我正在用Java创建一个IRC bot。我创建了一个名为＆＃34; loginHandler＆＃34;它要求用户输入登录信息，例如nick / pass / server /等......当用户完成时，＆＃34; Connect＆＃34;单击按钮，初始化IRC处理程序类bot。见代码：
package irc_bot;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
//more imports are here but they are irrelevant right now
public class loginHandler extends JFrame {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 6742568354533287421L;
private bot irc_bot;
private String username;
private String password;
private int[] ports={80,6667};
//.....
//gui vars
private final JTextField usernameInput;
private final JTextField passwordInput;
//......
public loginHandler(){
super("Login data");
Panel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
Panel.setLayout(new GridLayout(13, 1));
JLabel label = new JLabel("Hover over labels for information!!");
Panel.add(label);
label = new JLabel("Username: ");
label.setToolTipText("Type in your username!");
Panel.add(label);
usernameInput=new JTextField("");
usernameInput.setEditable(true);
Panel.add(usernameInput);
label = new JLabel("Password: ");
label.setToolTipText("Type in your password! Starts with 'oauth:'");
Panel.add(label);
passwordInput=new JPasswordField("");
passwordInput.setEditable(true);
Panel.add(passwordInput);
//.......
//the other textfields are here but they are irrelevant right now
//The important part:
JButton okButton=new JButton("Connect");
okButton.addActionListener(
new ActionListener(){
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event){
//set data method
setData();
dispose();
//bot object:
try {
irc_bot=new bot(username, password, master_channel, master_admin);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//initiate the bot:
try {
irc_bot.initiate(server, ports);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
);
add(okButton, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
add(new JScrollPane(Panel), BorderLayout.NORTH);
setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setSize(300,400);
setVisible(true);
}
private void setData(){
username=usernameInput.getText();
password=passwordInput.getText();
server=serverInput.getText();
master_channel=master_channelInput.getText();
master_admin=master_adminInput.getText();
port=portsInput.getText();
//set up the ports: TO-DO
}
}
我的问题是bot.initiate()方法阻止了bot对象的GUI。当未调用bot.initiate()时，GUI按预期工作。当bot.initiate()停止时，GUI将再次起作用。问题是initiate（）方法包含一个无限循环，它从irc服务器读取行（这是irc_bot.mainMethod()）。
GUI窗口显示，但它是空白的，它不响应我试图关闭它或其他任何东西。
该程序实际上没有冻结，我仍然可以通过irc与bot通信。
奇怪的是，如果我在main（）中启动bot对象，它可以按预期工作，则init（）方法不会阻止gui。
看看bot类（我只复制了相关部分）：
package irc_bot;
//import stuff
public class bot {
//gui vars
private JFrame mainWindow;
//.....
//irc variables
private String server;
//.....
//lists
private List<String> botadminlist;
//.......
//for communicating with IRC
private Socket socket;
private BufferedWriter writer;//write to IRC
//.....
pritate bot_msg_handler handler;
private String line;//the received line from the IRC server is stored in this
//-----methods-----
//constructor: does the basic setup
public bot(String nick, String password, String master_channel, String master_admin) throws Exception {
//gui stuff
mainWindow=new JFrame("irc_bot");
//setup the menu
menuBar = new JMenuBar();
//first menu
menu = new JMenu("Commands");
menu.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_C);
menuBar.add(menu);
//ide jön a menü kifejtése
menuItem = new JMenuItem("Show/Edit commands",
KeyEvent.VK_S);
//event handling
menuItem.addActionListener(
new ActionListener(){
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event){
showCommands();
}
}
);
menu.add(menuItem);
menuItem = new JMenuItem("Add command",
KeyEvent.VK_A);
//event handling
menuItem.addActionListener(
new ActionListener(){
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event){
addCommand();
}
}
);
menu.add(menuItem);
//more menus.......
//more GUI elements
//.......
//setup the window
mainWindow.add(bottomPanel,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
mainWindow.add(menuBar, BorderLayout.NORTH);
mainWindow.add(new JScrollPane(textBox), BorderLayout.CENTER);
mainWindow.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
mainWindow.setSize(800,600);
mainWindow.setVisible(true);
sendBotMsg=false;
//setup lists
modlist=new ArrayList<mod_element>();
//.....
//user settings
this.nick=nick;
this.password=password;
this.master_channel=master_channel;
this.master_admin=master_admin;
//create the message handler object
handler = new bot_msg_handler(this.nick, this.master_channel, this.master_admin, modlist,
botadminlist, stafflist, adminlist, active_channels, cooldown, commands);
handler.setTextBox(textBox);
textBox.append("Constructor setup complete\n");
}//constructor
//IRC SPECIFIC STUFF
public void initiate(String server, int... ports) throws Exception{
this.server=server;
if(connect(server, ports)==-1){
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "Bot couldn't connect to the server!");
mainWindow.dispose();
return;
}
if(logon()==-1){
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "Bot couldn't log in!");
mainWindow.dispose();
return;
}
join(master_channel);
mainMethod();
}
private int connect(String server, int... ports) throws Exception {
// Connect directly to the IRC server.
//this.server=server;
boolean connected=false;
for(int port:ports){
textBox.append("Trying to connect to "+server+" on port "+port+"...\n");
try{
socket = new Socket();
socket.setSoTimeout(1000);//if nothing happens in 1000 milliseconds, it is gonna advance in the code. IMPORTANT!
socket.connect(new InetSocketAddress(server, port), 2000);//2000 is the timeout value in milliseconds for the connection
textBox.append("Connected to "+server+":"+port+"\n");
connected=true;
this.port=port;
break;
}
catch(SocketTimeoutException e1){
textBox.append("Connection timed out\n");
}
}
if(connected){
writer = new BufferedWriter(
new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream( ), "UTF-8"));//utf-8 (international characters)
reader = new BufferedReader(
new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream( ), "UTF-8"));
handler.setWriter(writer);
return 1;//connection successful
}else{
textBox.append("Connection timed out, cannot connect to the IRC server\nApp will shut down now.\n");
return -1;//this means that the connection failed
}
}//connect
private int logon() throws Exception {//logs the bot in the irc
writer.write("PASS " + password + "\r\n");//twitch specific stuff
writer.write("NICK " + nick + "\r\n");
writer.flush( );
// Read lines from the server until it tells us we have connected.
String line = null;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
rawBox.append(line+"\n");
if (line.contains("004")) {
// We are now logged in.
textBox.append("The bot is successfully logged in\n------------------\n");
return 1;
}
else if (line.contains("Login unsuccessful")) {
textBox.append("Login was unsuccessful.\n");
return -1;
}
}
return -1;
}//logon
private void join(String channel) throws Exception {
// Join the channel. Only for initial use.
writer.write("JOIN " + channel + "\r\n");
writer.flush( );
writer.write("TWITCHCLIENT 3"+"\r\n");
writer.flush();
}//join
private void mainMethod() throws Exception{
// Keep reading lines from the server.
//-------MAIN PROCESS------
msgInput.setEditable(true);//the textbox is ready to be used
while (true){
try{
line = reader.readLine( );//waits for a line for 1000 millisecs
handler.setLine(line);
}catch(SocketTimeoutException e7){
//if there is no incoming line in a second, it's gonna create an exception
//we want nothing to do with the exception though
}
if(line!=null){
handler.set_msg_type(0);//default for each line
if (line.startsWith("PING ")) {
// We must respond to PINGs to avoid being disconnected.
handler.sendPONG();
}
//Print the raw line received by the bot to the rawBox
rawBox.append(line+"\n");
//analyze the line and gather information
handler.msgAnalyzer();
//message handling:
handler.msgHandler();
//update channellist and other lists
updateLists();
}//if
//other tasks
handler.otherTasks();
line=null;
//send the message
if(sendBotMsg){
handler.sendPRIVMSG(channelToSend, msgToSend);
sendBotMsg=false;
}
}//while
}//mainMethod
//Methods called from the gui are here, but they are irrelevant now
我尝试添加SwingWorker，因此启动内容会在后台运行，但它仍会冻结gui。
当我......
时，该程序按预期工作不要调用启动方法。我仍然在actionPerformed方法中创建对象，并且我得到一个正常运行的GUI。
请勿通过actionPerformed调用启动函数。
例如，当我这样做时，机器人按预期工作：
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String server="irc.twitch.tv";
int[] ports={80,6667};
String nick ="test";
String password = "test";
String master_channel = "#master";
String master_admin="master";
//bot object:
bot irc_bot=new bot(nick, password, master_channel, master_admin);//this is gonna be our irc_bot object
//initiate the bot:
irc_bot.initiate(server, ports);
}
我怀疑使用initiate（）运行的线程以某种方式阻止了GUI线程。我不明白的是为什么只有当我从动作监听器/窗口监听器/任何监听器调用所述方法时才会发生这种情况。关于如何解决这个问题的任何想法？
答案 0 :(得分：1)
按钮单击匿名类的actionPerformed（）方法在Swing线程上执行，因此当执行该块中的代码时，GUI不能执行任何其他操作。您需要在其他一些线程中执行initiate（）方法。
为了向自己证明这是这种情况，请使用这个（可怕的）代码：
new Thread(){
public void run() {
//initiate the bot:
try {
irc_bot.initiate(server, ports);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}}.start();
这应该可以实现你想要的，尽管代码很糟糕。然后，您需要弄清楚如何创建和管理该线程。您需要一种方法，从您的GUI发送信号到您希望它停止的后台线程，可能是通过中断它。
从main（）方法执行代码时没有遇到此问题的原因是您正在获取 free 的新线程。当您使用main（）启动应用程序时，您可以在bot上调用构造函数，这会产生UI。您的主要方法，在其主线程中然后开始执行bot的init（）方法并进入该循环，而Swing线程负责运行UI。
答案 1 :(得分：1)
对于按钮单击，在事件调度线程上调用actionPerformed，并且应尽可能快地从actionPerformed返回。使用invokeLater稍后进行长时间的工作。否则事件队列被阻止（单线程），并且GUI没有响应。
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event){
SwingUtilites.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
... the work
}
});
}
EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
... the work
});
第二种方法是使用invokeLater的替代类，并使用java 8的lambdas缩短代码。
答案 2 :(得分：1)
我尝试过添加SwingWorker，以便启动内容运行 背景，但它仍然冻结了gui。
您必须在SwingWorker上调用execute()，而不是run()方法（常见错误）。
像这样：
new SwingWorker<Void, Void> {
@Override
public Void doInBackground() {
irc_bot.initiate(server, ports);
return null;
}
}.execute();