Question

我正在使用Python imaplib和电子邮件模块从smtp中获取电子邮件列表，然后再对它们执行某些操作。这是我用来抓取和解码电子邮件的片段：

import imaplib
import email

# Connect to server
box = imaplib.IMAP4(CSMTP_SERVER)
box.login(CSMTP_USERNAME, CSMTP_PASSWORD)

# List inbox
box.select('INBOX')

# Retrieve email list ID's matching search patterns
# Return from search is this:
# ('OK', ['1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14'])
data = box.search(None, 'ALL')[1]
for num in data[0].split():

# Retrieve message headers and body
headers = email.message_from_string(box.fetch(num, '(RFC822)')[1][0][1])
body = headers.get_payload()
if not isinstance(body, str):
    body = headers.get_payload()[0].get_payload()

print headers, body

当从Hotmail或Gmail发送电子邮件时，这就像魅力一样，但每当发送电子邮件时，例如，从Android默认邮件APP发送邮件时，邮件将如下所示：

=?utf-8?B?RndkOiBDYXBzaGFyZTogaW1wb3J0aW5nIGZyb20gUGhvdG9z?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=

当我收到此消息时，我正在从我的移动设备发送电子邮件。我怀疑这有什么可做的，更像是一些电子邮件不能正确构建基于RFC822的电子邮件标题，但我需要以某种方式解决这个问题并能够检索每封电子邮件。

我很欣赏有关如何处理此问题的一些提示。提前谢谢。

Answer 1

这是MIME消息 - 它未在RFC822上指定，而是在较新的2045-2047上指定。

绝大多数现代电子邮件都以某种方式使用MIME，所以你绝对应该支持它。

与此消息特别相关的是RFC2047，它指定Encoded-Word。有good overview on wikipedia，我将部分转录：

表单是：＆＃34; =？charset？编码？编码文本？=＆＃34;。

编码可以是＆＃34; Q＆＃34;表示与引用的可打印编码类似的Q编码，或者＆＃34; B＆＃34;表示base64编码。

因此，对于此特定邮件，您有一个Base64编码（B）utf-8编码文本。实际消息在B?之后开始，不在第二行。

这里有一些简单的python代码来处理所有这些：

if body.startswith("=?"):
    i1= body.index("?")
    i2= body.index("?", i1+1)
    i3= i2+2
    encoding= body[i1+1:i2]
    assert body[i2:i3]=="?B" #don't handle Q format, it's not commonly used
    body= base64.b64decode(body[i3+1:]).decode(encoding)

Answer 2

奇怪的编码是base64

>>> import base64
>>> base64.decodestring('RndkOiBDYXBzaGFyZTogaW1wb3J0aW5nIGZyb20gUGhvdG9z?').decode('utf8')
u'Fwd: Capshare: importing from Photos'
>>> base64.decodestring('''U2VudCBmcm9tIG15IEhUQwoKLS0tLS0gRm9yd2FyZGVkIG1lc3NhZ2UgLS0tLS0KRnJvbTogIkFs
... ZXhhbmRlciBBdnRhbnNraSIgPGFsZXhAYXZ0YW5za2kuY29tPgpUbzogIlBlam1hbiBNYWtoZmki
... IDxwakBtYWtoZmkuY29tPgpTdWJqZWN0OiBDYXBzaGFyZTogaW1wb3J0aW5nIGZyb20gUGhvdG9z
... CkRhdGU6IFdlZCwgU2VwIDEwLCAyMDE0IDk6MDYgUE0KCkhpIFBlam1hbiwKCkkgd2FzIHBsYXlp
... bmcgd2l0aCBDYXBzaGFyZSB0b2RheSBhbmQgZm91bmQgc29tZXRoaW5nIG1pc3NpbmcuIEkgZ3Vl
... c3MgeW91CmhhdmUgcGxhbnMgZm9yIGl0LCBidXQgaXQgZG9lc24ndCBodXJ0IHRvIG1lbnRpb24g
... aXQsIGp1c3Qgb24gY2FzZS4uLgoKV2hlbiBpbXBvcnRpbmcgcGhvdG9zLCBJIGhhdmUgdGhlIG9w
... dGlvbiB0byBlaXRoZXIgZ2V0IG9uZSBvZiB0aGUgaW1hZ2VzCnRoYXQgYXJlIGRvd25sb2FkZWQg
... b24gbXkgcGhvbmUsIG9yIHRvIHRha2UgYSBuZXcgcGljdHVyZS92aWRlby4gV2hhdCdzCm1pc3Np
... bmcgaXMgYWJpbGl0eSB0byBnZXQgcGhvdG9zIGZyb20gbXkgYWxidW1zIG9yIGJhY2tlZC11cCBw
... aG90b3MgdGhhdAphcmUgbm90IHBoeXNpY2FsbHkgc3RvcmVkIG9uIHRoZSBkZXZpY2UgLSBmb3Ig
... ZXhhbXBsZSB0aG9zZSBvbiBHb29nbGUKZHJpdmUuIE1vcbmQgYWxsCnBpY3R1cmVzIGFyZSBlcXVh
... bGx5IGFjY2Vzc2libGUgKG9yIG1heWJlIHRoaXMgYXBwbGllcyBvbmx5IHRvIEdvb2dsZQphcHBz
... PykuCgpOb3QgaW1wb3J0YW50LCBubyBpZGVhIGlmIGl0IGlzIGp1c3QgYSBsaW5lIG9yIHR3byBm
... aXggb3Igc29tZXRoaW5nIG1vcmUKY29tcGxpY2F0ZWQuCgpUYWtlIGNhcmUsCgotIEFsZXgsIGJl
... dGEgdGVzdGVyLCBRQSB2b2x1bnRlZXIsIGFuZCBzZW5pb3IgcGVza3kgc3RpY2tsZXI=''').decode('utf8')
u'Sent from my HTC\n\n----- Forwarded message -----\n....

从移动设备发送的电子邮件使用电子邮件库进行奇怪的解码

2 个答案: