我正在尝试将项目从Django 1.6升级到1.7。我收到以下错误：
[Thu Oct 09 14:16:41 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] mod_wsgi (pid=14523): Exception occurred processing WSGI script '/home/users1/k/kisvadim/domains/mathtasks.org/django.wsgi'.
[Thu Oct 09 14:16:41 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] Traceback (most recent call last):
[Thu Oct 09 14:16:41 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] File "/home/users1/k/kisvadim/virtualenv/PythonEnv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py", line 187, in __call__
[Thu Oct 09 14:16:41 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] response = self.get_response(request)
[Thu Oct 09 14:16:41 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] File "/home/users1/k/kisvadim/virtualenv/PythonEnv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 199, in get_response
[Thu Oct 09 14:16:41 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] response = self.handle_uncaught_exception(request, resolver, sys.exc_info())
[Thu Oct 09 14:16:41 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] File "/home/users1/k/kisvadim/virtualenv/PythonEnv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 239, in handle_uncaught_exception
[Thu Oct 09 14:16:41 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] if resolver.urlconf_module is None:
[Thu Oct 09 14:16:41 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] File "/home/users1/k/kisvadim/virtualenv/PythonEnv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/urlresolvers.py", line 361, in urlconf_module
[Thu Oct 09 14:16:41 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] self._urlconf_module = import_module(self.urlconf_name)
[Thu Oct 09 14:16:41 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] File "/usr/lib/python2.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 37, in import_module
[Thu Oct 09 14:16:41 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] __import__(name)
[Thu Oct 09 14:16:41 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] File "/home/users1/k/kisvadim/django/mathtasks/mathtasks/urls.py", line 11, in <module>
[Thu Oct 09 14:16:41 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] admin.autodiscover()
[Thu Oct 09 14:16:41 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] File "/home/users1/k/kisvadim/virtualenv/PythonEnv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/admin/__init__.py", line 23, in autodiscover
[Thu Oct 09 14:16:41 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] autodiscover_modules('admin', register_to=site)
[Thu Oct 09 14:16:41 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] File "/home/users1/k/kisvadim/virtualenv/PythonEnv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/module_loading.py", line 67, in autodiscover_modules
[Thu Oct 09 14:16:41 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] for app_config in apps.get_app_configs():
[Thu Oct 09 14:16:41 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] File "/home/users1/k/kisvadim/virtualenv/PythonEnv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 137, in get_app_configs
[Thu Oct 09 14:16:41 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] self.check_apps_ready()
[Thu Oct 09 14:16:41 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] File "/home/users1/k/kisvadim/virtualenv/PythonEnv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 124, in check_apps_ready
[Thu Oct 09 14:16:41 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] raise AppRegistryNotReady("Apps aren't loaded yet.")
[Thu Oct 09 14:16:41 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] AppRegistryNotReady: Apps aren't loaded yet.
django.wsgi：
import os, sys
import django
virtual_env = os.path.expanduser('~/virtualenv/PythonEnv')
activate_this = os.path.join(virtual_env, 'bin/activate_this.py')
execfile(activate_this, dict(__file__=activate_this))
sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(os.path.expanduser('~'), 'django/mathtasks'))
os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'mathtasks.settings'
django.setup()
import django.core.handlers.wsgi
application = django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler()
任何想法可能导致错误以及如何修复它？
UPDATE1：
我换了：
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
为：
from django.conf import settings
User = settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL
我收到以下错误：
[Thu Oct 09 15:06:15 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] mod_wsgi (pid=17128): Exception occurred processing WSGI script '/home/users1/k/kisvadim/domains/mathtasks.org/django.wsgi'.
[Thu Oct 09 15:06:15 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] Traceback (most recent call last):
[Thu Oct 09 15:06:15 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] File "/home/users1/k/kisvadim/virtualenv/PythonEnv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py", line 187, in __call__
[Thu Oct 09 15:06:15 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] response = self.get_response(request)
[Thu Oct 09 15:06:15 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] File "/home/users1/k/kisvadim/virtualenv/PythonEnv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 199, in get_response
[Thu Oct 09 15:06:15 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] response = self.handle_uncaught_exception(request, resolver, sys.exc_info())
[Thu Oct 09 15:06:15 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] File "/home/users1/k/kisvadim/virtualenv/PythonEnv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 239, in handle_uncaught_exception
[Thu Oct 09 15:06:15 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] if resolver.urlconf_module is None:
[Thu Oct 09 15:06:15 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] File "/home/users1/k/kisvadim/virtualenv/PythonEnv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/urlresolvers.py", line 361, in urlconf_module
[Thu Oct 09 15:06:15 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] self._urlconf_module = import_module(self.urlconf_name)
[Thu Oct 09 15:06:15 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] File "/usr/lib/python2.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 37, in import_module
[Thu Oct 09 15:06:15 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] __import__(name)
[Thu Oct 09 15:06:15 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] File "/home/users1/k/kisvadim/django/mathtasks/mathtasks/urls.py", line 6, in <module>
[Thu Oct 09 15:06:15 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] from utils.views import SniptRegistrationView
[Thu Oct 09 15:06:15 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] File "/home/users1/k/kisvadim/django/mathtasks/utils/views.py", line 1, in <module>
[Thu Oct 09 15:06:15 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] from registration.backends.default.views import RegistrationView
[Thu Oct 09 15:06:15 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] File "/home/users1/k/kisvadim/django/mathtasks/registration/backends/default/views.py", line 7, in <module>
[Thu Oct 09 15:06:15 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] from registration.views import ActivationView as BaseActivationView
[Thu Oct 09 15:06:15 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] File "/home/users1/k/kisvadim/django/mathtasks/registration/views.py", line 11, in <module>
[Thu Oct 09 15:06:15 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] from registration.forms import RegistrationForm
[Thu Oct 09 15:06:15 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] File "/home/users1/k/kisvadim/django/mathtasks/registration/forms.py", line 159, in <module>
[Thu Oct 09 15:06:15 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] class UserProfileForm(forms.ModelForm):
[Thu Oct 09 15:06:15 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] File "/home/users1/k/kisvadim/virtualenv/PythonEnv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/forms/models.py", line 284, in __new__
[Thu Oct 09 15:06:15 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] opts.help_texts, opts.error_messages)
[Thu Oct 09 15:06:15 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] File "/home/users1/k/kisvadim/virtualenv/PythonEnv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/forms/models.py", line 184, in fields_for_model
[Thu Oct 09 15:06:15 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] opts = model._meta
[Thu Oct 09 15:06:15 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute '_meta'
更新2：
我换了：
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
为：
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
User = get_user_model()
和
models.ForeignKey(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL)
我收到以下错误：
[Thu Oct 09 16:10:52 2014] [error] No handlers could be found for logger "django.request"
[Thu Oct 09 16:10:52 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] mod_wsgi (pid=31421): Exception occurred processing WSGI script '/home/users1/k/kisvadim/domains/mathtasks.org/django.wsgi'.
[Thu Oct 09 16:10:52 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] Traceback (most recent call last):
[Thu Oct 09 16:10:52 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] File "/home/users1/k/kisvadim/virtualenv/PythonEnv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py", line 187, in __call__
[Thu Oct 09 16:10:52 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] response = self.get_response(request)
[Thu Oct 09 16:10:52 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] File "/home/users1/k/kisvadim/virtualenv/PythonEnv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 199, in get_response
[Thu Oct 09 16:10:52 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] response = self.handle_uncaught_exception(request, resolver, sys.exc_info())
[Thu Oct 09 16:10:52 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] File "/home/users1/k/kisvadim/virtualenv/PythonEnv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 239, in handle_uncaught_exception
[Thu Oct 09 16:10:52 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] if resolver.urlconf_module is None:
[Thu Oct 09 16:10:52 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] File "/home/users1/k/kisvadim/virtualenv/PythonEnv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/urlresolvers.py", line 361, in urlconf_module
[Thu Oct 09 16:10:52 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] self._urlconf_module = import_module(self.urlconf_name)
[Thu Oct 09 16:10:52 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] File "/usr/lib/python2.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 37, in import_module
[Thu Oct 09 16:10:52 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] __import__(name)
[Thu Oct 09 16:10:52 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] File "/home/users1/k/kisvadim/django/mathtasks/mathtasks/urls.py", line 6, in <module>
[Thu Oct 09 16:10:52 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] from utils.views import SniptRegistrationView
[Thu Oct 09 16:10:52 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] File "/home/users1/k/kisvadim/django/mathtasks/utils/views.py", line 1, in <module>
[Thu Oct 09 16:10:52 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] from registration.backends.default.views import RegistrationView
[Thu Oct 09 16:10:52 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] File "/home/users1/k/kisvadim/django/mathtasks/registration/backends/default/views.py", line 6, in <module>
[Thu Oct 09 16:10:52 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] from registration.models import RegistrationProfile
[Thu Oct 09 16:10:52 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] File "/home/users1/k/kisvadim/django/mathtasks/registration/models.py", line 9, in <module>
[Thu Oct 09 16:10:52 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] User = get_user_model()
[Thu Oct 09 16:10:52 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] File "/home/users1/k/kisvadim/virtualenv/PythonEnv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/__init__.py", line 136, in get_user_model
[Thu Oct 09 16:10:52 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] return django_apps.get_model(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL)
[Thu Oct 09 16:10:52 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] File "/home/users1/k/kisvadim/virtualenv/PythonEnv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 199, in get_model
[Thu Oct 09 16:10:52 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] self.check_models_ready()
[Thu Oct 09 16:10:52 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] File "/home/users1/k/kisvadim/virtualenv/PythonEnv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 131, in check_models_ready
[Thu Oct 09 16:10:52 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] raise AppRegistryNotReady("Models aren't loaded yet.")
[Thu Oct 09 16:10:52 2014] [error] [client 95.79.172.156] AppRegistryNotReady: Models aren't loaded yet.
答案 0 :(得分：77)
请参阅http://django.readthedocs.org/en/latest/releases/1.7.html#standalone-scripts
import django
django.setup()
答案 1 :(得分：71)
升级到Django 1.7时，我遇到了类似的问题（相同的问题）。在可能的情况下，更新wsgi文件就足够了：replace
import django.core.handlers.wsgi
application = django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler()
与
from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
application = get_wsgi_application()
答案 2 :(得分：17)
我正在浏览所有这些线程以获取芹菜在Windows上工作（带有此特定错误消息）并且我只想强调推送
import django
django.setup()
在你的tasks.py文件的顶部，这最终是让它为我工作的原因。
答案 3 :(得分：12)
INSTALLED_APPS数组中有一个缺少的逗号，这导致了我的错误。
答案 4 :(得分：10)
当我尝试从应用程序__init__.py导入模型时出现此错误，这是不可能的。
答案 5 :(得分：6)
在配置uwsgi应用程序文件（如uwsgi.ini）中替换：
module = django.core.handlers.wsgi:WSGIHandler()
在
module=django.core.wsgi:get_wsgi_application()
答案 6 :(得分：1)
settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL是一个字符串（这就是为什么你得到AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute '_meta' - 它需要一个模型），并且只能用于ForeignKey声明：
class Article(models.Model):
author = models.ForeignKey(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL)
如果您想在其他地方引用您的用户模型，则需要使用get_user_model：
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model UserModel = get_user_model()
答案 7 :(得分：1)
我移动到另一台PC时忘记在我的venv中安装psycopg2以及在我的设置中使用'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql',时出现此错误。
也许这对其他人有用。
答案 8 :(得分：0)
就我而言，我忘了在INSTALLED_APPS内添加一个子应用程序。
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'basketball',
'basketball.area',
'basketball.game',
'basketball.player',
]
答案 9 :(得分：0)
在我的情况下，当我将芹菜升级到4.x并且在我的INSTALLED_APPS：kombu.transport.django中有这个错误时，会导致错误。删除它解决了问题。似乎它主要是由django本身的一些不正确的负载引起的。
答案 10 :(得分：0)
在我的情况下，settings.py中SEcret_key被错误地注释了
答案 11 :(得分：0)
对于那些从shell中收到此错误的人（如我）：
检查您正在执行的是Django的shell，而不是Python的shell。
python manage.py shell
答案 12 :(得分：-3)
只需使用命令行重新安装Django，而不是在Pycharm帮助我。
答案 13 :(得分：-3)
可能是任何原因。在我的情况下，我在我的虚拟环境之外更新了我的python版本，但是我的virtualenv仍然是旧版本，这就产生了错误。我删除了env并使用较新版本再次构建它，并且它有效。