我对Django有些新意，并且一直在尝试编写自定义管理命令，以便将txt文件中的数据导入我的数据库。我似乎在运行命令时遇到了很多麻烦，我无法弄清楚出了什么问题。我有两个不同的问题，但也许它们是相关的。当我尝试运行该命令时，我收到此错误：
joshs-mbp-4:Commands Josh P$ python vatsim_pull.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "vatsim_pull.py", line 10, in <module>
from flights.models import (Personal, ActiveFlights, Flights, ActiveControllers, Controllers, Airports)
ImportError: No module named flights.models
我的应用程序只在我的基础项目目录中，但是我在设置中做错了，这是我的settings.py：
from sys import path
# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
import os
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))
path.append(BASE_DIR)
TEMPLATE_DIRS = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static"),
'/var/www/static/',
)
# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.6/howto/deployment/checklist/
# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True
TEMPLATE_DEBUG = True
ALLOWED_HOSTS = []
# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = (
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'django.contrib.humanize',
'Users',
'registration',
'flights',
)
MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
)
ROOT_URLCONF = 'mysite.urls'
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'mysite.wsgi.application'
# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.6/ref/settings/#databases
# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.6/topics/i18n/
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
TIME_ZONE = 'America/New_York'
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = True
TEMPLATE_LOADERS = (
'django.template.loaders.filesystem.Loader',
'django.template.loaders.app_directories.Loader')
STATICFILES_FINDERS = ("django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.FileSystemFinder",
"django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.AppDirectoriesFinder")
# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.6/howto/static-files/
AUTH_PROFILE_MODULE = 'Users.UserProfile'
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
我遇到的另一个问题是，如果我评论导入模型行，我会收到有关配置设置的错误消息
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Requested setting DEFAULT_INDEX_TABLESPACE, but settings are not configured. You must either define the environment variable DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE or call settings.configure() before accessing settings.
除了我尝试在命令行中运行此脚本之外，其他任何时间都没有发生过。
我在manage.py中有这个：
import os
import sys
if __name__ == "__main__":
os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "mysite.settings")
from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
这是实际的命令（对不起，如果这是太多的代码，我是新的使用堆栈溢出）。我认为运行settings.configure（）会这样做，但我没有运气：
import csv
import requests
import datetime
import math
import sys
from django.conf import settings
from django.core.management.base import NoArgsCommand, CommandError
from datetime import timedelta
from django.utils.timezone import utc
from flights.models import (Personal, ActiveFlights, Flights, ActiveControllers, Controllers, Airports)
from decimal import Decimal
from django.db.models import F
django.conf.settings.configure()
class Command(NoArgsCommand):
help = "Scrapes flight info from Vatsim"
def unicode_csv_reader(unicode_csv_data, dialect=csv.excel, **kwargs):
# csv.py doesn't do Unicode; encode temporarily as UTF-8:
csv_reader = csv.reader(utf_8_encoder(unicode_csv_data),
dialect=dialect, **kwargs)
for row in csv_reader:
#decode UTF-8 back to Unicode, cell by cell:
yield [unicode(cell, 'utf-8') for cell in row]
def utf_8_encoder(unicode_csv_data):
for line in unicode_csv_data:
yield line.encode('utf-8')
def getNmFromLatLon(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2):
R = 3443.89849 # km
theta1 = math.radians(lat1)
theta2 = math.radians(lat2)
dtheta = math.radians(lat2-lat1)
dlon = math.radians(lon2-lon1)
a = math.sin(dtheta/2) * math.sin(detheta/2) + math.cos(theta1) * math.cos(theta2) * math.sin(dlon/2) * math.sin(dlon/2)
c = 2 * math.atan2(math.sqrt(a), math.sqrt(1-a))
d = R * c
return round(d)
def pilotInsert(row):
call_sign = row[0]
pilotId = row[1]
user_rating = int(row[16])
if (user_rating == 0):
user_rating = 'Not Rated'
elif (user_rating == 1):
user_rating = 'VATSIM Online Pilot'
elif (user_rating == 2):
user_rating = 'VATSIM Airmanship Basics'
elif (user_rating == 3):
user_rating = 'VATSIM VFR Pilot'
elif (user_rating == 4):
user_rating = 'VATSIM IFR Pilot'
elif (user_rating == 5):
user_rating = 'VATSIM Advanced IFR Pilot'
elif (user_rating == 6):
user_rating = 'VATSIM International and Oceanic Pilot'
elif (user_rating == 7):
user_rating = 'Helicopter VFR and IFR Pilot'
elif (user_rating == 8):
user_rating = 'Military Special Operations Pilot'
elif (user_rating == 9):
user_rating = 'VATSIM Pilot Flight Instructor'
real_name = row[2]
date_time = updateTime
flight_date = updateTime[0:11]
client_type = "Pilot"
alt = row[7]
lon = Decimal(row[6])
lat = Decimal(row[5])
serv = row[14]
ground_speed = int(row[8])
transpond = int(row[17])
flight_heading = int(row[37])
aircraft = row[9]
tascruise = int(row[10])
depairport = row[11]
altitude = int(row[12])
destairport = row[13]
deptime = row[21][0:2] + ":" + row[21][2:4]
actdeptime = row[22][0:2] + ":" + row[22][2:4]
altairport = row[27]
flight_remarks= row[28]
flight_route = row[29]
Route_String = lat + "," + lon + ";"
flight_duration = datetime.datetime.utcnow() - actdeptime
flightStatus = ""
#Deal with Personal Table
#
#
if (Personal.objects.filter(cid=pilotId).exists() == False):
newPersonal = Personal(cid = pilotId, realname = real_name, pilot_rating = user_rating)
newPersonal.save()
else:
personal = Personal.objects.get(cid=pilotId)
if (personal.pilot_rating != user_rating):
personal.pilot_rating = user_rating
#Deal with Flights Table
#
#
if (Flights.objects.filter(date = flight_date, callsign = call_sign, cid = cid).exists() == False):
origAirport = Airports.objects.get(icao=depairport)
origLat = origAirport.lat
origLon = origAirport.lon
dist = getNmFromLatLon (lat, lon, origLat, origLon)
newFlight = Flights(date = flight_date, callsign = call_sign, cid = pilotId, planned_aircraft = aircraft, planned_tascruise = tascruise, planned_depairport = depairport, planned_altitude = altitude, planned_destairport = destairport, planned_deptime = deptime, planned_actdepttime = actdeptime, plannedaltairport = altairport, planned_remarks = remarks, planned_route = flight_route, time_logon = timelogon, RouteString = Route_String, duration=flight_duration, total_distance = distance)
newFlight.save()
else:
flight = Flights.objects.get(date = flight_date, callsign = call_sign, cid = cid)
#Get last lat/lon
colonCount = 0
colon1 = 0
colon2 = 0
comma = 0
for i in range(len(flight.RouteString), 0, -1):
if ((flight.RouteString[i] == ";") and (colonCount == 0)):
colon1 = i
colonCount +=1
elif ((flight.RouteString[i] == ",") and (colonCount == 1)):
comma = i
elif ((flight.RouteString[i] == ";") and (colonCount == 1)):
colon2 = i
prevLat = flight.RouteString[colon2+1:comma]
prevLon = flight.RouteString[comma+1:colon1]
#Update Total Distance
flight.RouteString = F('total_distance') + getNmFromLatLon(lat, lon, prevLat, prevLon)
#Update Route String
flight.RouteString = F('RouteString') + Route_String
if ((flight.outRamp == Null) and (ground_speed < 50) and (datetime.datetime.utcnow() > actdeptime)):
flight.outRamp = updateTime
flightStatus = "On The Ground"
if ((flight.offGround == Null) and (ground_speed > 50)):
flight.offGround = updateTime
flightStatus = "Airborne"
#Get Destination Airport Coords
destAirport = Airports.objects.get(icao=destairport)
destLat = destAirport.lat
destlon = destAirport.lon
if ((flight.onGround == Null) and (ground_speed< 50) and (getNmFromLatLon(lat, lon, destLat, destlon) < 5)):
flight.onGround = updateTime
flightStatus = "Arrived"
flight.save()
#Deal with ActiveFlights Table
#
#
if (ActiveFlights.objects.filter(datetime = date_time, cid = pilotId, callsign = call_sign).exists() == False):
if (flightStatus == ""):
lastActive = ActiveFlights.objects.filter(cid = pilotId, callsign = call_sign).latest('datetime')
flightStatus = lastActive.flight_status
newActive = ActiveFlights(datetime = date_time, cid = pilotId, callsign = call_sign, clienttype = client_type, latitude = lat, longitude = lon, server = serv, altitude = alt, groundspeed = ground_speed, transponder = transpond, heading = flight_heading, flight_status=flightStatus)
newActive.save()
#Delete old active flight entry
oldActive = ActiveFlights.objects.filter(cid = pilotId, callsign = call_sign).exclude(datetime = updateTime)
oldActive.delete()
def atcInsert(row):
date_time = updateTime
_date = updateTime[0:10]
call_sign = row[0]
atc_id = row[1]
user_rating = int(row[16])
if (user_rating == 0):
user_rating = 'Ground Controller'
elif (user_rating == 1):
user_rating = 'Tower Controller'
elif (user_rating == 2):
user_rating = 'TMA Controller'
elif (user_rating == 3):
user_rating = 'Enroute Controller'
elif (user_rating == 4):
user_rating = 'Senior Controller'
client_type = "ATC"
freq = row[4]
lat = row[5]
lon = row[6]
serv = row[14]
facility_type = row[18]
if (facility_type == 0):
facility_type = 'Other'
elif (facility_type == 1):
facility_type = 'Observer'
elif (facility_type == 2):
facility_type = 'Clearance Delivery'
elif (facility_type == 3):
facility_type = 'Ground'
elif (facility_type == 4):
facility_type = 'Tower'
elif (facility_type == 5):
facility_type = 'Approach/Departure'
elif (facility_type == 6):
facility_type = 'Center'
visual_range = int(row[19])
time_logon = row[36]
date = updateTime
totaltime = datetime.datetime.utcnow() - time_logon
if (Personal.objects.filter(cid=atc_id).exists() == False):
newPersonal = Personal(cid = atc_id, realname = real_name, atc_rating = user_rating)
newPersonal.save()
else:
personal = Personal.objects.get(cid=atc_id)
if (personal.atc_rating != user_rating):
personal.atc_rating = user_rating
if (ActiveControllers.objects.filter(cid=atc_id, callsign=call_sign, datetime=date_time).exists == False):
newActiveATC = ActiveControllers(datetime=date_time, callsign=call_sign, cid=atc_id, clienttype=client_type, frequency=freq, latitude=lat, longitude=lon, server=serv, facilitytype=facility_type, visualrange=visual_range, time_logon=timelogon)
#delete old active controller
oldActiveATC = ActiveControllers.objects.filter(cid=atc_id, callsign = call_sign).exclude(datetime = updateTime)
oldActiveATC.delete()
if (Controllers.objects.filter(date=_date, callsign= call_sign, cid = atc_id).exists() == False):
totaltime = datetime.datetime.utcnow() - time_logon
newController(date=_date, callsign = call_sign, cid = atc_id, facilitytype = facility_type, TotalTime = totaltime)
else:
controller = Controllers.objects.get(date=date, callsign= call_sign, cid=atc_id)
controller.TotalTime = controller.TotalTime + (updateTime - controller.lastUpdate)
controller.lastUpdate = updateTime
controller.save()
# CSV READING BEGINS
#
#
#
def handle(self, **options):
client_rows = []
r = requests.get('http://info.vroute.net/vatsim-data.txt')
data = r.text.splitlines()
update = ""
updateTime = ""
newUpdate = True
reader = unicode_csv_reader(data,delimiter=":")
for row in reader:
if (row != []):
if "UPDATE = " in row[0]:
date = row[0]
update = date[9:]
updateTime = update[0:4] + "-" + update[4:6] + "-" + update[6:8] + "T" + update[8:10] + ":" + update[10:12] + ":" + update[11:13] + "+00:00"
if (ActiveFlights.objects.filter(datetime=updateTime).exists() == True):
newUpdate = False
elif (row[0] == u'!CLIENTS'):
for row in reader:
if (row[0] == ";"):
break
client_rows.append(row)
if (newUpdate == True):
for row in client_rows:
print row[16]
if (row[3] == 'PILOT'):
pilotInsert(row)
elif (row[3] == 'ATC'):
atcInsert(row)
## Delete flights that have been missing for an hour
notUpdated = ActiveFlights.objects.exclude(datetime = updateTime)
for flight in notUpdated:
if ((flight.datetime + timedelta(hours=1)) <= datetime.datetime.utcnow()):
flight.delete()
## Delete missing controllers
missingController = ActiveFlights.objects.exclude(datetime = updateTime)
for controller in missingController:
controller.delete()