我正在写一个程序，我有一个问题，我希望你们能帮助我。
就像你可以在下面的代码中看到的那样，我有WinMain WINAPI，它创建了主机（父窗口）。当我尝试更改 wc.hbrBackground 变量中的背景颜色时，没有任何事情发生。我真的不明白为什么。我几乎尝试了一切。无论我选择哪种颜色，它都保持深灰色背景 - 并且不会发生错误。我怀疑客户区域的“标记”是问题，但我无法弄清楚 你能帮助我改变一下吗？
我在main.cpp中的代码摘录：
HWND CreateNewMDIChild(HWND hMDIClient)
{
MDICREATESTRUCT mcs;
HWND hChild;
mcs.szTitle = "[Untitled]";
mcs.szClass = g_szChildClassName;
mcs.hOwner = GetModuleHandle(NULL);
mcs.x = mcs.cx = CW_USEDEFAULT;
mcs.y = mcs.cy = CW_USEDEFAULT;
mcs.style = MDIS_ALLCHILDSTYLES;
hChild = (HWND)SendMessage(hMDIClient, WM_MDICREATE, 0, (LONG)&mcs);
if(!hChild)
{
MessageBox(hMDIClient, "MDI Child creation failed.", "Oh Oh...",
MB_ICONEXCLAMATION | MB_OK);
}
return hChild;
}
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch(msg)
{
case WM_CREATE:
{
HWND hStatus;
int statwidths[] = {100, -1};
CLIENTCREATESTRUCT ccs;
// Create MDI Client
// Find window menu where children will be listed
ccs.hWindowMenu = GetSubMenu(GetMenu(hwnd), 5);
ccs.idFirstChild = ID_MDI_FIRSTCHILD;
g_hMDIClient = CreateWindowEx(WS_EX_CLIENTEDGE, "mdiclient", NULL,
WS_CHILD | WS_CLIPCHILDREN | WS_VSCROLL | WS_HSCROLL | WS_VISIBLE,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
hwnd, (HMENU)IDC_MAIN_MDI, GetModuleHandle(NULL), (LPVOID)&ccs);
if(g_hMDIClient == NULL)
MessageBox(hwnd, "Could not create MDI client.", "Error", MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR);
// Create Toolbar
HWND hTool;
TBBUTTON tbb[5];
TBADDBITMAP tbab;
hTool = CreateWindowEx(0, TOOLBARCLASSNAME, NULL, WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE, 0, 0, 0, 0,
hwnd, (HMENU)IDC_MAIN_TOOL, GetModuleHandle(NULL), NULL);
if(hTool == NULL)
MessageBox(hwnd, "Could not create tool bar.", "Error", MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR);
// Send the TB_BUTTONSTRUCTSIZE message, which is required for
// backward compatibility.
SendMessage(hTool, TB_BUTTONSTRUCTSIZE, (WPARAM)sizeof(TBBUTTON), 0);
tbab.hInst = HINST_COMMCTRL;
tbab.nID = IDB_STD_SMALL_COLOR;
SendMessage(hTool, TB_ADDBITMAP, 0, (LPARAM)&tbab);
ZeroMemory(tbb, sizeof(tbb));
tbb[0].iBitmap = STD_FILENEW;
tbb[0].fsState = TBSTATE_ENABLED;
tbb[0].fsStyle = TBSTYLE_BUTTON;
tbb[0].idCommand = ID_FILE_NEW;
SendMessage(hTool, TB_ADDBUTTONS, sizeof(tbb)/sizeof(TBBUTTON), (LPARAM)&tbb);
// Create Status bar
hStatus = CreateWindowEx(0, STATUSCLASSNAME, NULL,
WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | SBARS_SIZEGRIP, 0, 0, 0, 0,
hwnd, (HMENU)IDC_MAIN_STATUS, GetModuleHandle(NULL), NULL);
SendMessage(hStatus, SB_SETPARTS, sizeof(statwidths)/sizeof(int), (LPARAM)statwidths);
SendMessage(hStatus, SB_SETTEXT, 0, (LPARAM)"Version 1.0.0 beta");
}
break;
case WM_SIZE:
{
HWND hTool;
RECT rcTool;
int iToolHeight;
HWND hStatus;
RECT rcStatus;
int iStatusHeight;
HWND hMDI;
int iMDIHeight;
RECT rcClient;
// Size toolbar and get height
hTool = GetDlgItem(hwnd, IDC_MAIN_TOOL);
SendMessage(hTool, TB_AUTOSIZE, 0, 0);
GetWindowRect(hTool, &rcTool);
iToolHeight = rcTool.bottom - rcTool.top;
// Size status bar and get height
hStatus = GetDlgItem(hwnd, IDC_MAIN_STATUS);
SendMessage(hStatus, WM_SIZE, 0, 0);
GetWindowRect(hStatus, &rcStatus);
iStatusHeight = rcStatus.bottom - rcStatus.top;
// Calculate remaining height and size edit
GetClientRect(hwnd, &rcClient);
iMDIHeight = rcClient.bottom - iToolHeight - iStatusHeight;
hMDI = GetDlgItem(hwnd, IDC_MAIN_MDI);
SetWindowPos(hMDI, NULL, 0, iToolHeight, rcClient.right, iMDIHeight, SWP_NOZORDER);
}
break;
case WM_CLOSE:
DestroyWindow(hwnd);
break;
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);
break;
case WM_COMMAND:
// Some code
default:
return DefFrameProc(hwnd, g_hMDIClient, msg, wParam, lParam);
}
return 0;
}
LRESULT CALLBACK MDIChildWndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch(msg)
{
case WM_CREATE:
{
CreateWindow("EDIT", "", WS_VISIBLE | WS_CHILD | WS_BORDER | WS_TABSTOP | WS_GROUP, 270, 40, 80, 20, hwnd, (HMENU) ID_EB_1, NULL, NULL);
CreateWindow("EDIT", "", WS_VISIBLE | WS_CHILD | WS_BORDER | WS_TABSTOP, 270, 70, 80, 20, hwnd, (HMENU) ID_EB_2, NULL, NULL);
CreateWindow("EDIT", "", WS_VISIBLE | WS_CHILD | WS_BORDER | WS_TABSTOP, 430, 70, 80, 20, hwnd, (HMENU) ID_EB_3, NULL, NULL);
CreateWindow("EDIT", "", WS_VISIBLE | WS_CHILD | WS_BORDER | WS_TABSTOP, 270, 135, 80, 20, hwnd, (HMENU) ID_EB_4, NULL, NULL);
CreateWindow("EDIT", "", WS_VISIBLE | WS_CHILD | WS_BORDER | WS_TABSTOP, 430, 135, 80, 20, hwnd, (HMENU) ID_EB_5, NULL, NULL);
}
break;
case WM_COMMAND:
// Some code
break;
return DefMDIChildProc(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam);
default:
return DefMDIChildProc(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam);
}
return 0;
}
BOOL SetUpMDIChildWindowClass(HINSTANCE hInstance)
{
WNDCLASSEX wc;
wc.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
wc.lpfnWndProc = MDIChildWndProc;
wc.cbClsExtra = 0;
wc.cbWndExtra = 0;
wc.hInstance = hInstance;
wc.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_3DFACE+1);
wc.lpszMenuName = NULL;
wc.lpszClassName = g_szChildClassName;
wc.hIconSm = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
if(!RegisterClassEx(&wc))
{
MessageBox(0, "Could Not Register Child Window", "Oh Oh...",
MB_ICONEXCLAMATION | MB_OK);
return FALSE;
}
else
return TRUE;
}
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
{
WNDCLASSEX wc;
HWND hwnd;
MSG Msg;
InitCommonControls();
wc.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
wc.style = 0;
wc.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
wc.cbClsExtra = 0;
wc.cbWndExtra = 0;
wc.hInstance = hInstance;
wc.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);
wc.lpszMenuName = MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_MAINMENU);
wc.lpszClassName = g_szClassName;
wc.hIconSm = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
if(!RegisterClassEx(&wc))
{
MessageBox(NULL, "Window Registration Failed!", "Error!",
MB_ICONEXCLAMATION | MB_OK);
return 0;
}
if(!SetUpMDIChildWindowClass(hInstance))
return 0;
hwnd = CreateWindowEx(
0,
g_szClassName,
"Conosoft Enomi - Version 1.0.0 (beta)",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_CLIPCHILDREN,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, 1100, 700,
NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
if(hwnd == NULL)
{
MessageBox(NULL, "Window Creation Failed!", "Error!",
MB_ICONEXCLAMATION | MB_OK);
return 0;
}
g_hMainWindow = hwnd;
ShowWindow(hwnd, nCmdShow);
UpdateWindow(hwnd);
while(GetMessage(&Msg, NULL, 0, 0) > 0)
{
if (!TranslateMDISysAccel(g_hMDIClient, &Msg))
{
TranslateMessage(&Msg);
DispatchMessage(&Msg);
}
}
return Msg.wParam;
}
我真的希望你们能帮助我，谢谢！ :)
答案 0 :(得分：2)
您无法使用hbrBackground实现此更改，因为客户端窗口类是由系统预定义的。创建客户端窗口时，您将"mdiclient"作为窗口类名称传递。您没有注册该类，它是预先定义的。顺便说一下，您应该使用宏MDICLIENT来指定该类名。
相反，您需要子类化客户端窗口并处理WM_ERASEBKGND以根据需要绘制背景。
答案 1 :(得分：0)
这对我有用。更改MDI应用程序的背景颜色时，需要寻找几个地方。
+----------------------------+
| |
+----------------------------+
| |
| +-------------+ |
| | | |
| | +---------------+ |
| +-----| | |
| | (c) | |
| +---------------+ |
| (f) |
+----------------------------+
（c）是子窗口的背景，在您的示例中，该窗口在wc.hbrBackground中定义为SetUpMDIChildWindowClass()。
BOOL SetUpMDIChildWindowClass(HINSTANCE hInstance)
{
...
wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_3DFACE + 1);
您可以使用
COLOR_... + 1，就像您一样。 WinUser.h中有一些预定义的值。GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH)，如果普通画笔适合您的需求。NULL，如果您想自己处理WM_ERASEBKGND，并可能绘制精美的背景图片。CreateSolidBrush(...)（如果要使用选择的颜色创建画笔）。关闭应用程序之前，请确保将其删除。这是最后一种情况的一个例子。
HBRUSH BackgroundBrush;
int WINAPI WinMain(...)
{
...
hBackgroundBrush = CreateSolidBrush(BACKGROUND_COLOR);
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(...)
{
...
case WM_DESTROY:
DeleteObject(hBackgroundBrush);
（f）是框架窗口的背景。如果子窗口最大化，您将看不到它。在您的情况下，它在wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);中定义为WinMain()。
请注意，如果子窗口的子窗口覆盖了子窗口的整个客户区域，则需要让子窗口处理背景。例如，我的子窗口具有一个涵盖整个子窗口的“编辑”控件。
LRESULT CALLBACK ChildWndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT uMsg,
WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) {
...
case WM_CTLCOLOREDIT:
SetTextColor((HDC)wParam, TEXT_COLOR);
SetBkColor((HDC)wParam, BACKGROUND_COLOR);
return (LRESULT)hBackgroundBrush;