我有两个包含以下信息的SQL Server表:
表t_venues
:
venue_id
是唯一的
venue_id | start_date | end_date
1 | 01/01/2014 | 02/01/2014
2 | 05/01/2014 | 05/01/2014
3 | 09/01/2014 | 15/01/2014
4 | 20/01/2014 | 30/01/2014
表t_venueuser
:
venue_id
不是唯一的
venue_id | start_date | end_date
1 | 02/01/2014 | 02/01/2014
2 | 05/01/2014 | 05/01/2014
3 | 09/01/2014 | 10/01/2014
4 | 23/01/2014 | 25/01/2014
从这两个表格中,我需要找到每个范围都没有选择的日期,因此输出结果如下:
venue_id | start_date | end_date
1 | 01/01/2014 | 01/01/2014
3 | 11/01/2014 | 15/01/2014
4 | 20/01/2014 | 22/01/2014
4 | 26/01/2014 | 30/01/2014
我可以比较这两个表,并使用'从t_venues
获取日期范围以显示在我的查询中,除了'但是我无法通过查询来生成未选择的日期。任何帮助将不胜感激。
答案 0 :(得分:3)
日历表的另一个完美候选人。如果您无法搜索here's one I made earlier。
DECLARE @t_venues table (
venue_id int
, start_date date
, end_date date
);
INSERT INTO @t_venues (venue_id, start_date, end_date)
VALUES (1, '2014-01-01', '2014-01-02')
, (2, '2014-01-05', '2014-01-05')
, (3, '2014-01-09', '2014-01-15')
, (4, '2014-01-20', '2014-01-30')
;
DECLARE @t_venueuser table (
venue_id int
, start_date date
, end_date date
);
INSERT INTO @t_venueuser (venue_id, start_date, end_date)
VALUES (1, '2014-01-02', '2014-01-02')
, (2, '2014-01-05', '2014-01-05')
, (3, '2014-01-09', '2014-01-10')
, (4, '2014-01-23', '2014-01-25')
;
SELECT t_venues.venue_id
, calendar.the_date
, CASE WHEN t_venueuser.venue_id IS NULL THEN 1 ELSE 0 END As is_available
FROM dbo.calendar /* see: http://gvee.co.uk/files/sql/dbo.numbers%20&%20dbo.calendar.sql for an example */
INNER
JOIN @t_venues As t_venues
ON t_venues.start_date <= calendar.the_date
AND t_venues.end_date >= calendar.the_date
LEFT
JOIN @t_venueuser As t_venueuser
ON t_venueuser.venue_id = t_venues.venue_id
AND t_venueuser.start_date <= calendar.the_date
AND t_venueuser.end_date >= calendar.the_date
ORDER
BY t_venues.venue_id
, calendar.the_date
;
venue_id the_date is_available
----------- ----------------------- ------------
1 2014-01-01 00:00:00.000 1
1 2014-01-02 00:00:00.000 0
2 2014-01-05 00:00:00.000 0
3 2014-01-09 00:00:00.000 0
3 2014-01-10 00:00:00.000 0
3 2014-01-11 00:00:00.000 1
3 2014-01-12 00:00:00.000 1
3 2014-01-13 00:00:00.000 1
3 2014-01-14 00:00:00.000 1
3 2014-01-15 00:00:00.000 1
4 2014-01-20 00:00:00.000 1
4 2014-01-21 00:00:00.000 1
4 2014-01-22 00:00:00.000 1
4 2014-01-23 00:00:00.000 0
4 2014-01-24 00:00:00.000 0
4 2014-01-25 00:00:00.000 0
4 2014-01-26 00:00:00.000 1
4 2014-01-27 00:00:00.000 1
4 2014-01-28 00:00:00.000 1
4 2014-01-29 00:00:00.000 1
4 2014-01-30 00:00:00.000 1
(21 row(s) affected)
我们的日历表包含每个日期的条目。
我们加入我们的t_venues
(如果您有选择,请丢失t_
前缀!),我们会在start_date
和end_date
之间每天返回。此加入的venue_id=4
示例输出:
venue_id the_date
----------- -----------------------
4 2014-01-20 00:00:00.000
4 2014-01-21 00:00:00.000
4 2014-01-22 00:00:00.000
4 2014-01-23 00:00:00.000
4 2014-01-24 00:00:00.000
4 2014-01-25 00:00:00.000
4 2014-01-26 00:00:00.000
4 2014-01-27 00:00:00.000
4 2014-01-28 00:00:00.000
4 2014-01-29 00:00:00.000
4 2014-01-30 00:00:00.000
(11 row(s) affected)
现在我们每天有一行,我们[外]加入我们的t_venueuser
表。我们以与以前大致相同的方式加入此项,但又增加了一点:我们也需要基于venue_id
加入!
为venue_id=4
运行此结果会产生以下结果:
venue_id the_date t_venueuser_venue_id
----------- ----------------------- --------------------
4 2014-01-20 00:00:00.000 NULL
4 2014-01-21 00:00:00.000 NULL
4 2014-01-22 00:00:00.000 NULL
4 2014-01-23 00:00:00.000 4
4 2014-01-24 00:00:00.000 4
4 2014-01-25 00:00:00.000 4
4 2014-01-26 00:00:00.000 NULL
4 2014-01-27 00:00:00.000 NULL
4 2014-01-28 00:00:00.000 NULL
4 2014-01-29 00:00:00.000 NULL
4 2014-01-30 00:00:00.000 NULL
(11 row(s) affected)
了解我们如何为没有NULL
记录的行设置t_venueuser
值。天才,不是吗? ;-)
所以在我的第一个查询中,我给了你一个显示可用性的快速CASE语句(1 =可用,0 =不可用)。这只是为了说明,但可能对您有用。
然后,您可以将查询打包,然后对此计算列应用额外的过滤器,或者只需在WHERE t_venueuser.venue_id IS NULL
中添加where子句,这将执行相同的操作。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
这是一个完整的黑客攻击,但它会提供您需要的结果,我只是根据您提供的数据对其进行测试,因此很可能会遇到更大的设置。
一般来说,你在这里要解决的是间隙和岛屿问题的变化,这是(简要地)一些缺少某些项目的序列。缺失的项目称为差距,现有项目称为岛屿。如果您想了解这个问题,请查看以下几篇文章:
<强>代码:强>
;with dates as
(
SELECT vdates.venue_id,
vdates.vdate
FROM ( SELECT DATEADD(d,sv.number,v.start_date) vdate
, v.venue_id
FROM t_venues v
INNER JOIN master..spt_values sv
ON sv.type='P'
AND sv.number BETWEEN 0 AND datediff(d, v.start_date, v.end_date)) vdates
LEFT JOIN t_venueuser vu
ON vdates.vdate >= vu.start_date
AND vdates.vdate <= vu.end_date
AND vdates.venue_id = vu.venue_id
WHERE ISNULL(vu.venue_id,-1) = -1
)
SELECT venue_id, ISNULL([1],[2]) StartDate, [2] EndDate
FROM (SELECT venue_id, rDate, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY venue_id, DateType ORDER BY rDate) AS rType, DateType as dType
FROM( SELECT d1.venue_id
,d1.vdate AS rDate
,'1' AS DateType
FROM dates AS d1
LEFT JOIN dates AS d0
ON DATEADD(d,-1,d1.vdate) = d0.vdate
LEFT JOIN dates AS d2
ON DATEADD(d,1,d1.vdate) = d2.vdate
WHERE CASE ISNULL(d2.vdate, '01 Jan 1753') WHEN '01 Jan 1753' THEN '2' ELSE '1' END = 1
AND ISNULL(d0.vdate, '01 Jan 1753') = '01 Jan 1753'
UNION
SELECT d1.venue_id
,ISNULL(d2.vdate,d1.vdate)
,'2'
FROM dates AS d1
LEFT JOIN dates AS d2
ON DATEADD(d,1,d1.vdate) = d2.vdate
WHERE CASE ISNULL(d2.vdate, '01 Jan 1753') WHEN '01 Jan 1753' THEN '2' ELSE '1' END = 2
) res
) src
PIVOT (MIN (rDate)
FOR dType IN
( [1], [2] )
) AS pvt
<强>结果:强>
venue_id StartDate EndDate
1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01
3 2014-01-11 2014-01-15
4 2014-01-20 2014-01-22
4 2014-01-26 2014-01-30