使用命令行查找数据文件的行数

时间:2014-09-26 19:21:30

标签: command-line fortran wc

有一种传统的方法可以逐个读取每一行,并在每次阅读时检查iostat是否为非零值或负值。但是,我想打电话给system(command)例程和 使用wc -l命令来计算数量,然后想要分配我想要放置数据的数组的维度。例如,我以两种方式打印行数:

Program Test_reading_lines
    integer:: count,ios, whatever
    character(LEN=100):: command

    Print*,'Reading number of lines in a standard way'

    count=0
    open (10, file='DATA_FILE')
     Do
           read (10,*,iostat=ios) whatever
           if (ios/=0) exit     
         count=count+1
      End Do
    close(10)


    Print*,'Number of lines =', count



    Print*,'Reading number of lines using shell command'

    command='cat DATA_FILE | wc -l'
    call system(command)

    Print*,'Number of lines =','< ? >' 


    End Program Test_reading_lines

不幸的是,在后一种情况下,我可以像标准情况一样分配像count这样的变量吗?也就是说,我想在最后一个打印命令中打印变量而不是'< ? >'

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

这是不可能的直接方式。您可以将命令的输出重定向到文件,然后将其打开并读取它http://compgroups.net/comp.lang.fortran/how-to-get-the-output-of-call-system-in-a-v/216294

或者使用Unix函数的一些更复杂的功能并调用它的C API(参见该线程中的第一个答案)。

EXECUTE_COMMAND_LINE()也没有任何功能可以直接读取命令的输出。

答案 1 :(得分:1)

如果要使用Unix命令$ wc -l,可以调用Fortran子例程execute_command_line,这是许多Fortran编译器所共有的,gfortran包含在内。

这是一个工作示例,它计算名为nlines的文件的行数style.gnuplot,然后使用nlines通过覆盖将某些行附加到style.gnuplot最后一个。

PROGRAM numLines

    IMPLICIT NONE
    integer, parameter :: n = 100
    integer :: i, nLines
    real, parameter :: x0 = -3.14, xEnd = 3.14
    real :: dx
    real, dimension (:), allocatable :: x, fun

    allocate(x(0:n)) ! Allocate the x array
    allocate(fun(0:n)) ! Allocate the fun array

    dx = abs(xEnd-x0)/n
    x(0:n) = [(x0+i*dx, i = 0,n)] ! Create the x array
    fun(0:n) = [(sin(x0+i*dx), i = 0,n)] ! Create the fun array

    open(unit=1,file="plotFunction.dat")
        DO i=0,size(x)-1
            write(1,*) x(i), ' ', fun(i) ! Save the function to a file to plot
        END DO
    close(unit=1)

    deallocate(x) ! Deallocate the x array
    deallocate(fun) ! Deallocate the fun array

    open(unit=7, file="style.gnuplot")
        write(7,*) "set title 'y = sin(x)' font 'times, 24'"
        write(7,*) "set tics font 'times, 20'"
        write(7,*) "set key font 'times,20'"
        write(7,*) "set grid"
        write(7,*) "set key spacing 1.5"
        write(7,*) "plot '<cat' u 1:2 w l lw 2  linecolor rgb 'orange' notitle "
    close(unit=7)

    CALL execute_command_line("wc -l style.gnuplot | cut -f1 -d' ' > nlines.file") ! COunt the lines

    open(unit=1,file='nlines.file')
        read(1,*) nlines ! Here the number of lines is saved to a variable
    close(unit=1)

    CALL execute_command_line("rm nlines.file") ! Remove nlines.file

    CALL execute_command_line("cat plotFunction.dat | gnuplot -p style.gnuplot") ! Show the plot within the executable

    open(unit=7,file="style.gnuplot")
        DO i = 1,nLines-1 
            read(7,*) ! Read the file untile the penultimate row,
        END DO        ! then append the other rows
        write(7,*) "set object rectangle at -3.14,0 size char 1, char 1", & 
                                                                    " fillcolor rgb 'blue' fillstyle solid border lt 2 lw 1.5"
        write(7,*) "set object rectangle at 0,0 size char 1, char 1", & 
                                                                    " fillcolor rgb 'blue' fillstyle solid border lt 2 lw 1.5"
        write(7,*) "set object rectangle at 3.14,0 size char 1, char 1", & 
                                                                    " fillcolor rgb 'blue' fillstyle solid border lt 2 lw 1.5"
        write(7,*) "plot 'plotFunction.dat' u 1:2 w l lw 2  linecolor rgb 'orange' notitle"
    close(unit=7)

    CALL execute_command_line("gnuplot -p 'style.gnuplot'") ! Load again style.gnulot with the appended lines

END PROGRAM numLines

我的代码可能不太优雅,但似乎有效!