我试图在Swift中上传带有参数的图片。当我尝试这段代码时，我可以得到参数而不是图像
uploadFileToUrl(fotiño:UIImage){
var foto = UIImage(data: UIImageJPEGRepresentation(fotiño, 0.2))
var request = NSMutableURLRequest(URL:NSURL(string: "URL"))
request.HTTPMethod = "POST"
var bodyData = "id_user="PARAMETERS&ETC""
request.HTTPBody = bodyData.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding);
request.HTTPBody = NSData.dataWithData(UIImagePNGRepresentation(foto))
println("miraqui \(request.debugDescription)")
var response: AutoreleasingUnsafeMutablePointer<NSURLResponse?>=nil
var HTTPError: NSError? = nil
var JSONError: NSError? = nil
var dataVal: NSData? = NSURLConnection.sendSynchronousRequest(request, returningResponse: response, error: &HTTPError)
if ((dataVal != nil) && (HTTPError == nil)) {
var jsonResult = NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(dataVal!, options: NSJSONReadingOptions.MutableContainers, error: &JSONError)
if (JSONError != nil) {
println("Bad JSON")
} else {
println("Synchronous\(jsonResult)")
}
} else if (HTTPError != nil) {
println("Request failed")
} else {
println("No Data returned")
}
}
编辑2：
我认为我在保存UIImage的路径上遇到了一些问题，因为php告诉我文件已经存在，我认为是因为我发送空白
func createRequest (#userid: String, disco: String, id_disco: String, pub: String, foto: UIImage) -> NSURLRequest {
let param = [
"id_user" : userid,
"name_discoteca" : disco,
"id_discoteca" : id_disco,
"ispublic" : pub] // build your dictionary however appropriate
let boundary = generateBoundaryString()
let url = NSURL(string: "http....")
let request = NSMutableURLRequest(URL: url)
request.HTTPMethod = "POST"
request.timeoutInterval = 60
request.HTTPShouldHandleCookies = false
request.setValue("multipart/form-data; boundary=\(boundary)", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type")
var imagesaver = ImageSaver()
var image = foto // However you create/get a UIImage
let documentsPath = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(.DocumentDirectory, .UserDomainMask, true)[0] as String
let destinationPath = documentsPath.stringByAppendingPathComponent("VipKing.jpg")
UIImageJPEGRepresentation(image,1.0).writeToFile(destinationPath, atomically: true)
self.saveImage(foto, withFileName: "asdasd22.jpg")
var path = self.documentsPathForFileName("asdasd22.jpg")
self.ViewImage.image = self.loadImageWithFileName("asdasd22.jpg")
// let path1 = NSBundle.mainBundle().pathForResource("asdasd22", ofType: "jpg", inDirectory: path) as String!
**//path1 always crash**
println(param.debugDescription)
println(path.debugDescription)
println(boundary.debugDescription)
request.HTTPBody = createBodyWithParameters(param, filePathKey: "asdasd22.jpg", paths: [path], boundary: boundary)
println(request.debugDescription)
return request
}
答案 0 :(得分：131)
在下面的评论中，您通知我们您使用$_FILES语法来检索文件。这意味着您要创建multipart/form-data请求。这个过程基本上是：
指定multipart/form-data请求的边界。
指定请求的Content-Type，指定它multipart/form-data以及边界是什么。
创建请求主体，分隔各个组件（每个发布的值以及每次上传之间）。
有关详细信息，请参阅RFC 2388。无论如何，在Swift 3中，这可能看起来像：
/// Create request
///
/// - parameter userid: The userid to be passed to web service
/// - parameter password: The password to be passed to web service
/// - parameter email: The email address to be passed to web service
///
/// - returns: The `URLRequest` that was created
func createRequest(userid: String, password: String, email: String) throws -> URLRequest {
let parameters = [
"user_id" : userid,
"email" : email,
"password" : password] // build your dictionary however appropriate
let boundary = generateBoundaryString()
let url = URL(string: "https://example.com/imageupload.php")!
var request = URLRequest(url: url)
request.httpMethod = "POST"
request.setValue("multipart/form-data; boundary=\(boundary)", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type")
let path1 = Bundle.main.path(forResource: "image1", ofType: "png")!
request.httpBody = try createBody(with: parameters, filePathKey: "file", paths: [path1], boundary: boundary)
return request
}
/// Create body of the `multipart/form-data` request
///
/// - parameter parameters: The optional dictionary containing keys and values to be passed to web service
/// - parameter filePathKey: The optional field name to be used when uploading files. If you supply paths, you must supply filePathKey, too.
/// - parameter paths: The optional array of file paths of the files to be uploaded
/// - parameter boundary: The `multipart/form-data` boundary
///
/// - returns: The `Data` of the body of the request
private func createBody(with parameters: [String: String]?, filePathKey: String, paths: [String], boundary: String) throws -> Data {
var body = Data()
if parameters != nil {
for (key, value) in parameters! {
body.append("--\(boundary)\r\n")
body.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"\(key)\"\r\n\r\n")
body.append("\(value)\r\n")
}
}
for path in paths {
let url = URL(fileURLWithPath: path)
let filename = url.lastPathComponent
let data = try Data(contentsOf: url)
let mimetype = mimeType(for: path)
body.append("--\(boundary)\r\n")
body.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"\(filePathKey)\"; filename=\"\(filename)\"\r\n")
body.append("Content-Type: \(mimetype)\r\n\r\n")
body.append(data)
body.append("\r\n")
}
body.append("--\(boundary)--\r\n")
return body
}
/// Create boundary string for multipart/form-data request
///
/// - returns: The boundary string that consists of "Boundary-" followed by a UUID string.
private func generateBoundaryString() -> String {
return "Boundary-\(UUID().uuidString)"
}
/// Determine mime type on the basis of extension of a file.
///
/// This requires `import MobileCoreServices`.
///
/// - parameter path: The path of the file for which we are going to determine the mime type.
///
/// - returns: Returns the mime type if successful. Returns `application/octet-stream` if unable to determine mime type.
private func mimeType(for path: String) -> String {
let url = URL(fileURLWithPath: path)
let pathExtension = url.pathExtension
if let uti = UTTypeCreatePreferredIdentifierForTag(kUTTagClassFilenameExtension, pathExtension as NSString, nil)?.takeRetainedValue() {
if let mimetype = UTTypeCopyPreferredTagWithClass(uti, kUTTagClassMIMEType)?.takeRetainedValue() {
return mimetype as String
}
}
return "application/octet-stream"
}
使用：
extension Data {
/// Append string to Data
///
/// Rather than littering my code with calls to `data(using: .utf8)` to convert `String` values to `Data`, this wraps it in a nice convenient little extension to Data. This defaults to converting using UTF-8.
///
/// - parameter string: The string to be added to the `Data`.
mutating func append(_ string: String, using encoding: String.Encoding = .utf8) {
if let data = string.data(using: encoding) {
append(data)
}
}
}
或者，在Swift 2中：
/// Create request
///
/// - parameter userid: The userid to be passed to web service
/// - parameter password: The password to be passed to web service
/// - parameter email: The email address to be passed to web service
///
/// - returns: The NSURLRequest that was created
func createRequest (userid userid: String, password: String, email: String) -> NSURLRequest {
let param = [
"user_id" : userid,
"email" : email,
"password" : password] // build your dictionary however appropriate
let boundary = generateBoundaryString()
let url = NSURL(string: "https://example.com/imageupload.php")!
let request = NSMutableURLRequest(URL: url)
request.HTTPMethod = "POST"
request.setValue("multipart/form-data; boundary=\(boundary)", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type")
let path1 = NSBundle.mainBundle().pathForResource("image1", ofType: "png") as String!
request.HTTPBody = createBodyWithParameters(param, filePathKey: "file", paths: [path1], boundary: boundary)
return request
}
/// Create body of the multipart/form-data request
///
/// - parameter parameters: The optional dictionary containing keys and values to be passed to web service
/// - parameter filePathKey: The optional field name to be used when uploading files. If you supply paths, you must supply filePathKey, too.
/// - parameter paths: The optional array of file paths of the files to be uploaded
/// - parameter boundary: The multipart/form-data boundary
///
/// - returns: The NSData of the body of the request
func createBodyWithParameters(parameters: [String: String]?, filePathKey: String?, paths: [String]?, boundary: String) -> NSData {
let body = NSMutableData()
if parameters != nil {
for (key, value) in parameters! {
body.appendString("--\(boundary)\r\n")
body.appendString("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"\(key)\"\r\n\r\n")
body.appendString("\(value)\r\n")
}
}
if paths != nil {
for path in paths! {
let url = NSURL(fileURLWithPath: path)
let filename = url.lastPathComponent
let data = NSData(contentsOfURL: url)!
let mimetype = mimeTypeForPath(path)
body.appendString("--\(boundary)\r\n")
body.appendString("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"\(filePathKey!)\"; filename=\"\(filename!)\"\r\n")
body.appendString("Content-Type: \(mimetype)\r\n\r\n")
body.appendData(data)
body.appendString("\r\n")
}
}
body.appendString("--\(boundary)--\r\n")
return body
}
/// Create boundary string for multipart/form-data request
///
/// - returns: The boundary string that consists of "Boundary-" followed by a UUID string.
func generateBoundaryString() -> String {
return "Boundary-\(NSUUID().UUIDString)"
}
/// Determine mime type on the basis of extension of a file.
///
/// This requires MobileCoreServices framework.
///
/// - parameter path: The path of the file for which we are going to determine the mime type.
///
/// - returns: Returns the mime type if successful. Returns application/octet-stream if unable to determine mime type.
func mimeTypeForPath(path: String) -> String {
let url = NSURL(fileURLWithPath: path)
let pathExtension = url.pathExtension
if let uti = UTTypeCreatePreferredIdentifierForTag(kUTTagClassFilenameExtension, pathExtension! as NSString, nil)?.takeRetainedValue() {
if let mimetype = UTTypeCopyPreferredTagWithClass(uti, kUTTagClassMIMEType)?.takeRetainedValue() {
return mimetype as String
}
}
return "application/octet-stream";
}
和
extension NSMutableData {
/// Append string to NSMutableData
///
/// Rather than littering my code with calls to `dataUsingEncoding` to convert strings to NSData, and then add that data to the NSMutableData, this wraps it in a nice convenient little extension to NSMutableData. This converts using UTF-8.
///
/// - parameter string: The string to be added to the `NSMutableData`.
func appendString(string: String) {
let data = string.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding, allowLossyConversion: true)
appendData(data!)
}
}
完成所有这些后，您现在需要提交此请求。我建议不要在你的问题中使用同步技术。你应该异步这样做。例如，在URLSession中，在Swift 3中，您可以执行以下操作：
let request: URLRequest
do {
request = try createRequest(userid: userid, password: password, email: email)
} catch {
print(error)
return
}
let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { data, response, error in
guard error == nil else {
// handle error here
print(error!)
return
}
// if response was JSON, then parse it
do {
let responseDictionary = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data!)
print("success == \(responseDictionary)")
// note, if you want to update the UI, make sure to dispatch that to the main queue, e.g.:
//
// DispatchQueue.main.async {
// // update your UI and model objects here
// }
} catch {
print(error)
let responseString = String(data: data!, encoding: .utf8)
print("responseString = \(responseString)")
}
}
task.resume()
或者，对于Swift 2的演绎：
let request = createRequest(userid: userid, password: password, email: email)
let task = NSURLSession.sharedSession().dataTaskWithRequest(request) { data, response, error in
if error != nil {
// handle error here
print(error)
return
}
// if response was JSON, then parse it
do {
if let responseDictionary = try NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(data!, options: []) as? NSDictionary {
print("success == \(responseDictionary)")
// note, if you want to update the UI, make sure to dispatch that to the main queue, e.g.:
//
// dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue()) {
// // update your UI and model objects here
// }
}
} catch {
print(error)
let responseString = NSString(data: data!, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding)
print("responseString = \(responseString)")
}
}
task.resume()
我的原始答案在下面是出于历史目的：
有几点意见：
您将HTTPBody设置为标准POST格式（就好像它是application/x-www-form-urlencoded请求一样，即使您从未指定过这种格式）。然后，您继续丢弃它并将其替换为图像的PNG表示的二进制数据。你可能想要发送两者。
我们无法建议您准确说明服务器的期望，但经常是multipart/form-data，而不是application/x-www-form-urlencoded（例如，如果它是PHP网络服务，它使用$_FILES变量）。如果您尝试multipart/form-data，请参阅此POST multipart/form-data with Objective-C，例如如何执行此操作。显然，这是Objective-C，但它说明了基本技术。
请注意，其他网络服务使用的格式还有其他格式，所以我不敢假设这是期待multipart/form-data请求。您应该确切地确认服务器的期望。
毋庸置疑，还有其他问题（例如，你真的应该至少指定请求的Content-Type;你真的不应该发出同步请求（除非你＆＃39） ;已经在后台线程中执行此操作）;我可能会建议NSURLSession;等等。
但主要问题是你如何填充HTTPBody。但是，如果没有更清楚地了解服务器的要求，我们很难帮助您。
答案 1 :(得分：14)
AlamoFire现在支持Multipart：
https://github.com/Alamofire/Alamofire#uploading-multipartformdata
这是一篇博客文章，内容涉及使用Multipart和AlamoFire进行示例项目。
http://www.thorntech.com/2015/07/4-essential-swift-networking-tools-for-working-with-rest-apis/
相关代码可能看起来像这样（假设您正在使用AlamoFire和SwiftyJSON）：
func createMultipart(image: UIImage, callback: Bool -> Void){
// use SwiftyJSON to convert a dictionary to JSON
var parameterJSON = JSON([
"id_user": "test"
])
// JSON stringify
let parameterString = parameterJSON.rawString(encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding, options: nil)
let jsonParameterData = parameterString!.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding, allowLossyConversion: true)
// convert image to binary
let imageData = UIImageJPEGRepresentation(image, 0.7)
// upload is part of AlamoFire
upload(
.POST,
URLString: "http://httpbin.org/post",
multipartFormData: { multipartFormData in
// fileData: puts it in "files"
multipartFormData.appendBodyPart(fileData: jsonParameterData!, name: "goesIntoFile", fileName: "json.txt", mimeType: "application/json")
multipartFormData.appendBodyPart(fileData: imageData, name: "file", fileName: "iosFile.jpg", mimeType: "image/jpg")
// data: puts it in "form"
multipartFormData.appendBodyPart(data: jsonParameterData!, name: "goesIntoForm")
},
encodingCompletion: { encodingResult in
switch encodingResult {
case .Success(let upload, _, _):
upload.responseJSON { request, response, data, error in
let json = JSON(data!)
println("json:: \(json)")
callback(true)
}
case .Failure(let encodingError):
callback(false)
}
}
)
}
let fotoImage = UIImage(named: "foto")
createMultipart(fotoImage!, callback: { success in
if success { }
})
答案 2 :(得分：1)
谢谢你@Rob，你的代码工作正常，但在我的情况下，我正在从gallary中重新获取图像并使用代码获取图像的名称：
let filename = url.lastPathComponent
但是这段代码，将图片扩展名显示为.JPG（大写字母），但服务器不接受captital letter中的扩展名，所以我将代码更改为：
let filename = (path.lastPathComponent as NSString).lowercaseString
现在我的代码工作正常。
谢谢：）