Question

我有spring boot webapp，它使用基于Java的配置来配置JdbcUserDetailsManager：

@Configuration
@EnableWebMvcSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Autowired
    protected DataSource dataSource;

    @Autowired
    public void configAuthentication(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
      auth.jdbcAuthentication()                
        .dataSource(dataSource)                
        .usersByUsernameQuery("select username as principal, password as credentials, true from users where username = ?")               
        .authoritiesByUsernameQuery("select username as principal, authority as role from authorities where username = ?")                
        .rolePrefix("ROLE_");
    }   

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http
            .csrf().disable()
            .authorizeRequests()
                .antMatchers("/api/**")
                .authenticated()
            .and()
            .formLogin()
                .successHandler(
                    (request, response, authentication) -> {
                        response.setStatus(HttpStatus.NO_CONTENT.value());
                    })
                .failureHandler(
                    (request, response, authentication) -> {
                        response.setStatus(HttpStatus.FORBIDDEN.value());
                    })
            .and()
            .logout()
                .logoutUrl("/logout")
                .logoutSuccessHandler(
                    (request, response, authentication) -> {
                        response.setStatus(HttpStatus.NO_CONTENT.value());
                    }); 
    }

}

我可以在configAuthentication()中设置一个断点，所以我知道该方法被调用了。我现在想要在我的Application类中注入JdbcUserDetailsManager：

@EnableAutoConfiguration
@ComponentScan
public class Application {

    private Environment env;
    private UserDetailsManager userDetailsManager;

    @Autowired
    public Application(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate, Environment env, UserDetailsManager userDetailsManager) {
        this.env = env;
        this.userDetailsManager = userDetailsManager;
        ...

当我尝试启动我的应用程序时，出现以下错误：

org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'application': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through constructor argument with index 2 of type [org.springframework.security.provisioning.UserDetailsManager]: : No qualifying bean of type [org.springframework.security.provisioning.UserDetailsManager] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {}; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [org.springframework.security.provisioning.UserDetailsManager] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {}

但我知道在调用Application构造函数之前，JdbcUserDetailsManager正在实例化。这里发生了什么？如何验证JdbcUserDetailsManager实际上是否已在上下文中注册？

更新：按照以下方式更改我的SecurityConfig，我就能解决问题：

@Configuration
@EnableWebMvcSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Autowired
    protected DataSource dataSource;
    private JdbcUserDetailsManager userDetailsManager;

    @Autowired
    public void configAuthentication(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        this.userDetailsManager = auth.jdbcAuthentication().dataSource(dataSource)
            .usersByUsernameQuery(
                "select username,password,enabled from users where username=?")
            .authoritiesByUsernameQuery(
                "select username, role from user_roles where username=?").getUserDetailsService();
    }

    @Bean(name = "userDetailsManager")
    public JdbcUserDetailsManager getUserDetailsManager() {
        return userDetailsManager;
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http
            .csrf().disable()
            .authorizeRequests()
            .antMatchers("/api/**")
            .authenticated()
            .and()
            .formLogin()
            .successHandler(
                (request, response, authentication) -> {
                    response.setStatus(HttpStatus.NO_CONTENT.value());
                })
            .failureHandler(
                (request, response, authentication) -> {
                    response.setStatus(HttpStatus.FORBIDDEN.value());
                })
            .and()
            .logout()
            .logoutUrl("/logout")
            .logoutSuccessHandler(
                (request, response, authentication) -> {
                    response.setStatus(HttpStatus.NO_CONTENT.value());
                });
    }

}

前往PlínioPantaleão，让我朝着正确的方向前进。不幸的是，我无法将赏金奖励给他们。我还不清楚为什么AuthenticationManagerBuilder没有在上下文中自动将UserDetailsService注册为Bean。如果有人可以提供一个权威的答案，说明为什么我必须提供一个吸气剂或可以解释如何让它在没有吸气剂的情况下工作（这对我来说有点不好意思），我将奖励这个答案的赏金

Answer 1

Spring注入bean，因此你必须在上下文中有一个bean来进行注入。

但是不要用configAuthentication()方法创建bean。在它自己的方法中创建它，然后从configAuthentication()方法引用它。像这样：

@Bean
public JdbcUserDetailsManager userDetailsManager() {
    JdbcUserDetailsManager manager = new JdbcUserDetailsManager();
    manager.setDataSource(dataSource);
    manager.setUsersByUsernameQuery(
        "select username,password,enabled from users where username=?");
    manager.setAuthoritiesByUsernameQuery(
        "select username, role from user_roles where username=?");
    manager.setRolePrefix("ROLE_");
    return manager;
}

@Autowired
public void configAuthentication(AuthenticationManagerBuilder builder)
        throws Exception {

    builder.userDetailsService(userDetailsManager());
}

现在userDetailsManager()生成一个配置正确的bean（允许注入），并且您正在使用它进行身份验证。 Spring在这里做了一些魔术，以确保重复调用userDetailsManager()（或任何其他bean定义）一遍又一遍地返回相同的对象，而不是每次都创建新的实例。

我将您的方法名称从getUserDetailsManager()更改为userDetailsManager()。这个方法是一个bean定义，而不是一个getter，所以这就是原因。此外，我从@Bean注释中删除了名称，因为Spring在此处自动使用bean名称的方法名称。

补充一些细节的其他说明：

首先，对jdbcAuthentication()的调用会产生一个新的JdbcUserDetailsManager实例，但它完全是内部的（即，不是Spring管理的bean）。我们可以说，因为当有多个豆满足一次注射时，Spring会抱怨。有关详细信息，请查看AuthenticationManagerBuilder，JdbcUserDetailsManagerConfigurer和各种超类的源代码。基本上您会看到jdbcAuthentication()调用会产生一个内部详细信息管理器，调用userDetailsService()会替换它。

其次，调用userDetailsService()会丢弃jdbcAuthentication()配置。以下是AuthenticationManagerBuilder的相关方法：

public <T extends UserDetailsService>
        DaoAuthenticationConfigurer<AuthenticationManagerBuilder,T>
        userDetailsService(T userDetailsService) throws Exception {

    this.defaultUserDetailsService = userDetailsService;
    return apply(
        new DaoAuthenticationConfigurer<AuthenticationManagerBuilder,T>
        (userDetailsService));
}

这就是为什么我们已将JdbcUserDetailsManager配置移出jdbcAuthentication()部分并进入userDetailsManager()方法本身。（jdbcAuthentication()调用基本上为创建JdbcUserDetailsManager提供了一个方便，流畅的界面，但我们不需要它，因为我们已经拥有JdbcUserDetailsManager。）

Answer 2

通过覆盖WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter.userDetailsServiceBean()并将其注册为@Bean，有（现在？）更好的方法：

public static class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

  @Bean(name = "myUserDetailsService")
  // any or no name specified is allowed
  @Override
  public UserDetailsService userDetailsServiceBean() throws Exception {
    return super.userDetailsServiceBean();
  }

}

的Javadoc：

重写此方法以将configure（AuthenticationManagerBuilder）创建的UserDetailsService公开为bean。通常，只应对此方法执行以下覆盖：

见上面的例子

要更改返回的实例，开发人员应更改userDetailsService（）而不是

WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter.configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder)

的Javadoc中也提到了这种方法

无法让UserDetailsManager注入Spring Boot和基于Java的配置

2 个答案: