我有以下查询：
WITH preEKBE AS(
SELECT
EKPO . MANDT,
EKPO . EBELN,
EKPO . EBELP,
DD07T.DDTEXT AS c_Meaning,
EKBE . VGABE,
EKBE . DMBTR,
EKBE . MENGE,
COUNT(VGABE) OVER(PARTITION BY EKBE . EBELN, EKBE . EBELP, ZEKKN) AS c_COUNT,
CONVERT (varchar(10),MIN(EKBE . BLDAT) OVER ( PARTITION BY EKBE . EBELN, EKBE . EBELP, EKBE . VGABE),104) AS c_EBKE_BLDAT_First,
CONVERT (varchar(10),MIN(EKBE . BUDAT) OVER ( PARTITION BY EKBE . EBELN, EKBE . EBELP, EKBE . VGABE),104) AS c_EKBE_BUDAT_First,
CONVERT (varchar(10),MAX(EKBE . BLDAT) OVER ( PARTITION BY EKBE . EBELN, EKBE . EBELP, EKBE . VGABE),104) AS c_EBKE_BLDAT_Last,
CONVERT (varchar(10),MAX(EKBE . BUDAT) OVER ( PARTITION BY EKBE . EBELN, EKBE . EBELP, EKBE . VGABE),104) AS c_EKBE_BUDAT_Last
FROM EKPO
LEFT JOIN EKKO
ON EKPO . MANDT = EKKO . MANDT
AND EKPO . EBELN = EKKO . EBELN
LEFT JOIN EKBE
ON EKPO . MANDT = EKBE . MANDT
AND EKPO . EBELN = EKBE . EBELN
AND EKPO . EBELP = EKBE . EBELP
LEFT JOIN DD07T
ON DD07T . DOMNAME = 'VGABE'
AND DD07T . DOMVALUE_L = EKBE.VGABE
AND DD07T . DDLANGUAGE = 'D'
)
SELECT * INTO #preEKBE FROM preEKBE
ORDER BY EBELN , EBELP
它生成了我这个表
+-------+------------+-------+-----------------------------+-------+---------+----------+---------+--------------------+--------------------+-------------------+-------------------+
| MANDT | EBELN | EBELP | c_Meaning | VGABE | DMBTR | MENGE | c_COUNT | c_EBKE_BLDAT_First | c_EKBE_BUDAT_First | c_EBKE_BLDAT_Last | c_EKBE_BUDAT_Last |
+-------+------------+-------+-----------------------------+-------+---------+----------+---------+--------------------+--------------------+-------------------+-------------------+
| 800 | 3000000004 | 00001 | Wareneingang | 1 | 27.95 | 1.000 | 1 | 19.12.2000 | 19.12.2000 | 19.12.2000 | 19.12.2000 |
| 800 | 3000000004 | 00001 | Rechnungseingang | 2 | 27.95 | 1.000 | 1 | 19.12.2000 | 21.12.2000 | 19.12.2000 | 21.12.2000 |
| 800 | 3000000004 | 00002 | Wareneingang | 1 | 10.95 | 1.000 | 1 | 19.12.2000 | 19.12.2000 | 19.12.2000 | 19.12.2000 |
| 800 | 3000000004 | 00002 | Rechnungseingang | 2 | 10.95 | 1.000 | 1 | 19.12.2000 | 21.12.2000 | 19.12.2000 | 21.12.2000 |
| 800 | 4500008499 | 00010 | Wareneingang | 1 | 268.43 | 1.000 | 1 | 27.03.2000 | 27.03.2000 | 27.03.2000 | 27.03.2000 |
| 800 | 4500008499 | 00010 | Leistungserfassungsblatt | 9 | 268.43 | 1.000 | 1 | 27.03.2000 | 27.03.2000 | 27.03.2000 | 27.03.2000 |
| 800 | 4500010470 | 00010 | Wareneingang | 1 | 0.00 | 1092.000 | 6 | 07.02.2001 | 07.02.2001 | 07.02.2001 | 07.02.2001 |
| 800 | 4500010470 | 00010 | Wareneingang | 1 | 0.00 | 3512.000 | 6 | 07.02.2001 | 07.02.2001 | 07.02.2001 | 07.02.2001 |
| 800 | 4500010470 | 00010 | Warenausgabe für Umlagerung | 6 | 1615.52 | 3512.000 | 6 | 07.02.2001 | 07.02.2001 | 07.02.2001 | 07.02.2001 |
| 800 | 4500010470 | 00010 | Warenausgabe für Umlagerung | 6 | 502.32 | 1092.000 | 6 | 07.02.2001 | 07.02.2001 | 07.02.2001 | 07.02.2001 |
| 800 | 4500010470 | 00010 | Lieferung zu Umlagerung | 8 | 0.00 | 1092.000 | 6 | 01.01.1900 | 07.02.2001 | 01.01.1900 | 07.02.2001 |
| 800 | 4500010470 | 00010 | Lieferung zu Umlagerung | 8 | 0.00 | 3512.000 | 6 | 01.01.1900 | 07.02.2001 | 01.01.1900 | 07.02.2001 |
+-------+------------+-------+-----------------------------+-------+---------+----------+---------+--------------------+--------------------+-------------------+-------------------+
现在我有一个部分有效的动态Pivot。
DECLARE @cols AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
@query AS NVARCHAR(MAX)
select @cols = STUFF((SELECT ',' + QUOTENAME(col + '_' + VGABE)
from #preEKBE t
cross apply
(
select 'c_DMBTR', 1 union all
select 'c_MENGE', 2 union all
select 'c_COUNT', 3
) c (col, so)
group by col, so, VGABE
order by VGABE, so
FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,1,'')
set @query
= 'SELECT EBELN, EBELP,' + @cols + N'
from
(
select
t.EBELN,
t.EBELP,
new_col = c.orig_col + ''_'' + VGABE,
c.value
from #preEKBE t
cross apply
(
select ''c_MENGE'', t.MENGE union all
select ''c_DMBTR'', t.DMBTR union all
select ''c_COUNT'', t.c_COUNT
) c (orig_col, value)
) x
pivot
(
sum(value)
for new_col in (' + @cols + N')
) p
order by EBELN , EBELP'
exec sp_executesql @query;
给我一个结果：
+------------+-------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| EBELN | EBELP | c_DMBTR_1 | c_MENGE_1 | c_COUNT_1 | c_DMBTR_2 | c_MENGE_2 | c_COUNT_2 | c_DMBTR_6 | c_MENGE_6 | c_COUNT_6 | c_DMBTR_7 | c_MENGE_7 | c_COUNT_7 | c_DMBTR_8 | c_MENGE_8 | c_COUNT_8 | c_DMBTR_9 | c_MENGE_9 | c_COUNT_9 | c_DMBTR_P | c_MENGE_P | c_COUNT_P | c_DMBTR_R | c_MENGE_R | c_COUNT_R |
+------------+-------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 3000000004 | 00001 | 27.950 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 27.950 | 1.000 | 1.000 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| 3000000004 | 00002 | 10.950 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 10.950 | 1.000 | 1.000 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
+------------+-------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
我需要查询是动态的，因为列VGABE可以创建新的列名，并且可能存在未使用的值，我只希望使用VGABE值。
现在的问题是我想添加更多列，这些列也应该动态生成。当VGABE为1时，我需要一个名为c_Meaning_1 (nvarchar)的列，并且它将具有来自DD07T的联接的值。
c_COUNT_代表每条记录的每个VGABE值的计数。这个专栏很完美。
在这些列之后，我还需要添加列c_BLDAT_First_，c_BUDAT_First_，c_BLDAT_Last_和c_BUDAT_Last_，最后将VGABE值连接起来新列名称。该值在CTE中计算。
有没有办法在没有临时表的情况下直接使用CTE？
我不知道如何解决这个问题，因为我正在处理多种数据类型，并且每种数据类型的汇总方式都不同。当VGABE存在值1和9时，它应如下所示：
+---------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------------------+----------------------+---------------------+---------------------+---------------------------+------------+-----------+-----------+----------------------+----------------------+---------------------+---------------------+
| C_MEANING_1 | C_DMBTR_1 | C_MENGE_1 | C_COUNT_1 | C_EBKE_BLDAT_FIRST_1 | C_EKBE_BUDAT_FIRST_1 | C_EBKE_BLDAT_LAST_1 | C_EKBE_BUDAT_LAST_1 | C_MEANING_9 | C_DMBTR_9 | C_MENGE_9 | C_COUNT_9 | C_EBKE_BLDAT_FIRST_9 | C_EKBE_BUDAT_FIRST_9 | C_EBKE_BLDAT_LAST_9 | C_EKBE_BUDAT_LAST_9 |
+---------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------------------+----------------------+---------------------+---------------------+---------------------------+------------+-----------+-----------+----------------------+----------------------+---------------------+---------------------+
| Wareneingang: | 10,00 | 1 | 1 | 19.12.2000 | 19.12.2000 | 19.12.2000 | 19.12.2000 | Leistungserfassungsblatt: | 0 | 0 | 0 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| Wareneingang: | 0 | 0 | 0 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | Leistungserfassungsblatt: | 20 | 2 | 1 | 19.12.2000 | 19.12.2000 | 19.12.2000 | 19.12.2000 |
+---------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------------------+----------------------+---------------------+---------------------+---------------------------+------------+-----------+-----------+----------------------+----------------------+---------------------+---------------------+
对于每个VGABE值，按上面给出的顺序应该有一个自己的列。如果您需要进一步的信息，请问我。我正在使用SQL Server 2014和SQL Management Studio 2014以及TSQL。
答案 0 :(得分：8)
嗯，你在这里弄得一团糟，因为你想把多行的多列转换成更多的列，除此之外你还需要为每个列使用不同的聚合，因为有些他们需要SUM和其他人，你必须使用MAX或MIN（在字符串/日期）。
您应该始终尝试使用较小版本的静态查询来获取逻辑，而不是直接进入动态sql版本。在我看来，这使得动态SQL的使用变得更加容易，因为你不会猜测做什么或做什么不正常。
我首先从一个查询开始，该查询获取您需要SUM的每个项目的总和。
select ebeln, ebelp,
c_Meaning,
vgabe,
dmbtr = cast(sum(dmbtr) over(partition by ebeln, ebelp, vgabe) as varchar(50)),
menge = cast(sum(menge) over(partition by ebeln, ebelp, vgabe) as varchar(50)),
c_count = cast(sum(c_count) over(partition by ebeln, ebelp, vgabe) as varchar(50)),
c_EBKE_BLDAT_First = cast(c_EBKE_BLDAT_First as varchar(50)),
c_EKBE_BUDAT_First = cast(c_EKBE_BUDAT_First as varchar(50)),
c_EBKE_BLDAT_Last = cast(c_EBKE_BLDAT_Last as varchar(50)),
c_EKBE_BUDAT_Last = cast(c_EKBE_BUDAT_Last as varchar(50))
from preEKBE
见SQL Fiddle with Demo。这会获得您在最终结果中所需的所有内容的值，因为您获得了ebeln，ebelp和vgabe组合的总和。您将看到我还将所有值转换为相同的数据类型 - 这对于下一步 - unpivot是必需的。由于所有数据都将存储在同一列中，因此它们需要相同的数据类型。
select d.ebeln, d.ebelp,
new_col = c.orig_col + '_' + cast(d.vgabe as varchar(2)),
c.value
from
(
select ebeln, ebelp,
c_Meaning,
vgabe,
dmbtr = cast(sum(dmbtr) over(partition by ebeln, ebelp, vgabe) as varchar(50)),
menge = cast(sum(menge) over(partition by ebeln, ebelp, vgabe) as varchar(50)),
c_count = cast(sum(c_count) over(partition by ebeln, ebelp, vgabe) as varchar(50)),
c_EBKE_BLDAT_First = cast(c_EBKE_BLDAT_First as varchar(50)),
c_EKBE_BUDAT_First = cast(c_EKBE_BUDAT_First as varchar(50)),
c_EBKE_BLDAT_Last = cast(c_EBKE_BLDAT_Last as varchar(50)),
c_EKBE_BUDAT_Last = cast(c_EKBE_BUDAT_Last as varchar(50))
from preEKBE
) d
cross apply
(
select 'c_Meaning', c_Meaning union all
select 'c_MENGE', menge union all
select 'c_DMBTR', dmbtr union all
select 'c_count', c_count union all
select 'c_EBKE_BLDAT_First', c_EBKE_BLDAT_First union all
select 'c_EKBE_BUDAT_First', c_EKBE_BUDAT_First union all
select 'c_EBKE_BLDAT_Last', c_EBKE_BLDAT_Last union all
select 'c_EKBE_BUDAT_Last', c_EKBE_BUDAT_Last
) c (orig_col, value)
见SQL Fiddle with Demo。现在您已经获得了如下所示的数据：
| EBELN | EBELP | NEW_COL | VALUE |
|------------|-------|----------------------|-----------------------------|
| 3000000004 | 1 | c_Meaning_1 | Wareneingang |
| 3000000004 | 1 | c_MENGE_1 | 1 |
| 3000000004 | 1 | c_DMBTR_1 | 27.95 |
| 3000000004 | 1 | c_count_1 | 1 |
| 3000000004 | 1 | c_EBKE_BLDAT_First_1 | 19.12.2000 |
| 3000000004 | 1 | c_EKBE_BUDAT_First_1 | 19.12.2000 |
最后，您应用PIVOT功能：
select ebeln,
ebelp,
c_Meaning_1, c_MENGE_1, c_DMBTR_1, c_count_1,
c_EBKE_BLDAT_First_1, c_EKBE_BUDAT_First_1,
c_EBKE_BLDAT_Last_1, c_EKBE_BUDAT_Last_1
from
(
select d.ebeln, d.ebelp,
new_col = c.orig_col + '_' + cast(d.vgabe as varchar(2)),
c.value
from
(
select ebeln, ebelp,
c_Meaning,
vgabe,
dmbtr = cast(sum(dmbtr) over(partition by ebeln, ebelp, vgabe) as varchar(50)),
menge = cast(sum(menge) over(partition by ebeln, ebelp, vgabe) as varchar(50)),
c_count = cast(sum(c_count) over(partition by ebeln, ebelp, vgabe) as varchar(50)),
c_EBKE_BLDAT_First = cast(c_EBKE_BLDAT_First as varchar(50)),
c_EKBE_BUDAT_First = cast(c_EKBE_BUDAT_First as varchar(50)),
c_EBKE_BLDAT_Last = cast(c_EBKE_BLDAT_Last as varchar(50)),
c_EKBE_BUDAT_Last = cast(c_EKBE_BUDAT_Last as varchar(50))
from preEKBE
) d
cross apply
(
select 'c_Meaning', c_Meaning union all
select 'c_MENGE', menge union all
select 'c_DMBTR', dmbtr union all
select 'c_count', c_count union all
select 'c_EBKE_BLDAT_First', c_EBKE_BLDAT_First union all
select 'c_EKBE_BUDAT_First', c_EKBE_BUDAT_First union all
select 'c_EBKE_BLDAT_Last', c_EBKE_BLDAT_Last union all
select 'c_EKBE_BUDAT_Last', c_EKBE_BUDAT_Last
) c (orig_col, value)
) src
pivot
(
max(value)
for new_col in (c_Meaning_1, c_MENGE_1, c_DMBTR_1, c_count_1,
c_EBKE_BLDAT_First_1, c_EKBE_BUDAT_First_1,
c_EBKE_BLDAT_Last_1, c_EKBE_BUDAT_Last_1)
) piv;
现在你有了工作逻辑，你可以将它转换为动态sql：
DECLARE @cols AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
@query AS NVARCHAR(MAX)
select @cols = STUFF((SELECT ',' + QUOTENAME(col + '_' + cast(VGABE as varchar(2)))
from preEKBE t
cross apply
(
select 'c_meaning', 0 union all
select 'c_DMBTR', 1 union all
select 'c_MENGE', 2 union all
select 'c_COUNT', 3 union all
select 'c_EBKE_BLDAT_FIRST', 4 union all
select 'c_EKBE_BUDAT_FIRST', 5 union all
select 'c_EBKE_BLDAT_LAST', 6 union all
select 'c_EKBE_BUDAT_LAST', 7
) c (col, so)
group by col, so, VGABE
order by VGABE, so
FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,1,'')
set @query
= 'SELECT EBELN, EBELP, ' + @cols + N'
from
(
select d.ebeln,
d.ebelp,
new_col = c.orig_col + ''_'' + cast(d.vgabe as varchar(2)),
c.value
from
(
select ebeln, ebelp,
c_Meaning,
vgabe,
dmbtr = cast(sum(dmbtr) over(partition by ebeln, ebelp, vgabe) as varchar(50)),
menge = cast(sum(menge) over(partition by ebeln, ebelp, vgabe) as varchar(50)),
c_count = cast(sum(c_count) over(partition by ebeln, ebelp, vgabe) as varchar(50)),
c_EBKE_BLDAT_First = cast(c_EBKE_BLDAT_First as varchar(50)),
c_EKBE_BUDAT_First = cast(c_EKBE_BUDAT_First as varchar(50)),
c_EBKE_BLDAT_Last = cast(c_EBKE_BLDAT_Last as varchar(50)),
c_EKBE_BUDAT_Last = cast(c_EKBE_BUDAT_Last as varchar(50))
from preEKBE
) d
cross apply
(
select ''c_meaning'', d.c_meaning union all
select ''c_MENGE'', d.MENGE union all
select ''c_DMBTR'', d.DMBTR union all
select ''c_COUNT'', d.c_COUNT union all
select ''c_EBKE_BLDAT_First'', d.c_EBKE_BLDAT_First union all
select ''c_EKBE_BUDAT_First'', d.c_EKBE_BUDAT_First union all
select ''c_EBKE_BLDAT_Last'', d.c_EBKE_BLDAT_Last union all
select ''c_EKBE_BUDAT_Last'', d.c_EKBE_BUDAT_Last
) c (orig_col, value)
) x
pivot
(
max(value)
for new_col in (' + @cols + N')
) p
order by EBELN , EBELP'
exec sp_executesql @query;
见SQL Fiddle with Demo。这给出了最终结果：
| EBELN | EBELP | C_MEANING_1 | C_DMBTR_1 | C_MENGE_1 | C_COUNT_1 | C_EBKE_BLDAT_FIRST_1 | C_EKBE_BUDAT_FIRST_1 | C_EBKE_BLDAT_LAST_1 | C_EKBE_BUDAT_LAST_1 | C_MEANING_2 | C_DMBTR_2 | C_MENGE_2 | C_COUNT_2 | C_EBKE_BLDAT_FIRST_2 | C_EKBE_BUDAT_FIRST_2 | C_EBKE_BLDAT_LAST_2 | C_EKBE_BUDAT_LAST_2 | C_MEANING_6 | C_DMBTR_6 | C_MENGE_6 | C_COUNT_6 | C_EBKE_BLDAT_FIRST_6 | C_EKBE_BUDAT_FIRST_6 | C_EBKE_BLDAT_LAST_6 | C_EKBE_BUDAT_LAST_6 | C_MEANING_8 | C_DMBTR_8 | C_MENGE_8 | C_COUNT_8 | C_EBKE_BLDAT_FIRST_8 | C_EKBE_BUDAT_FIRST_8 | C_EBKE_BLDAT_LAST_8 | C_EKBE_BUDAT_LAST_8 | C_MEANING_9 | C_DMBTR_9 | C_MENGE_9 | C_COUNT_9 | C_EBKE_BLDAT_FIRST_9 | C_EKBE_BUDAT_FIRST_9 | C_EBKE_BLDAT_LAST_9 | C_EKBE_BUDAT_LAST_9 |
|------------|-------|--------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|----------------------|----------------------|---------------------|---------------------|------------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|----------------------|----------------------|---------------------|---------------------|-----------------------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|----------------------|----------------------|---------------------|---------------------|-------------------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|----------------------|----------------------|---------------------|---------------------|--------------------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|----------------------|----------------------|---------------------|---------------------|
| 3000000004 | 1 | Wareneingang | 27.95 | 1 | 1 | 19.12.2000 | 19.12.2000 | 19.12.2000 | 19.12.2000 | Rechnungseingang | 27.95 | 1 | 1 | 19.12.2000 | 21.12.2000 | 19.12.2000 | 21.12.2000 | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) |
| 3000000004 | 2 | Wareneingang | 10.95 | 1 | 1 | 19.12.2000 | 19.12.2000 | 19.12.2000 | 19.12.2000 | Rechnungseingang | 10.95 | 1 | 1 | 19.12.2000 | 21.12.2000 | 19.12.2000 | 21.12.2000 | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) |
| 4500008499 | 10 | Wareneingang | 268.43 | 1 | 1 | 27.03.2000 | 27.03.2000 | 27.03.2000 | 27.03.2000 | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | Leistungserfassungsblatt | 268.43 | 1 | 1 | 27.03.2000 | 27.03.2000 | 27.03.2000 | 27.03.2000 |
| 4500010470 | 10 | Wareneingang | 0.00 | 4604 | 12 | 07.02.2001 | 07.02.2001 | 07.02.2001 | 07.02.2001 | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | Warenausgabe für Umlagerung | 2117.84 | 4604 | 12 | 07.02.2001 | 07.02.2001 | 07.02.2001 | 07.02.2001 | Lieferung zu Umlagerung | 0.00 | 4604 | 12 | 01.01.1900 | 07.02.2001 | 01.01.1900 | 07.02.2001 | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) | (null) |