从PHP中的绝对路径获取相对路径

时间:2010-04-14 13:58:58

标签: php relative-path

当我输入标题时,我注意到有关此问题的一些类似问题,但它们似乎不是在PHP中。那么PHP函数的解决方案是什么?

待指定。

$a="/home/apache/a/a.php";
$b="/home/root/b/b.php";
$relpath = getRelativePath($a,$b); //needed function,should return '../../root/b/b.php'

有什么好主意吗?感谢。

10 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:63)

试试这个:

function getRelativePath($from, $to)
{
    // some compatibility fixes for Windows paths
    $from = is_dir($from) ? rtrim($from, '\/') . '/' : $from;
    $to   = is_dir($to)   ? rtrim($to, '\/') . '/'   : $to;
    $from = str_replace('\\', '/', $from);
    $to   = str_replace('\\', '/', $to);

    $from     = explode('/', $from);
    $to       = explode('/', $to);
    $relPath  = $to;

    foreach($from as $depth => $dir) {
        // find first non-matching dir
        if($dir === $to[$depth]) {
            // ignore this directory
            array_shift($relPath);
        } else {
            // get number of remaining dirs to $from
            $remaining = count($from) - $depth;
            if($remaining > 1) {
                // add traversals up to first matching dir
                $padLength = (count($relPath) + $remaining - 1) * -1;
                $relPath = array_pad($relPath, $padLength, '..');
                break;
            } else {
                $relPath[0] = './' . $relPath[0];
            }
        }
    }
    return implode('/', $relPath);
}

这将给出

$a="/home/a.php";
$b="/home/root/b/b.php";
echo getRelativePath($a,$b), PHP_EOL;  // ./root/b/b.php

$a="/home/apache/a/a.php";
$b="/home/root/b/b.php";
echo getRelativePath($a,$b), PHP_EOL; // ../../root/b/b.php

$a="/home/root/a/a.php";
$b="/home/apache/htdocs/b/en/b.php";
echo getRelativePath($a,$b), PHP_EOL; // ../../apache/htdocs/b/en/b.php

$a="/home/apache/htdocs/b/en/b.php";
$b="/home/root/a/a.php";
echo getRelativePath($a,$b), PHP_EOL; // ../../../../root/a/a.php

答案 1 :(得分:14)

由于我们有几个答案,我决定对它们进行测试并对它们进行基准测试。 我用这条路来测试:

$from = "/var/www/sites/web/mainroot/webapp/folder/sub/subf/subfo/subfol/subfold/lastfolder/";注意:如果是文件夹,则必须为函数设置一个尾部斜杠才能正常工作!因此,__DIR__将不起作用。请改为使用__FILE____DIR__ . '/'

$to = "/var/www/sites/web/mainroot/webapp/folder/aaa/bbb/ccc/ddd";

结果:(小数点分隔符为逗号,千位分隔符为点)

  • Gordon的功能:结果正确,100,000名执行者的时间 1,222
  • Young的功能:结果正确,100,000名执行者的时间 1,540
  • Ceagle的功能:结果错误(它适用于某些路径,但与其他路径一起失败,例如测试中使用的和上面写的那些路径)
  • Loranger的功能:结果错误(它适用于某些路径,但与其他路径一起失败,例如测试中使用的和上面写的那些路径)

所以,我建议您使用Gordon的实施! (标记为答案的那个)

Young的一个也很好,并且使用简单的目录结构(例如" a / b / c.php")表现更好,而Gordon的一个表现更好,复杂的结构,有很多子目录(比如这个基准测试中使用的子目录)。


注意:我在下面写下了以$from$to作为输入返回的结果,因此您可以验证其中2个是正常的,而其他2个是错误的:

  • 戈登:../../../../../../aaa/bbb/ccc/ddd - > CORRECT
  • Young:../../../../../../aaa/bbb/ccc/ddd - > CORRECT
  • Ceagle:../../../../../../bbb/ccc/ddd - > WRONG
  • Loranger:../../../../../aaa/bbb/ccc/ddd - > WRONG

答案 2 :(得分:8)

相对路径?这似乎更像是一条旅行路径。您似乎想知道从路径A到路径B的路径。如果是这种情况,您可以在'/'explode $ a和$ b然后反向遍历$ aParts,将它们与同一索引的$ bPart进行比较,直到找到“common denominator”目录(记录沿途的循环次数)。然后创建一个空字符串并将'../'添加到$ numLoops-1次,然后添加到$ b减去公分母目录。

答案 3 :(得分:4)

const DS = DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR; // for convenience

function getRelativePath($from, $to) {
    $dir = explode(DS, is_file($from) ? dirname($from) : rtrim($from, DS));
    $file = explode(DS, $to);

    while ($dir && $file && ($dir[0] == $file[0])) {
        array_shift($dir);
        array_shift($file);
    }
    return str_repeat('..'.DS, count($dir)) . implode(DS, $file);
}

我的尝试是故意更简单的,尽管表现可能没有什么不同。我将基准测试作为好奇读者的练习。但是,这非常强大,应该与平台无关。

谨防使用array_intersect函数的解决方案,如果并行目录具有相同的名称,这些函数将会中断。例如,getRelativePath('start/A/end/', 'start/B/end/')会返回“../end”,因为array_intersect会找到所有相同的名称,在这种情况下为2时应该只有1。

答案 4 :(得分:2)

根据Gordon的功能,我的解决方案如下:

function getRelativePath($from, $to)
{
   $from = explode('/', $from);
   $to = explode('/', $to);
   foreach($from as $depth => $dir)
   {

        if(isset($to[$depth]))
        {
            if($dir === $to[$depth])
            {
               unset($to[$depth]);
               unset($from[$depth]);
            }
            else
            {
               break;
            }
        }
    }
    //$rawresult = implode('/', $to);
    for($i=0;$i<count($from)-1;$i++)
    {
        array_unshift($to,'..');
    }
    $result = implode('/', $to);
    return $result;
}

答案 5 :(得分:2)

此代码取自Symfony URL生成器 https://github.com/symfony/Routing/blob/master/Generator/UrlGenerator.php

    /**
     * Returns the target path as relative reference from the base path.
     *
     * Only the URIs path component (no schema, host etc.) is relevant and must be given, starting with a slash.
     * Both paths must be absolute and not contain relative parts.
     * Relative URLs from one resource to another are useful when generating self-contained downloadable document archives.
     * Furthermore, they can be used to reduce the link size in documents.
     *
     * Example target paths, given a base path of "/a/b/c/d":
     * - "/a/b/c/d"     -> ""
     * - "/a/b/c/"      -> "./"
     * - "/a/b/"        -> "../"
     * - "/a/b/c/other" -> "other"
     * - "/a/x/y"       -> "../../x/y"
     *
     * @param string $basePath   The base path
     * @param string $targetPath The target path
     *
     * @return string The relative target path
     */
    function getRelativePath($basePath, $targetPath)
    {
        if ($basePath === $targetPath) {
            return '';
        }

        $sourceDirs = explode('/', isset($basePath[0]) && '/' === $basePath[0] ? substr($basePath, 1) : $basePath);
        $targetDirs = explode('/', isset($targetPath[0]) && '/' === $targetPath[0] ? substr($targetPath, 1) : $targetPath);
        array_pop($sourceDirs);
        $targetFile = array_pop($targetDirs);

        foreach ($sourceDirs as $i => $dir) {
            if (isset($targetDirs[$i]) && $dir === $targetDirs[$i]) {
                unset($sourceDirs[$i], $targetDirs[$i]);
            } else {
                break;
            }
        }

        $targetDirs[] = $targetFile;
        $path = str_repeat('../', count($sourceDirs)).implode('/', $targetDirs);

        // A reference to the same base directory or an empty subdirectory must be prefixed with "./".
        // This also applies to a segment with a colon character (e.g., "file:colon") that cannot be used
        // as the first segment of a relative-path reference, as it would be mistaken for a scheme name
        // (see http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-4.2).
        return '' === $path || '/' === $path[0]
            || false !== ($colonPos = strpos($path, ':')) && ($colonPos < ($slashPos = strpos($path, '/')) || false === $slashPos)
            ? "./$path" : $path;
    }

答案 6 :(得分:1)

戈登的某些原因对我不起作用......这是我的解决方案

function getRelativePath($from, $to) {
    $patha = explode('/', $from);
    $pathb = explode('/', $to);
    $start_point = count(array_intersect($patha,$pathb));
    while($start_point--) {
        array_shift($patha);
        array_shift($pathb);
    }
    $output = "";
    if(($back_count = count($patha))) {
        while($back_count--) {
            $output .= "../";
        }
    } else {
        $output .= './';
    }
    return $output . implode('/', $pathb);
}

答案 7 :(得分:1)

我使用这些数组操作得到了相同的结果:

function getRelativePath($path, $from = __FILE__ )
{
    $path = explode(DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, $path);
    $from = explode(DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, dirname($from.'.'));
    $common = array_intersect_assoc($path, $from);

    $base = array('.');
    if ( $pre_fill = count( array_diff_assoc($from, $common) ) ) {
        $base = array_fill(0, $pre_fill, '..');
    }
    $path = array_merge( $base, array_diff_assoc($path, $common) );
    return implode(DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, $path);
}

第二个参数是路径相对的文件。它是可选的,因此无论您当前的网页是什么,您都可以获得相对路径。 为了与@Young或@Gordon示例一起使用,因为你想知道$ a的$ b的相对路径,你将不得不使用

getRelativePath($b, $a);

答案 8 :(得分:0)

简单的单线程用于常见场景:

str_replace(getcwd() . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, '', $filepath)

或:

substr($filepath, strlen(getcwd())+1)

要检查路径是否绝对,请尝试:

$filepath[0] == DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR

答案 9 :(得分:0)

这对我有用。由于某些未知原因,对此问题的最热烈回答没有按预期工作

public function getRelativePath($absolutePathFrom, $absolutePathDestination)
{
    $absolutePathFrom = is_dir($absolutePathFrom) ? rtrim($absolutePathFrom, "\/")."/" : $absolutePathFrom;
    $absolutePathDestination = is_dir($absolutePathDestination) ? rtrim($absolutePathDestination, "\/")."/" : $absolutePathDestination;
    $absolutePathFrom = explode("/", str_replace("\\", "/", $absolutePathFrom));
    $absolutePathDestination = explode("/", str_replace("\\", "/", $absolutePathDestination));
    $relativePath = "";
    $path = array();
    $_key = 0;
    foreach($absolutePathFrom as $key => $value)
    {
        if (strtolower($value) != strtolower($absolutePathDestination[$key]))
        {
            $_key = $key + 1;
            for ($i = $key; $i < count($absolutePathDestination); $i++)
            {
                $path[] = $absolutePathDestination[$i];
            }
            break;
        }
    }
    for ($i = 0; $i <= (count($absolutePathFrom) - $_key - 1); $i++)
    {
        $relativePath .= "../";
    }

    return $relativePath.implode("/", $path);
}

如果$a = "C:\xampp\htdocs\projects\SMS\App\www\App\index.php"
   $b = "C:\xampp\htdocs\projects\SMS\App/www/App/bin/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css"

然后$c$b的{​​{1}}的相对路径将是

$a