我想在PowerShell中声明一些整数常量。
有没有好办法呢?
答案 0 :(得分:98)
使用
Set-Variable test -option Constant -value 100
或
Set-Variable test -option ReadOnly -value 100
“常量”和“只读”之间的区别在于可以通过
删除(然后重新创建)只读变量Remove-Variable test -Force
而无法删除常量变量(即使使用-Force)。
有关详细信息,请参阅this TechNet article。
答案 1 :(得分:13)
这是一个定义常量的解决方案:
const myConst = 42
的解决方案
function Set-Constant {
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Creates constants.
.DESCRIPTION
This function can help you to create constants so easy as it possible.
It works as keyword 'const' as such as in C#.
.EXAMPLE
PS C:\> Set-Constant a = 10
PS C:\> $a += 13
There is a integer constant declaration, so the second line return
error.
.EXAMPLE
PS C:\> const str = "this is a constant string"
You also can use word 'const' for constant declaration. There is a
string constant named '$str' in this example.
.LINK
Set-Variable
About_Functions_Advanced_Parameters
#>
[CmdletBinding()]
param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true, Position=0)]
[string][ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]$Name,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true, Position=1)]
[char][ValidateSet("=")]$Link,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true, Position=2)]
[object][ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]$Mean,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)]
[string]$Surround = "script"
)
Set-Variable -n $name -val $mean -opt Constant -s $surround
}
Set-Alias const Set-Constant
答案 2 :(得分:9)
将-option Constant
与Set-Variable
cmdlet一起使用:
Set-Variable myvar -option Constant -value 100
现在$myvar
的常量值为100,无法修改。
答案 3 :(得分:9)
要使用特定类型的值,例如Int64,您可以显式地转换set-variable中使用的值。
例如:
set-variable -name test -value ([int64]100) -option Constant
要检查,
$test | gm
你会发现它是一个Int64(而不是Int32,这对于值100来说是正常的。)
答案 4 :(得分:1)
我真的很喜欢rob's answer提供的语法糖:
const myConst = 42
不幸的是,当您将Set-Constant
放入模块时,他的解决方案无法按预期工作。从模块外部调用时,它将在定义了Set-Constant
的模块作用域中创建一个常量,而不是调用者作用域。这使得常量对于调用者是不可见的。
以下修改后的功能可解决此问题。该解决方案基于问题this answer的"Is there any way for a powershell module to get at its caller's scope?"。
function Set-Constant {
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Creates constants.
.DESCRIPTION
This function can help you to create constants so easy as it possible.
It works as keyword 'const' as such as in C#.
.EXAMPLE
PS C:\> Set-Constant a = 10
PS C:\> $a += 13
There is a integer constant declaration, so the second line return
error.
.EXAMPLE
PS C:\> const str = "this is a constant string"
You also can use word 'const' for constant declaration. There is a
string constant named '$str' in this example.
.LINK
Set-Variable
About_Functions_Advanced_Parameters
#>
[CmdletBinding()]
param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true, Position=0)] [string] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] $Name,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true, Position=1)] [char] [ValidateSet("=")] $Link,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true, Position=2)] [object] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] $Value
)
$var = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSVariable -ArgumentList @(
$Name, $Value, [System.Management.Automation.ScopedItemOptions]::Constant
)
$PSCmdlet.SessionState.PSVariable.Set( $var )
}
Set-Alias const Set-Constant
注释:
Set-Variable -scope 1
应该起作用)。-Mean
保持一致,我将参数-Value
重命名为Set-Variable
。Private
,ReadOnly
和AllScope
标志。只需将所需的值添加到PSVariable
constructor的第3个参数中即可,在上面的脚本中通过New-Object
调用了该参数。答案 5 :(得分:-3)
PowerShell v5.0应该允许
[静态] [int] $ variable = 42
[静态] [日期时间] $ thisday
之类的。