我有一个从Java服务器发送的公钥。在解码和去除ASN.1标头之前,base64编码的字符串匹配。我使用SecItemAdd
将公钥存储在钥匙串中。
因此,我尝试使用公钥加密数据,并使用Java中的私钥对其进行解密。我在iOS端使用SecKeyEncrypt
,在Java端使用Cipher
。
我加密的是加密我的实际数据的对称AES密钥,因此密钥长度为16个字节。当简单地对base64进行编码时,一切正常,所以我知道这个RSA加密有问题。
以下是我的iOS通话示例:
OSStatus sanityCheck = SecKeyEncrypt(publicKey,
kSecPaddingPKCS1,
(const uint8_t *) [incomingData bytes],
keyBufferSize,
cipherBuffer,
&cipherBufferSize
);
以下是我的Java调用示例:
public static byte[] decryptMessage (byte[] message, PrivateKey privateKey, String algorithm) {
if (message == null || privateKey == null) {
return null;
}
Cipher cipher = createCipher(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey, algorithm, false);
if (cipher == null) {
return null;
}
try {
return cipher.doFinal(message);
}
catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {
e.printStackTrace(); //To change body of catch statement use File | Settings | File Templates.
return null;
}
catch (BadPaddingException e) {
e.printStackTrace(); //To change body of catch statement use File | Settings | File Templates.
return null;
}
}
private static Cipher createCipher (int mode, Key encryptionKey, String algorithm, boolean useBouncyCastle) {
Cipher cipher;
try {
if (useBouncyCastle) {
Security.addProvider(new org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider());
cipher = Cipher.getInstance(algorithm, "BC");
}
else {
cipher = Cipher.getInstance(algorithm);
}
}
catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace(); //To change body of catch statement use File | Settings | File Templates.
return null;
}
catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {
e.printStackTrace(); //To change body of catch statement use File | Settings | File Templates.
return null;
}
catch (NoSuchProviderException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
try {
cipher.init(mode, encryptionKey);
}
catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
e.printStackTrace(); //To change body of catch statement use File | Settings | File Templates.
return null;
}
return cipher;
}
我尝试了很多组合,但没有任何效果。
org.bouncycastle.crypto.DataLengthException: input too large for RSA cipher.
)我也尝试过使用内部Java提供程序以及BouncyCastle提供程序。每次都会抛出javax.crypto.BadPaddingException
,但每个组合的消息都不同。有些显示Data must start with zero
,有些显示为Message is larger than modulus
。
iOS: PKCS1, Java: RSA
不会抛出异常,但生成的解密byte[]
数组的长度应为16,但长度为256,这意味着填充不是{&1;}正确地剥离了。
有人可以帮忙吗?
*** 编辑 ***
当我进行更多测试时,我遇到了此页面(http://javadoc.iaik.tugraz.at/iaik_jce/current/iaik/pkcs/pkcs1/RSACipher.html),它基本上告诉我RSA == RSA/None/PKCS1Padding
。解密工作的意义是没有例外,但我仍然得到一个解密密钥,其byte []长度为256而不是长度为16。
另一个兴趣点。似乎如果Java服务器具有从iOS设备生成并使用Cipher.getInstance("RSA")
加密的公钥,则手机能够使用RSA / PKCS1正确解码消息。
*** 编辑2 ***
我已经查看了这些教程并在iOS端再次查看了我的代码:
据我所知,我的代码正在做正确的事情。一个显着的区别在于我如何保存密钥,所以我尝试以另一种方式保存它:
OSStatus error = noErr;
CFTypeRef persistPeer = NULL;
NSMutableDictionary * keyAttr = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];
keyAttr[(__bridge id) kSecClass] = (__bridge id) kSecClassKey;
keyAttr[(__bridge id) kSecAttrKeyType] = (__bridge id) kSecAttrKeyTypeRSA;
keyAttr[(__bridge id) kSecAttrApplicationTag] = [secKeyWrapper getKeyTag:serverPublicKeyTag];
keyAttr[(__bridge id) kSecValueData] = strippedServerPublicKey;
keyAttr[(__bridge id) kSecReturnPersistentRef] = @YES;
error = SecItemAdd((__bridge CFDictionaryRef) keyAttr, (CFTypeRef *)&persistPeer);
if (persistPeer == nil || ( error != noErr && error != errSecDuplicateItem)) {
NSLog(@"Problem adding public key to keychain");
return;
}
CFRelease(persistPeer);
保存成功,但最终结果是相同的:解密的AES密钥仍然是256字节而不是16字节。
答案 0 :(得分:12)
我有同样的问题。与kSecPaddingNone
一起使用,但不与kSecPaddingPKCS1
一起使用Java代码中的任何PKCS1
组合。
但是,在没有填充的情况下使用它并不是一个好主意。
因此,在iOS上,将kSecPaddingNone
替换为kSecPaddingOAEP
,并在Java代码中使用RSA/NONE/OAEPWithSHA1AndMGF1Padding
。这对我有用。
答案 1 :(得分:6)
RSA/None/NoPadding
好的,所以我让它工作但没有PADDING 。这部分让我非常沮丧,我将其留给其他人试图帮助。也许我最终会在github上发布我的库,一个用于Obj-C,一个用于Java。这是我到目前为止所发现的。
TL; DR :使用最少的属性将密钥保存到钥匙串,以使检索更简单。使用SecKeyEncrypt
进行加密,但使用kSecPaddingNone
。使用BouncyCastle和算法RSA/None/NoPadding
解密Java端。
我想验证是否直接发送公钥,剥离ASN.1标头并保存实际上是在做它应该做的事情。所以我看着将公钥作为证书发送。我想赞扬 David Benko 提供了一个帮助我进行证书转换的加密库(https://github.com/DavidBenko/DBTransitEncryption)。我没有真正使用他的库,因为1.我已经使用RNCryptor
/ JNCryptor
进行AES加密,2。他没有Java端组件,所以我需要在那里编写自己的AES解密,但我并不想这样做。对于那些有兴趣并希望采用这种方法的人,我的代码是在Java端创建证书,然后将该证书转换为iOS上的公钥:
*重要说明:请使用真实的日志记录语句替换e.printStackTrace()
。我只在生产中使用它进行测试和 NOT 。
<强>爪哇强>:
public static X509Certificate generateCertificate (KeyPair newKeys) {
Security.addProvider(new BouncyCastleProvider());
Date startDate = new Date();
Date expiryDate = new DateTime().plusYears(100).toDate();
BigInteger serialNumber = new BigInteger(10, new Random());
try {
ContentSigner sigGen = new JcaContentSignerBuilder("SHA1withRSA").setProvider("BC").build(newKeys
.getPrivate());
SubjectPublicKeyInfo subjectPublicKeyInfo = new SubjectPublicKeyInfo(ASN1Sequence.getInstance(newKeys
.getPublic().getEncoded()
));
X500Name dnName = new X500Name("CN=FoodJudge API Certificate");
X509v1CertificateBuilder builder = new X509v1CertificateBuilder(dnName,
serialNumber,
startDate, expiryDate,
dnName,
subjectPublicKeyInfo);
X509CertificateHolder holder = builder.build(sigGen);
return new JcaX509CertificateConverter().setProvider("BC").getCertificate(holder);
}
catch (OperatorCreationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
catch (CertificateException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
<强>的OBJ-C 强>:
- (SecKeyRef)extractPublicKeyFromCertificate:(NSData *)certificateBytes {
if (certificateBytes == nil) {
return nil;
}
SecCertificateRef certificate = SecCertificateCreateWithData(kCFAllocatorDefault, ( __bridge CFDataRef) certificateBytes);
if (certificate == nil) {
NSLog(@"Can not read certificate from data");
return false;
}
SecTrustRef trust;
SecPolicyRef policy = SecPolicyCreateBasicX509();
OSStatus returnCode = SecTrustCreateWithCertificates(certificate, policy, &trust);
// release the certificate as we're done using it
CFRelease(certificate);
// release the policy
CFRelease(policy);
if (returnCode != errSecSuccess) {
NSLog(@"SecTrustCreateWithCertificates fail. Error Code: %d", (int)returnCode);
return nil;
}
SecTrustResultType trustResultType;
returnCode = SecTrustEvaluate(trust, &trustResultType);
if (returnCode != errSecSuccess) {
// TODO log
CFRelease(trust);
return nil;
}
SecKeyRef publicKey = SecTrustCopyPublicKey(trust);
CFRelease(trust);
if (publicKey == nil) {
NSLog(@"SecTrustCopyPublicKey fail");
return nil;
}
return publicKey;
}
请注意,您不需要将公钥作为证书发送,这一点非常重要。实际上,在发现公钥被错误保存后(见下文),我还原了这段代码并将公钥保存到我的设备中。您需要删除其中一篇博文中提到的ASN.1
标题。该代码在此处重新发布(为清晰起见而格式化)。
+ (NSData *)stripPublicKeyHeader:(NSData *)keyBits {
// Skip ASN.1 public key header
if (keyBits == nil) {
return nil;
}
unsigned int len = [keyBits length];
if (!len) {
return nil;
}
unsigned char *c_key = (unsigned char *)[keyBits bytes];
unsigned int idx = 0;
if (c_key[idx++] != 0x30) {
return nil;
}
if (c_key[idx] > 0x80) {
idx += c_key[idx] - 0x80 + 1;
}
else {
idx++;
}
if (idx >= len) {
return nil;
}
if (c_key[idx] != 0x30) {
return nil;
}
idx += 15;
if (idx >= len - 2) {
return nil;
}
if (c_key[idx++] != 0x03) {
return nil;
}
if (c_key[idx] > 0x80) {
idx += c_key[idx] - 0x80 + 1;
}
else {
idx++;
}
if (idx >= len) {
return nil;
}
if (c_key[idx++] != 0x00) {
return nil;
}
if (idx >= len) {
return nil;
}
// Now make a new NSData from this buffer
return([NSData dataWithBytes:&c_key[idx] length:len - idx]);
}
所以我会像这样保存密钥:
- (void)storeServerPublicKey:(NSString *)serverPublicKey {
if (!serverPublicKey) {
return;
}
SecKeyWrapper *secKeyWrapper = [SecKeyWrapper sharedWrapper];
NSData *decryptedServerPublicKey = [[NSData alloc] initWithBase64EncodedString:serverPublicKey options:0];
NSData *strippedServerPublicKey = [SecKeyWrapper stripPublicKeyHeader:decryptedServerPublicKey];
if (!strippedServerPublicKey) {
return;
}
[secKeyWrapper savePublicKeyToKeychain:strippedServerPublicKey tag:@"com.sampleapp.publickey"];
}
令人抓狂。事实证明,即使我将钥匙保存在钥匙链中,我检索的也不是我放入的钥匙!当我将保存的base64密钥与我用来加密AES密钥的base64密钥进行比较时,我意外地发现了这一点。所以我发现简化保存密钥时使用的NSDictionary会更好。这就是我最终得到的结果:
- (void)savePublicKeyToKeychain:(NSData *)key tag:(NSString *)tagString {
NSData *tag = [self getKeyTag:tagString];
NSDictionary *saveDict = @{
(__bridge id) kSecClass : (__bridge id) kSecClassKey,
(__bridge id) kSecAttrKeyType : (__bridge id) kSecAttrKeyTypeRSA,
(__bridge id) kSecAttrApplicationTag : tag,
(__bridge id) kSecAttrKeyClass : (__bridge id) kSecAttrKeyClassPublic,
(__bridge id) kSecValueData : key
};
[self saveKeyToKeychain:saveDict tag:tagString];
}
- (void)saveKeyToKeychain:(NSDictionary *)saveDict tag:(NSString *)tagString {
OSStatus sanityCheck = SecItemAdd((__bridge CFDictionaryRef) saveDict, NULL);
if (sanityCheck != errSecSuccess) {
if (sanityCheck == errSecDuplicateItem) {
// delete the duplicate and save again
sanityCheck = SecItemDelete((__bridge CFDictionaryRef) saveDict);
sanityCheck = SecItemAdd((__bridge CFDictionaryRef) saveDict, NULL);
}
if (sanityCheck != errSecSuccess) {
NSLog(@"Problem saving the key to keychain, OSStatus == %d.", (int) sanityCheck);
}
}
// remove from cache
[keyCache removeObjectForKey:tagString];
}
要检索我的密钥,我使用以下方法:
- (SecKeyRef)getKeyRef:(NSString *)tagString isPrivate:(BOOL)isPrivate {
NSData *tag = [self getKeyTag:tagString];
id keyClass = (__bridge id) kSecAttrKeyClassPublic;
if (isPrivate) {
keyClass = (__bridge id) kSecAttrKeyClassPrivate;
}
NSDictionary *queryDict = @{
(__bridge id) kSecClass : (__bridge id) kSecClassKey,
(__bridge id) kSecAttrKeyType : (__bridge id) kSecAttrKeyTypeRSA,
(__bridge id) kSecAttrApplicationTag : tag,
(__bridge id) kSecAttrKeyClass : keyClass,
(__bridge id) kSecReturnRef : (__bridge id) kCFBooleanTrue
};
return [self getKeyRef:queryDict tag:tagString];
}
- (SecKeyRef)getKeyRef:(NSDictionary *)query tag:(NSString *)tagString {
SecKeyRef keyReference = NULL;
OSStatus sanityCheck = SecItemCopyMatching((__bridge CFDictionaryRef) query, (CFTypeRef *) &keyReference);
if (sanityCheck != errSecSuccess) {
NSLog(@"Error trying to retrieve key from keychain. tag: %@. sanityCheck: %li", tagString, sanityCheck);
return nil;
}
return keyReference;
}
在一天结束时,我只能在没有填充的情况下使其工作。我不确定为什么BouncyCastle
无法移除填充,所以如果有人有任何见解,请告诉我。
这是我的加密代码(从 David Benko 修改):
- (NSData *)encryptData:(NSData *)content usingPublicKey:(NSString *)publicKeyTag {
SecKeyRef publicKey = [self getKeyRef:publicKeyTag isPrivate:NO];
NSData *keyBits = [self getKeyBitsFromKey:publicKey];
NSString *keyString = [keyBits base64EncodedStringWithOptions:0];
NSAssert(publicKey != nil,@"Public key can not be nil");
size_t cipherLen = SecKeyGetBlockSize(publicKey); // convert to byte
void *cipher = malloc(cipherLen);
size_t maxPlainLen = cipherLen - 12;
size_t plainLen = [content length];
if (plainLen > maxPlainLen) {
NSLog(@"content(%ld) is too long, must < %ld", plainLen, maxPlainLen);
return nil;
}
void *plain = malloc(plainLen);
[content getBytes:plain
length:plainLen];
OSStatus returnCode = SecKeyEncrypt(publicKey, kSecPaddingNone, plain,
plainLen, cipher, &cipherLen);
NSData *result = nil;
if (returnCode != errSecSuccess) {
NSLog(@"SecKeyEncrypt fail. Error Code: %d", (int)returnCode);
}
else {
result = [NSData dataWithBytes:cipher
length:cipherLen];
}
free(plain);
free(cipher);
return result;
}
以下是我在Java方面解密的方法:
private Response authenticate (String encryptedSymmetricString) {
byte[] encryptedSymmetricKey = Base64.decodeBase64(encryptedSymmetricKeyString);
String privateKey = Server.getServerPrivateKey();
byte[] decryptedSymmetricKey = KeyHandler.decryptMessage(encryptedSymmetricKey, privateKey,
KeyHandler.ASYMMETRIC_CIPHER_ALGORITHM);
}
public static byte[] decryptMessage (byte[] message, String privateKeyString, String algorithm) {
if (message == null || privateKeyString == null) {
return null;
}
PrivateKey privateKey = getPrivateKey(privateKeyString);
return decryptMessage(message, privateKey, algorithm);
}
public static byte[] decryptMessage (byte[] message, PrivateKey privateKey, String algorithm) {
if (message == null || privateKey == null) {
return null;
}
Cipher cipher = createCipher(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey, algorithm, true);
if (cipher == null) {
return null;
}
try {
return cipher.doFinal(message);
}
catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {
e.printStackTrace(); //To change body of catch statement use File | Settings | File Templates.
return null;
}
catch (BadPaddingException e) {
e.printStackTrace(); //To change body of catch statement use File | Settings | File Templates.
return null;
}
}