5, 5);
        b8.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                message2.setText("and");
            }
        });
        pane.add(b8, gbc);

        b9 = new JButton("laying");
        gbc.gridx = 3;
        gbc.gridy = 2;
        b9.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 25));
        b9.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        b9.setOpaque(true);
        b9.setBorderPainted(false);
        gbc.insets = new Insets(2, 2, 5, 5);
        b9.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                message2.setText("laying");
            }
        });
        pane.add(b9, gbc);

        b10 = new JButton("out");
        gbc.gridx = 3;
        gbc.gridy = 3;
        b10.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 25));
        b10.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        b10.setOpaque(true);
        b10.setBorderPainted(false);
        gbc.insets = new Insets(2, 2, 5, 5);
        b10.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                message2.setText("out");
            }
        });
        pane.add(b10, gbc);

        b11 = new JButton("containers");
        gbc.gridx = 3;
        gbc.gridy = 4;
        b11.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 25));
        b11.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        b11.setOpaque(true);
        b11.setBorderPainted(false);
        gbc.insets = new Insets(2, 2, 5, 5);
        b11.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                message2.setText("containers");
            }
        });
        pane.add(b11, gbc);

        return pane;

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JFrame frame = new JFrame("Layout Management Lab");
        frame.add(new LayoutManagement02());

        frame.pack();
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

那好一点，但是菜单项之间的间距呢？

嗯，您可以通过使用GridBagConstraints#insets属性来控制元素之间的间距，现在GridBagLayout会在将每个组件添加到容器时为每个组件制作约束的副本，这是很棒，这意味着您可以使用约束的单个实例来获得布局设置，而不会影响其他组件。

这允许您创建大多数组件想要使用的约束模板，并且只更改每个组件所需的值....

因此，我们可以从gbc.insets = new Insets(2, 2, 20, 2);开始，并将其应用于所有组件，而无需为每个组件重新定义它！

现在，因为我们已经将消息组件和菜单组件分开了，我们可以修改菜单项的布局方式，而不会对消息组件产生负面影响，而另一方面也可以改变它们，你可以改变布局消息组件的方式不会影响菜单项的布局方式......

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.GridBagConstraints;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
import java.awt.Insets;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JComponent;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.border.LineBorder;



public class LayoutManagement02 extends JComponent {

    JButton b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6, b7, b8, b9, b10, b11;

    final JLabel message = new JLabel("Default Message");
    final JLabel message2 = new JLabel("Default Message");

    public LayoutManagement02() {

        setLayout(new BorderLayout());

        JPanel centerPane = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
        JPanel menuPane = buildMenuPane();

        GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();

        gbc.weightx = 0;

        message.setBackground(Color.pink);
        message.setOpaque(true);
        message.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 50));
        gbc.gridx = 0;
        gbc.gridy = 0;
        gbc.insets = new Insets(1, 1, 1, 1);
        centerPane.add(message, gbc);

        message2.setBackground(Color.pink);
        message2.setOpaque(true);
        message2.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 50));
        gbc.gridx = 0;
        gbc.gridy = 1;
        gbc.insets = new Insets(1, 1, 1, 1);
        centerPane.add(message2, gbc);

        gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
        gbc.weighty = 1;
        gbc.weightx = 1;
        gbc.fill = GridBagConstraints.BOTH;
        gbc.gridx = 1;
        gbc.gridy = 0;
        gbc.gridheight = GridBagConstraints.REMAINDER;
        menuPane.add(centerPane, gbc);

        add(menuPane);

    }

    public JPanel buildMenuPane() {

        JPanel pane = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
        GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();

        b1 = new JButton("This");
        gbc.gridx = 0;
        gbc.gridy = 0;
        gbc.insets = new Insets(2, 2, 20, 2);

        b1.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 25));
        b1.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        b1.setOpaque(true);
        b1.setBorderPainted(false);
        b1.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                message.setText("This");
            }

        });

        pane.add(b1, gbc);

        b2 = new JButton("class");
        gbc.gridx = 0;
        gbc.gridy = GridBagConstraints.RELATIVE;
        b2.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 25));
        b2.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        b2.setOpaque(true);
        b2.setBorderPainted(false);
        b2.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                message.setText("class");
            }
        });

        pane.add(b2, gbc);

        b3 = new JButton("will");
        gbc.gridx = 0;
        gbc.gridy = GridBagConstraints.RELATIVE;
        b3.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 25));
        b3.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        b3.setOpaque(true);
        b3.setBorderPainted(false);
        b3.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                message.setText("will");
            }
        });
        pane.add(b3, gbc);

        b4 = new JButton("give");
        gbc.gridx = 0;
        gbc.gridy = GridBagConstraints.RELATIVE;
        b4.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 25));
        b4.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        b4.setOpaque(true);
        b4.setBorderPainted(false);
        b4.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                message.setText("give");
            }
        });
        pane.add(b4, gbc);

        b5 = new JButton("you");
        gbc.gridx = 0;
        gbc.gridy = GridBagConstraints.RELATIVE;
        b5.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 25));
        b5.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        b5.setOpaque(true);
        b5.setBorderPainted(false);
        b5.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                message.setText("you");
            }
        });
        pane.add(b5, gbc);

        b6 = new JButton("practice");
        gbc.insets = new Insets(2, 2, 2, 2);
        gbc.gridx = 0;
        gbc.gridy = GridBagConstraints.RELATIVE;
        b6.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 25));
        b6.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        b6.setOpaque(true);
        b6.setBorderPainted(false);
        b6.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                message.setText("practice");
            }
        });
        pane.add(b6, gbc);

        gbc.insets = new Insets(2, 2, 20, 2);

        b7 = new JButton("creating");
        gbc.gridx = 3;
        gbc.gridy = 0;
        b7.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 25));
        b7.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        b7.setOpaque(true);
        b7.setBorderPainted(false);
        b7.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                message2.setText("creating");
            }
        });
        pane.add(b7, gbc);

        b8 = new JButton("and");
        gbc.gridx = 3;
        gbc.gridy = 1;
        b8.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 25));
        b8.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        b8.setOpaque(true);
        b8.setBorderPainted(false);
        b8.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                message2.setText("and");
            }
        });
        pane.add(b8, gbc);

        b9 = new JButton("laying");
        gbc.gridx = 3;
        gbc.gridy = 2;
        b9.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 25));
        b9.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        b9.setOpaque(true);
        b9.setBorderPainted(false);
        b9.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                message2.setText("laying");
            }
        });
        pane.add(b9, gbc);

        b10 = new JButton("out");
        gbc.gridx = 3;
        gbc.gridy = 3;
        b10.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 25));
        b10.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        b10.setOpaque(true);
        b10.setBorderPainted(false);
        b10.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                message2.setText("out");
            }
        });
        pane.add(b10, gbc);

        b11 = new JButton("containers");
        gbc.gridx = 3;
        gbc.gridy = 4;
        b11.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 25));
        b11.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        b11.setOpaque(true);
        b11.setBorderPainted(false);
        b11.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                message2.setText("containers");
            }
        });
        pane.add(b11, gbc);

        return pane;

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JFrame frame = new JFrame("Layout Management Lab");
        frame.add(new LayoutManagement02());

        frame.pack();
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}