我有一个XML文件存储为DOM文档,我想将它打印到控制台,最好不使用外部库。 我知道这个问题在本网站上被多次询问,但以前的答案都没有对我有用。我使用的是java 8,所以也许这就是我的代码与以前的问题不同的地方?我还尝试使用从网络上找到的代码手动设置变换器,但这只会导致not found
错误。
这是我的代码,它当前只是在控制台左侧的新行上输出每个xml元素。
import java.io.*;
import javax.xml.parsers.*;
import javax.xml.transform.*;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
public class Test {
public Test(){
try {
//java.lang.System.setProperty("javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory", "org.apache.xalan.xsltc.trax.TransformerFactoryImpl");
DocumentBuilderFactory dbFactory;
DocumentBuilder dBuilder;
Document original = null;
try {
dbFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
dBuilder = dbFactory.newDocumentBuilder();
original = dBuilder.parse(new InputSource(new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream("xml Store - Copy.xml"))));
} catch (SAXException | IOException | ParserConfigurationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
StringWriter stringWriter = new StringWriter();
StreamResult xmlOutput = new StreamResult(stringWriter);
TransformerFactory tf = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
//tf.setAttribute("indent-number", 2);
Transformer transformer = tf.newTransformer();
transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.METHOD, "xml");
transformer.setOutputProperty("{http://xml.apache.org/xslt}indent-amount", "4");
transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.OMIT_XML_DECLARATION, "no");
transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");
transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "UTF-8");
transformer.transform(new DOMSource(original), xmlOutput);
java.lang.System.out.println(xmlOutput.getWriter().toString());
} catch (Exception ex) {
throw new RuntimeException("Error converting to String", ex);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args){
new Test();
}
}
答案 0 :(得分:42)
在回复Espinosa的评论时,这是一个解决方案,当" 原始xml尚未(部分)缩进或包含新行"。
<强>背景强>
摘自文章(参见下面的参考文献),启发此解决方案:
根据DOM规范,标记之外的空格是完全有效的,并且它们被正确保留。要删除它们,我们可以使用XPath的规范化空间来定位所有空白节点并首先将其删除。
Java代码
public static String toPrettyString(String xml, int indent) {
try {
// Turn xml string into a document
Document document = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance()
.newDocumentBuilder()
.parse(new InputSource(new ByteArrayInputStream(xml.getBytes("utf-8"))));
// Remove whitespaces outside tags
document.normalize();
XPath xPath = XPathFactory.newInstance().newXPath();
NodeList nodeList = (NodeList) xPath.evaluate("//text()[normalize-space()='']",
document,
XPathConstants.NODESET);
for (int i = 0; i < nodeList.getLength(); ++i) {
Node node = nodeList.item(i);
node.getParentNode().removeChild(node);
}
// Setup pretty print options
TransformerFactory transformerFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
transformerFactory.setAttribute("indent-number", indent);
Transformer transformer = transformerFactory.newTransformer();
transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "UTF-8");
transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.OMIT_XML_DECLARATION, "yes");
transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");
// Return pretty print xml string
StringWriter stringWriter = new StringWriter();
transformer.transform(new DOMSource(document), new StreamResult(stringWriter));
return stringWriter.toString();
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
示例用法
String xml = "<root>" + //
"\n " + //
"\n<name>Coco Puff</name>" + //
"\n <total>10</total> </root>";
System.out.println(toPrettyString(xml, 4));
<强>输出强>
<root>
<name>Coco Puff</name>
<total>10</total>
</root>
<强>参考强>
答案 1 :(得分:9)
我猜这个问题与原始文件中的空白文本节点(即只有空格的文本节点)有关。您应该尝试使用以下代码在解析后立即以编程方式删除它们。如果您不删除它们,Transformer
将保留它们。
original.getDocumentElement().normalize();
XPathExpression xpath = XPathFactory.newInstance().newXPath().compile("//text()[normalize-space(.) = '']");
NodeList blankTextNodes = (NodeList) xpath.evaluate(original, XPathConstants.NODESET);
for (int i = 0; i < blankTextNodes.getLength(); i++) {
blankTextNodes.item(i).getParentNode().removeChild(blankTextNodes.item(i));
}
答案 2 :(得分:3)
这适用于Java 8:
public static void main (String[] args) throws Exception {
String xmlString = "<hello><from>ME</from></hello>";
DocumentBuilderFactory documentBuilderFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder documentBuilder = documentBuilderFactory.newDocumentBuilder();
Document document = documentBuilder.parse(new InputSource(new StringReader(xmlString)));
pretty(document, System.out, 2);
}
private static void pretty(Document document, OutputStream outputStream, int indent) throws Exception {
TransformerFactory transformerFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
Transformer transformer = transformerFactory.newTransformer();
transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "UTF-8");
if (indent > 0) {
transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");
transformer.setOutputProperty("{http://xml.apache.org/xslt}indent-amount", Integer.toString(indent));
}
Result result = new StreamResult(outputStream);
Source source = new DOMSource(document);
transformer.transform(source, result);
}
答案 3 :(得分:2)
我写了一个simple class用于删除文档中的空格 - 支持命令行,不使用DOM / XPath。
编辑:想想看,该项目还包含一个处理现有空白的漂亮打印机:
PrettyPrinter prettyPrinter = PrettyPrinterBuilder.newPrettyPrinter().ignoreWhitespace().build();
答案 4 :(得分:0)
我不喜欢任何常见的XML格式化解决方案,因为它们都删除了超过1个连续的新行字符(出于某种原因,删除空格/制表符和删除新行字符是不可分割的......)。这是我的解决方案,它实际上是为XHTML制作的,但也应该用XML来完成:
public String GenerateTabs(int tabLevel) {
char[] tabs = new char[tabLevel * 2];
Arrays.fill(tabs, ' ');
//Or:
//char[] tabs = new char[tabLevel];
//Arrays.fill(tabs, '\t');
return new String(tabs);
}
public String FormatXHTMLCode(String code) {
// Split on new lines.
String[] splitLines = code.split("\\n", 0);
int tabLevel = 0;
// Go through each line.
for (int lineNum = 0; lineNum < splitLines.length; ++lineNum) {
String currentLine = splitLines[lineNum];
if (currentLine.trim().isEmpty()) {
splitLines[lineNum] = "";
} else if (currentLine.matches(".*<[^/!][^<>]+?(?<!/)>?")) {
splitLines[lineNum] = GenerateTabs(tabLevel) + splitLines[lineNum];
++tabLevel;
} else if (currentLine.matches(".*</[^<>]+?>")) {
--tabLevel;
if (tabLevel < 0) {
tabLevel = 0;
}
splitLines[lineNum] = GenerateTabs(tabLevel) + splitLines[lineNum];
} else if (currentLine.matches("[^<>]*?/>")) {
splitLines[lineNum] = GenerateTabs(tabLevel) + splitLines[lineNum];
--tabLevel;
if (tabLevel < 0) {
tabLevel = 0;
}
} else {
splitLines[lineNum] = GenerateTabs(tabLevel) + splitLines[lineNum];
}
}
return String.join("\n", splitLines);
}
它使一个假设:没有&lt;&gt;除了那些包含XML / XHTML标记的字符。
答案 5 :(得分:0)
Underscore-java具有静态方法U.formatXml(string)。我是该项目的维护者。 Live example
import com.github.underscore.lodash.U;
public class MyClass {
public static void main(String args[]) {
String xml = "<root>" + //
"\n " + //
"\n<name>Coco Puff</name>" + //
"\n <total>10</total> </root>";
System.out.println(U.formatXml(xml));
}
}
输出:
<root>
<name>Coco Puff</name>
<total>10</total>
</root>
答案 6 :(得分:-3)
创建xml文件:
new FileInputStream("xml Store - Copy.xml") ;// result xml file format incorrect !
这样,在将给定输入源的内容解析为XML文档时 并返回一个新的DOM对象。
Document original = null;
...
original.parse("data.xml");//input source as an XML document