Question

有这个字符串：

"example( other(1), 123, [25]).othermethod(456)"

我如何只捕获主要函数的参数：

"other(1), 123, [25]" and "456"

我正在尝试这个： http://regex101.com/r/cR0uS9/2

在html示例中。有这个：

<div>
    <div>
        <div>12</div>
        <div>34</div>
    </div>
</div>
<div>56</div>

我想得到：

<div>
    <div>12</div>
    <div>34</div>
</div>

和56作为第二场比赛。

Answer 1

这是一个不使用递归的模式：

\w+\s*\((?P<parameters>(?:(?:(?:[^()]*\([^()]*\))+|[^()]*)(?:,(?!\s*\))|(?=\))))*)\)

注意事项：

不支持超过2级嵌套大括号。例如 a(b(c()))
包含(或)的字符串会将其绊倒。例如 a(")")

您将在组中找到名为“参数”的参数。

Demo.

说明：

\w+ # function name
\s* # white space
\(
(?P<parameters> # parameters:
    (?:
        # two possibilities:    1: a simple parameter, like "12", "'hello'", or "3*1+2"
        #                       2: the parameter contains braces.
        # we'll try to consume pairs of braces. If that fails, we'll simply match a parameter.
        (?:
            (?: # match a pair of braces ()
                [^()]*
                \(
                [^()]*
                \)
            )+ # consume as many pairs of braces as possible. Make sure there's at least one, though, because we can't go matching nothing.
        |
            [^()]* # since there are no more (pairs of) braces, simply consume the function's parameters.
        )

        # next, either consume a "," or assert there's a ")"
        (?:
            ,
            (?! # make sure there is another parameter after the comma
                \s*
                \)
            )
        |
            (?=
                \)
            )
        )
    )*
)
\)

P.S。：我还没有设法为HTML示例提供可接受的模式。

Answer 2

这会做一些递归。在全局查找功能中使用它。

 # '~(?is)(?:([a-z]\w*)\s*\(((?&core)|)\))(?(DEFINE)(?<core>(?>(?&content)|(?:[a-z]\w*\s*\(|\()(?:(?=.)(?&core)|)\))+)(?<content>(?>(?![a-z]\w*\s*\(|[()]).)+))~'

 (?xis-)
 (?:
      ( [a-z] \w* )         # (1), Start-Delimiter, Function
      \s* \(                   
      (                     # (2), CORE
           (?&core) 
        |  
      )
      \)                    # End-Delimiter, close paren
 )

 # ///////////////////////
 # // Subroutines
 # // ---------------

 (?(DEFINE)

      # core
      (?<core>
           (?>
                (?&content) 
             |  
                (?:                   # Start-Delimiter
                     [a-z] \w* \s* \(      # Function
                  |  \(                    # Or, a open paren
                )
                (?:
                     (?= . )
                     (?&core)              # Recurse core
                  |  
                )
                \)                    # End-Delimiter, close paren
           )+
      )

      # content 
      (?<content>
           (?>
                (?!
                     [a-z] \w* \s* \(
                  |  [()] 
                )
                . 
           )+
      )
 )

输出：

 **  Grp 0 -  ( pos 0 , len 29 ) 
example( other(1), 123, [25])  
 **  Grp 1 -  ( pos 0 , len 7 ) 
example  
 **  Grp 2 -  ( pos 8 , len 20 ) 
 other(1), 123, [25]  
 **  Grp 3 -  NULL 
 **  Grp 4 -  NULL 

-----------------------

 **  Grp 0 -  ( pos 30 , len 16 ) 
othermethod(456)  
 **  Grp 1 -  ( pos 30 , len 11 ) 
othermethod  
 **  Grp 2 -  ( pos 42 , len 3 ) 
456  
 **  Grp 3 -  NULL 
 **  Grp 4 -  NULL

对于html div -

 # '~(?s)(?:<div>((?&core)|)</div>)(?(DEFINE)(?<core>(?>(?&content)|<div>(?:(?=.)(?&core)|)</div>)+)(?<content>(?>(?!</?div>).)+))~'

 (?xs-)
 (?:
      <div>                 # Start-Delimiter <div>
      (                     # (1), CORE
           (?&core) 
        |  
      )
      </div>                # End-Delimiter </div>
 )

 # ///////////////////////
 # // Subroutines
 # // ---------------

 (?(DEFINE)

      # core
      (?<core>
           (?>
                (?&content) 
             |  
                <div>                 # Start-Delimiter <div>
                (?:
                     (?= . )
                     (?&core)              # Recurse core
                  |  
                )
                </div>                # End-Delimiter  </div>
           )+
      )

      # content 
      (?<content>
           (?>
                (?! </?div> )
                . 
           )+
      )
 )

输出：

 **  Grp 0 -  ( pos 0 , len 82 ) 
<div>
    <div>
        <div>12</div>
        <div>34</div>
    </div>
</div>  
 **  Grp 1 -  ( pos 5 , len 71 ) 

    <div>
        <div>12</div>
        <div>34</div>
    </div>

 **  Grp 2 -  NULL 
 **  Grp 3 -  NULL 

---------------------------

 **  Grp 0 -  ( pos 84 , len 13 ) 
<div>56</div>  
 **  Grp 1 -  ( pos 89 , len 2 ) 
56  
 **  Grp 2 -  NULL 
 **  Grp 3 -  NULL

如何匹配正则表达式中的主要子组？

2 个答案: