Question

我正处于我的第一个RoR教程的最后一课，我被指示打开终端并输入install bundle

结果：

tonys-mbp:crumblr Tony-MBP$ bundle install
Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/..........
Resolving dependencies...
Using rake 10.3.2
Using i18n 0.6.11
Using json 1.8.1
Using minitest 5.4.2
Using thread_safe 0.3.4
Using tzinfo 1.2.2
Using activesupport 4.1.6
Using builder 3.2.2
Using erubis 2.7.0
Using actionview 4.1.6
Using rack 1.5.2
Using rack-test 0.6.2
Using actionpack 4.1.6
Using mime-types 2.4.1
Using mail 2.6.1
Using actionmailer 4.1.6
Using activemodel 4.1.6
Using arel 5.0.1.20140414130214
Using activerecord 4.1.6
Using bundler 1.7.3
Using coffee-script-source 1.8.0
Using execjs 2.2.1
Using coffee-script 2.3.0
Using thor 0.19.1
Using railties 4.1.6
Using coffee-rails 4.0.1
Using hike 1.2.3
Using multi_json 1.10.1
Using jbuilder 2.2.2
Using jquery-rails 3.1.2
/Users/Tony-MBP/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.3/gems/bundler-1.7.3/lib/bundler.rb:302: warning: Insecure world writable dir /usr/local in PATH, mode 040777

Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    /Users/Tony-MBP/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.3/bin/ruby extconf.rb 
checking for pg_config... no
No pg_config... trying anyway. If building fails, please try again with
 --with-pg-config=/path/to/pg_config
checking for libpq-fe.h... no
Can't find the 'libpq-fe.h header
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/Users/Tony-MBP/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.3/bin/ruby
    --with-pg
    --without-pg
    --with-pg-config
    --without-pg-config
    --with-pg_config
    --without-pg_config
    --with-pg-dir
    --without-pg-dir
    --with-pg-include
    --without-pg-include=${pg-dir}/include
    --with-pg-lib
    --without-pg-lib=${pg-dir}/lib

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /Users/Tony-MBP/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.3/gems/pg-0.17.1 for inspection.
Results logged to /Users/Tony-MBP/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.3/extensions/x86_64-darwin-13/2.1.0/pg-0.17.1/gem_make.out
An error occurred while installing pg (0.17.1), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install pg -v '0.17.1'` succeeds before bundling.

所以我尝试安装pg所以我可以继续使用Bundler;但是，当我输入gem install pg -v '0.17.1'：

时，我收到此错误

结果：

tonys-mbp:crumblr Tony-MBP$ gem install pg
Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
/Users/Tony-MBP/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.3/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:73: warning: Insecure world writable dir /usr/local in PATH, mode 040777
ERROR:  Error installing pg:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    /Users/Tony-MBP/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.3/bin/ruby extconf.rb
checking for pg_config... no
No pg_config... trying anyway. If building fails, please try again with
 --with-pg-config=/path/to/pg_config
checking for libpq-fe.h... no
Can't find the 'libpq-fe.h header
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/Users/Tony-MBP/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.3/bin/ruby
    --with-pg
    --without-pg
    --with-pg-config
    --without-pg-config
    --with-pg_config
    --without-pg_config
    --with-pg-dir
    --without-pg-dir
    --with-pg-include
    --without-pg-include=${pg-dir}/include
    --with-pg-lib
    --without-pg-lib=${pg-dir}/lib

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /Users/Tony-MBP/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.3/gems/pg-0.17.1 for inspection.
Results logged to /Users/Tony-MBP/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.3/extensions/x86_64-darwin-13/2.1.0/pg-0.17.1/gem_make.out

任何人都可以帮助确定为什么这两个都失败了吗？感谢您在他的开发人员初期帮助完成新手。

编辑：

从@Lidan尝试建议的代码之后，这就是我得到的：

Building native extensions with: '--with-pg-config=/Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/MacOS/bin/pg_config'
    This could take a while...
    /Users/Tony-MBP/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.3/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:73: warning: Insecure world writable dir /usr/local in PATH, mode 040777
    ERROR:  Error installing pg:
        ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

Answer 1

此错误消息指出pg_config丢失，您应该传入pg_config文件的路径，大多数情况下此文件将位于Postgres安装目录中。

但是，如果您在进行开发工作时使用Postgres.app运行本地Postgres服务器，则此文件将丢失，因为postgres.app是一个自包含的应用程序。尝试使用以下方法重新安装gem：

$ gem install pg -- --with-pg-config=/Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/MacOS/bin/pg_config

Building native extensions with: '--with-pg-config=/Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/MacOS/bin/pg_config'
This could take a while...
Successfully installed pg-0.17.1
1 gem installed

我建议使用Postgres.app，因为当您通过brew install postgresql安装postgres时，即使您没有开发或使用数据库，postgres服务也会在后台运行并利用内存。根据我的经验，Postgres.app对于OSX下的开发环境更有效。

Answer 2

经过进一步的研究，OS X Mavericks并没有很好地使用pg或捆绑宝石。

对我有用的四步修复：

brew update
brew install postgresql
gem install pg
bundle install

安装PG和Bundle时出错

2 个答案: