这是一个c程序,用于找出所有可能的单词组合 - >
# include <stdio.h>
/* Function to swap values at two pointers */
void swap (char *x, char *y)
{
char temp;
temp = *x;
*x = *y;
*y = temp;
}
/* Function to print permutations of string
This function takes three parameters:
1. String
2. Starting index of the string
3. Ending index of the string. */
void permute(char *a, int i, int n)
{
int j;
if (i == n)
printf("%s\n", a);
else
{
for (j = i; j <= n; j++)
{
swap((a+i), (a+j));
permute(a, i+1, n);
swap((a+i), (a+j)); //backtrack
}
}
}
/* Driver program to test above functions */
int main()
{
char a[] = "ABC";
permute(a, 0, 2);
getchar();
return 0;
}
任何人都可以解释一下排列代码部分是如何工作的吗?提前谢谢
答案 0 :(得分:1)
拿这段代码运行它,懒得写所有的阶段,为什么不让电脑去做呢?
# include <stdio.h>
/* Function to swap values at two pointers */
void swap (char *x, char *y)
{
char temp;
printf("Swapping %c with %c\n",*x,*y); //<---------- I ADDED THIS FOR YOU
temp = *x;
*x = *y;
*y = temp;
}
/* Function to print permutations of string
This function takes three parameters:
1. String
2. Starting index of the string
3. Ending index of the string. */
void permute(char *a, int i, int n)
{
int j;
printf("-----Now in permute(a,%d,%d)-----\n",i,n); //<---------- I ADDED THIS FOR YOU
printf("-----String is now %s-----\n",a); //<---------- I ADDED THIS FOR YOU
if (i == n)
printf("%s\n", a);
else
{
for (j = i; j <= n; j++)
{
swap((a+i), (a+j));
permute(a, i+1, n);
swap((a+i), (a+j)); //backtrack
}
}
}
/* Driver program to test above functions */
int main()
{
char a[] = "ABC";
permute(a, 0, 2);
getchar();
return 0;
}
答案 1 :(得分:0)
也许你在理解回溯技术时遇到了问题。在这种情况下,您应该阅读一些内容:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backtracking
然而,代码从位置0处的char到以下2个字符的作用。 它使用下面的内容更改第一个char,并以下一个char作为起点调用自身。最后切换回字符以重新创建orign情况。
在递归的第一级,该函数正在切换第一个字母并为接下来的两个字母调用自身:
permute("ABC", 1, 2)
permute("BAC", 1, 2)
permute("CBA", 1, 2)
第二级递归:
permute("ABC", 2, 2) /* -> printf ABC */
permute("ACB", 2, 2) /* -> printf ACB */
permute("BAC", 2, 2) /* -> printf BAC */
permute("BCA", 2, 2) /* -> printf BCA */
permute("CBA", 2, 2) /* -> printf CBA */
permute("CAB", 2, 2) /* -> printf CAB */