Question

我试图通过使用Moq模拟数据来测试更新功能。我正在使用Entity Framework 6。

我可以打印出DbSet的计数，这是预期的金额。但是，当它尝试选择对象时，会抛出异常NullReferenceException: Object reference not set to an instance of an object.

这是我的测试类，用于设置模拟的DbSets和DbContext

[TestFixture]
public class ProductControllerTest
{
    private ProductController controller;
    private IProductRepository productRepo;
    private IUnitOfWork unitOfWork;
    private IBrandRepository brandRepo;
    private ICategoryRepository categoryRepo;
    private ISegmentRepository segmentRepo;
    private ITypeRepository typeRepo;
    private IEnumerable<Product> productList;

    [SetUp]
    public void Init()
    {
        IEnumerable<Brand> brandList = new List<Brand>{
            new Brand{
                Id = 1,
                Name = "Unknown"
            },
            new Brand{
                Id = 2,
                Name = "Clorox"
            },
            new Brand{
                Id = 3,
                Name = "Glad"
            }
        };
        var brandData = brandList.AsQueryable();

        productList = new List<Product>{
            new Product{
                Id = "0000000001",
                ParentAsin = "0000000010",
                Title = "Mocked Product #1",
                ReleaseDate = DateTime.Now,
                BrandId = 1,
                CategoryId = 1,
                SegmentId = 1,
                TypeId = 1,
                Brand = brandList.ElementAt(0)
            }, 
            new Product{
                Id = "0000000002",
                ParentAsin = "0000000010",
                Title = "Mocked Product #2",
                ReleaseDate = DateTime.Now,
                BrandId = 1,
                CategoryId = 1,
                SegmentId = 1,
                TypeId = 1,
                Brand = brandList.ElementAt(0)
            },
            new Product{
                Id = "0000000003",
                ParentAsin = "0000000010",
                Title = "Mocked Product #3",
                ReleaseDate = DateTime.Now,
                BrandId = 2,
                CategoryId = 3,
                SegmentId = 3,
                TypeId = 2,
                Brand = brandList.ElementAt(1)
            }
        };
        var productData = productList.AsQueryable();

        brandList.ElementAt(1).Products.Add(productList.ElementAt<Product>(2));

        var mockProductSet = new Mock<DbSet<Product>>();
        mockProductSet.As<IQueryable<Product>>().Setup(m => m.Provider).Returns(productData.Provider);
        mockProductSet.As<IQueryable<Product>>().Setup(m => m.Expression).Returns(productData.Expression);
        mockProductSet.As<IQueryable<Product>>().Setup(m => m.ElementType).Returns(productData.ElementType);
        mockProductSet.As<IQueryable<Product>>().Setup(m => m.GetEnumerator()).Returns(productData.GetEnumerator());

        var mockBrandSet = new Mock<DbSet<Brand>>();
        mockBrandSet.As<IQueryable<Brand>>().Setup(m => m.Provider).Returns(brandData.Provider);
        mockBrandSet.As<IQueryable<Brand>>().Setup(m => m.Expression).Returns(brandData.Expression);
        mockBrandSet.As<IQueryable<Brand>>().Setup(m => m.ElementType).Returns(brandData.ElementType);
        mockBrandSet.As<IQueryable<Brand>>().Setup(m => m.GetEnumerator()).Returns(brandData.GetEnumerator());

        var mockContext = new Mock<ApplicationDbContext>() { CallBase = true };
        mockContext.Setup(m => m.Set<Product>()).Returns(mockProductSet.Object);
        mockContext.Setup(m => m.Set<Brand>()).Returns(mockBrandSet.Object);

        unitOfWork = new UnitOfWork(mockContext.Object);
        brandRepo = new BrandRepository(mockContext.Object);
        productRepo = new ProductRepository(mockContext.Object);
        controller = new ProductController(productRepo, unitOfWork, brandRepo, categoryRepo, segmentRepo, typeRepo);
    }

    [Test]
    public void TestReturnEditedModel()
    {
        Product product = productList.ElementAt<Product>(1);
        product.BrandId = 3;
        product.CategoryId = 2;
        product.SegmentId = 2;
        product.TypeId = 3;

        controller.Edit(product, "Return value");

        Product result = productRepo.Get(product.Id);
        Assert.AreEqual(product.Id, result.Id);
        Assert.AreEqual(3, result.BrandId);
        Assert.AreEqual(2, result.CategoryId);
        Assert.AreEqual(2, result.SegmentId);
        Assert.AreEqual(3, result.TypeId);
    }
}

我只提供了失败的测试。

这是被称为

的控制器功能

[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Edit([Bind(Include = "Id,Title,ParentAsin,ReleaseDate,BrandId,CategoryId,SegmentId,TypeId")]Product model, string returnAction)
{
    if(!ModelState.IsValid)
    {
        Dictionary<string, int> selectedIds = new Dictionary<string, int>();
        selectedIds.Add("BrandId", model.BrandId);
        selectedIds.Add("CategoryId", model.CategoryId);
        selectedIds.Add("SegmentId", model.SegmentId);
        selectedIds.Add("TypeId", model.TypeId);
        PopulateAllDropDownLists(selectedIds);
        return View(model);
    }

    model.Brand = _brandRepo.Get(model.BrandId);
    model.Category = _categoryRepo.Get(model.CategoryId);
    model.Segment = _segmentRepo.Get(model.SegmentId);
    model.Type = _typeRepo.Get(model.TypeId);
    _repository.Update(model);
    _unitOfWork.SaveChanges();
    return RedirectToAction(returnAction);
}

_brandRepo的类型为IBrandRepository，在所有实现和继承之后，函数Get()位于Generic存储库类中。

这是正在调用的Get函数。

public virtual TEntity Get(TId id)
{
    return this.DbSet.Single(x => (object)x.Id == (object)id);
}

返回行是抛出错误的原因。

由于这是一个测试而且我在嘲笑数据，我知道传入的ID是正确的。它以int开始，Id的{{1}}也是Brand，但要使其成为通用属性，属性类型为int，所有模型都实现的接口TId的泛型类型。

这是TEntity

TEntity

我不确定这是一个模拟问题还是使用泛型类型的问题。有人可以帮忙吗。

Answer 1

这看起来很复杂，你可以使用泛型方法为任何DbSet创建一个模拟...

public static class DbSetMock
{
    public static Mock<DbSet<T>> CreateFrom<T>(List<T> list) where T : class
    {
        var internalQueryable = list.AsQueryable();
        var mock = new Mock<DbSet<T>>();
        mock.As<IQueryable<T>>().Setup(x => x.Provider).Returns(internalQueryable.Provider);
        mock.As<IQueryable<T>>().Setup(x => x.Expression).Returns(internalQueryable.Expression);
        mock.As<IQueryable<T>>().Setup(x => x.ElementType).Returns(internalQueryable.ElementType);
        mock.As<IQueryable<T>>().Setup(x => x.GetEnumerator()).Returns(()=> internalQueryable.GetEnumerator());
        mock.As<IDbSet<T>>().Setup(x => x.Add(It.IsAny<T>())).Callback<T>(element => list.Add(element));
        mock.As<IDbSet<T>>().Setup(x => x.Remove(It.IsAny<T>())).Callback<T>(element => list.Remove(element));
        return mock;
    }
}

然后你就可以使用它：

 var mockBrandSet = DbSetMock.CreateFrom(brandList);

由于列表内部的数据与DbSet相同，因此您可以检查列表以断言操作。

Answer 2

如果您尝试通过其属性访问DbSets，而不是通过Set<>，那么如果未设置则会导致该问题。尽管在原始示例中调用base是正确的，但DbContext会在内部尝试发现DbSets并初始化它们，这些模拟DbContext时会失败。这是他们必须在模拟中设置以覆盖默认行为。

var mockContext = new Mock<ApplicationDbContext>();
mockContext.Setup(m => m.Set<Product>()).Returns(mockProductSet.Object);
mockContext.Setup(m => m.Set<Brand>()).Returns(mockBrandSet.Object);
mockContext.Setup(m => m.Products).Returns(mockProductSet.Object);
mockContext.Setup(m => m.Brands).Returns(mockBrandSet.Object);

同样在设置GetEnumerator()时，使用一个功能允许多次通话

例如

mockProductSet.As<IQueryable<Product>>()
    .Setup(m => m.GetEnumerator())
    .Returns(() => productData.GetEnumerator());

模拟DbSet不返回对象

2 个答案: