Question

我想使用mmap()来创建包含一些整数的文件。我想通过写入内存来写入此文件。我知道内存中的数据是二进制格式，因此文件中的数据也是二进制的。我可以将mmap用于此目的吗？我在哪里可以找到有关如何使用mmap的良好资源？我没有找到一本好的手册。

Answer 1

以下是一个例子：

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/mman.h> /* mmap() is defined in this header */
#include <fcntl.h>

void err_quit(char *msg)
{
    printf(msg);
    return 0;
}

int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
 int fdin, fdout;
 char *src, *dst;
 struct stat statbuf;
 int mode = 0x0777;

 if (argc != 3)
   err_quit ("usage: a.out <fromfile> <tofile>");

 /* open the input file */
 if ((fdin = open (argv[1], O_RDONLY)) < 0)
   {printf("can't open %s for reading", argv[1]);
    return 0;
   }

 /* open/create the output file */
 if ((fdout = open (argv[2], O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, mode )) < 0)//edited here
   {printf ("can't create %s for writing", argv[2]);
    return 0;
   }

 /* find size of input file */
 if (fstat (fdin,&statbuf) < 0)
   {printf ("fstat error");
    return 0;
   }

 /* go to the location corresponding to the last byte */
 if (lseek (fdout, statbuf.st_size - 1, SEEK_SET) == -1)
   {printf ("lseek error");
    return 0;
   }

 /* write a dummy byte at the last location */
 if (write (fdout, "", 1) != 1)
   {printf ("write error");
     return 0;
   }

 /* mmap the input file */
 if ((src = mmap (0, statbuf.st_size, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, fdin, 0))
   == (caddr_t) -1)
   {printf ("mmap error for input");
    return 0;
   }

 /* mmap the output file */
 if ((dst = mmap (0, statbuf.st_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
   MAP_SHARED, fdout, 0)) == (caddr_t) -1)
   {printf ("mmap error for output");
    return 0;
   }

 /* this copies the input file to the output file */
 memcpy (dst, src, statbuf.st_size);
 return 0;

} /* main */

<强> From Here
的 Another Linux example
内存映射的 Windows implementation 。

Answer 2

资源 - ＆gt; mmap man 2

示例： fahmy {/ 3}}

 if ((dst = mmap (0, statbuf.st_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
   MAP_SHARED, fdout, 0)) == (caddr_t) -1)
   err_sys ("mmap error for output");

 /* this copies the input file to the output file */
 memcpy (dst, src, statbuf.st_size);

Linux's cp

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>

/* Does not work on OS X, as you can't mmap over /dev/zero */
int main(void)
{
        const char str1[] = "string 1";
        const char str2[] = "string 2";
        int parpid = getpid(), childpid;
        int fd = -1;
        char *anon, *zero;

        if ((fd = open("/dev/zero", O_RDWR, 0)) == -1)
                err(1, "open");

        anon = (char*)mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_ANON|MAP_SHARED, -1, 0);
        zero = (char*)mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_FILE|MAP_SHARED, fd, 0);

        if (anon == MAP_FAILED || zero == MAP_FAILED)
                errx(1, "either mmap");

        strcpy(anon, str1);
        strcpy(zero, str1);

        printf("PID %d:\tanonymous %s, zero-backed %s\n", parpid, anon, zero);
        switch ((childpid = fork())) {
        case -1:
                err(1, "fork");
                /* NOTREACHED */
        case 0:
                childpid = getpid();
                printf("PID %d:\tanonymous %s, zero-backed %s\n", childpid, anon, zero);
                sleep(3);

                printf("PID %d:\tanonymous %s, zero-backed %s\n", childpid, anon, zero);
                munmap(anon, 4096);
                munmap(zero, 4096);
                close(fd);
                return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
        }

        sleep(2);
        strcpy(anon, str2);
        strcpy(zero, str2);

        printf("PID %d:\tanonymous %s, zero-backed %s\n", parpid, anon, zero);
        munmap(anon, 4096);
        munmap(zero, 4096);
        close(fd);
        return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
}

尝试使用它们并根据您的目标进行调整。

在C中使用mmap写入内存。

2 个答案: