我正在尝试编写一个记录测试最后三次尝试（分数）的程序。用户可以随时重新参加测试，因此程序必须找到用户是否存在并附加用户的最新分数。如果用户不存在，则必须在用户首次尝试时记录用户名。我设法让程序/功能记录用户的第一个分数，但如果用户存在，我很难追加进一步的尝试。我也不知道如何阻止列表增长 - 它应该只记录最后三次尝试 - 进一步的尝试应该重写现有的。如果这是错误的，请原谅我的无知 - 我正在学习。
我需要输出看起来像:(经过3次尝试后，列表需要开始覆盖自己
佛瑞德，18,17,16
保罗，15,12,16
代码并不完全符合我的要求，但我得到的唯一错误是当用户已经存在时：scoresFile.write（line +“\ n”） ValueError：关闭文件的I / O操作
#add score
def main():
#ask for name and score
name = input("Please enter the name you wish to add")
score = input("Please enter the high score")
message=""
#open the highscores line and read in all the lines to a list called ScoresList. Then close the file.
scoresFile = open("highscores.txt","r")
ScoresList = scoresFile.readlines()
scoresFile.close()
#for each line in the ScoresList list
for i in range(0, len(ScoresList) ):
#check to see if the name is in the line
if name in ScoresList[i]:
#append the score to the end of the list
ScoresList[i] = (name + (str(score) + ","))
#write the scores back to the file. Overwrite with the new list
scoresFile = open("highscores.txt","w")
for line in ScoresList:
scoresFile.write(line + "\n")
scoresFile.close()
#no need to continue in the loop so break out.
#break
else:
# message as user does not exist
message = ""
#if message is still blank then it means that the name was not found. Open the
#file for appending and add the new name and score to the end.
if message=="":
message = "New score added."
scoresFile = open("highscores.txt","a")
scoresFile.write(name + str(score)+"\n")
scoresFile.close()
print(message)
main()
答案 0 :(得分：1)
针对您的问题的一个自我解释的解决方案：
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# name,score_1,score_2,score_3
# append score to a user
# |_ if user not exists: add user and new score
# |_ an user can't have more than 3 scores
SCORE_FILENAME = "highscores.txt"
MAX_SCORES = 3
def getName():
return raw_input("Please enter the name you wish to add: ").strip()
def getScore():
return raw_input("Please enter the high score: ").strip()
def log(*msg):
print "\t[LOG] " + " ".join([word for word in msg])
if __name__ == "__main__":
# Get new name and Score:
newName = getName()
newScore = getScore()
log("NewUser and NewScore = %s,%s" % (newName,newScore))
# open file and get actual scores:
log("Opening score file: %s" % SCORE_FILENAME)
try: scoresFile = open(SCORE_FILENAME, "r+")
except IOError: scoresFile = open(SCORE_FILENAME, "w+") # File not exists
actualScoresTable = []
for line in scoresFile:
tmp = line.strip().replace("\n","").split(",")
actualScoresTable.append({
"name": tmp[0],
"scores": tmp[1:],
})
scoresFile.close()
log("Actual score table: %s" % actualScoresTable)
# update scores or insert new record:
new = True
for index, record in enumerate( actualScoresTable ):
if record["name"] == newName:
# The user exists in scores table, check how many scores he has:
if len(record["scores"]) >= MAX_SCORES:
# Max. Scores permitted. What to do here?
log("Actual user '%s' already have %s scores '%s'. What we have to do now?" % (newName, MAX_SCORES, ",".join(record["scores"])))
else:
log("Add score '%s' to '%s' that now have [%s]" % (newScore,newName,",".join(record["scores"])))
actualScoresTable[index]["scores"].append(newScore)
new = False
break
if new:
log("User '%s' not exists in actual Scores Table. So append it." % newName)
actualScoresTable.append({
"name": newName,
"scores": [newScore],
})
# Save result to file and close it:
scoresFile = open(SCORE_FILENAME, "w+") # Truncating file (write all again)
for record in actualScoresTable:
scoresFile.write( "%s,%s\n" % (record["name"], ",".join(record["scores"])) )
log("Writing changes to file: %s" % actualScoresTable)
scoresFile.close()
注意：
with在打开的文件中操作，如果是记录更新，则直接写入 - 不截断文件，...）。由于你的昵称：“learningpython”;）编辑符合新要求：
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# name,score_1,score_2,score_3
# append score to a user
# |_ if user not exists: add user and new score
# |_ an user can't have more than 3 scores
SCORE_FILENAME = "highscores.txt"
MAX_SCORES = 3
def getName():
return raw_input("Please enter the name you wish to add: ").strip()
def getScore():
return raw_input("Please enter the high score: ").strip()
def log(*msg):
print "\t[LOG] " + " ".join([word for word in msg])
if __name__ == "__main__":
# Get new name and Score:
newName = getName()
newScore = getScore()
log("NewUser and NewScore = %s,%s" % (newName,newScore))
# open file and get actual scores:
log("Opening score file: %s" % SCORE_FILENAME)
try: scoresFile = open(SCORE_FILENAME, "r+")
except IOError: scoresFile = open(SCORE_FILENAME, "w+") # File not exists
actualScoresTable = []
for line in scoresFile:
tmp = line.strip().replace("\n","").split(",")
actualScoresTable.append({
"name": tmp[0],
"scores": tmp[1:],
})
scoresFile.close()
log("Actual score table: %s" % actualScoresTable)
# update scores or insert new record:
new = True
for index, record in enumerate( actualScoresTable ):
if record["name"] == newName:
# The user exists in scores table, append new score:
log("User '%s' exists in actual Scores Table. So append score '%s' to him." % (newName,newScore))
actualScoresTable[index]["scores"].append(newScore)
# if now we have more than 3 scores, we delete the first one (the oldest one):
if len(record["scores"]) > MAX_SCORES:
log("User '%s' reached max. scores record history, so append score '%s' to him, and delete the oldest: '%s'" % (newName,newScore,actualScoresTable[index]["scores"][0]))
actualScoresTable[index]["scores"].pop(0) # OR del actualScoresTable[index]["scores"][0]
new = False
break
if new:
log("User '%s' not exists in actual Scores Table. So append it." % newName)
actualScoresTable.append({
"name": newName,
"scores": [newScore],
})
# Save result to file and close it:
scoresFile = open(SCORE_FILENAME, "w+") # Truncating file (write all again)
for record in actualScoresTable:
scoresFile.write( "%s,%s\n" % (record["name"], ",".join(record["scores"])) )
log("Writing changes to file: %s" % actualScoresTable)
scoresFile.close()