我想在现有表中添加一个新列,但我想根据已有数据给它一个默认值:
e.g。每条记录都有一个start_date
。现在我想添加一个open_until
列,我希望用每个现有记录的start_date
填充它。 (即将到来的记录将能够选择不同的价值)
有友好的方法吗?
答案 0 :(得分:12)
您也可以在南方进行。唯一需要注意的是,您需要两个步骤:
添加open_until列的架构迁移
from django.db import models
import datetime
class MyModel(models.Model):
start_date = models.DateField(),
open_until = models.DateField(default=datetime.date.today),
$ python manage.py schemamigration --auto appname
数据迁移,用其他列的值填充现有行
$ python manage.py datamigration appname populate_open_until
import datetime
class Migration(DataMigration):
def forwards(self, orm):
"Set open_until value to that of start_date for existing rows"
for t in orm.MyModel.objects.all():
t.open_until = t.start_date
t.save()
def backwards(self, orm):
"Revert back to default"
for t in orm.MyModel.objects.all():
t.open_until = datetime.date.today
t.save()
(可选)在步骤1中,您可以提供临时默认值或将其设为可选,并添加第3步
答案 1 :(得分:0)
在Python 3.8中,我首先将字段添加到MyApp
模型文件中,如下所示:
from django.db import models
import datetime
class MyModel(models.Model):
start_date = models.DateField(),
open_until = models.DateField(default=datetime.date.today),
然后,在运行manage.py makemigrations
之后,将以下行添加到创建的新迁移文件中:
def forward(apps, schema_editor):
my_model_objects = apps.get_model('MyApp', 'MyModel').objects.all()
for t in my_model_objects:
t.open_until = t.start_date
t.save()
def reverse(apps, schema_editor):
pass
class Migration(migrations.Migration):
operations = [
" the base operations is here " ,
migrations.RunPython(forward, reverse),
]
答案 2 :(得分:-2)
正如我回复您所说,如果您正在使用框架,则无需在数据库级别设置动态默认值:)
我认为,最好的方法是在保存记录之前在视图中设置列的值。
models.py
from django.db import models
class MyModel(models.Model):
start_date = models.DateField(),
open_until = models.DateField(),
forms.py 来自django.forms import ModelForm
class MyForm(forms.ModelForm):
model = MyModel
fields = ('start_date')
课程视图
from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.views.generic import CreateView
from .models import MyModel
MyView(CreateView):
form_class = MyForm
def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
form = self.form_class(request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
submitted_form = form.save(commit=False)
submitted_form.open_until = form.cleaned_data["start_date"]
submitted_form.save()
# return an HttpResponse here
对于前面的条目,使视图只调用一次,然后遍历所有记录并根据订单列的值保存新列的值。
这样的事情:
from django.http import HttpResponse
def set_open_until_values(request)
records = MyModel.objects.all()
for record in records:
record.open_until = record.start_date
record.save()
return HttpResponse("Done!!")